共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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神府东胜煤CS2萃取物组成分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
采用溶剂萃取、色-质联用和色-红联用结合色谱保留值的定性方法,分析研究了神府东胜煤CS2萃取物的化学成分和结构,鉴定出120多种化合物,并对所鉴定出的单个化合物进行了定量分析,讨论了神府东胜煤CS2萃取物化学成分的结构特征.结果表明:萃取物主要由脂肪烃、芳烃和极性化合物三类成分组成.芳烃含量在萃取物中占绝对优势,且主要为1-4环的烷基取代芳烃.脂肪烃除主要成分正构烷烃外,还有少量的类异戊二烯烃和萜烷,极性化合物所占的比例很小,以含氧化合物为主. 相似文献
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用GC/MS和FTIR技术结合气相色谱外标定量分析方法,对神府煤甲醇萃取物进行了定性和定量分析,讨论了神府煤甲醇萃取物的化学组成及其结构特征.结果显示,神府煤甲醇萃取物的GC/MS可测组分主要由多环芳烃和含氧化合物组成,其中芳烃以2~3环的烷基取代稠环芳烃为主,含氧化合物中以酮类和酯类化合物居多;结果还检测到种类较多的含氮化合物和少量的含硫、磷、氯的化合物.GC/MS不可测组分的IR分析显示,其中主要官能团有各类羟基、羰基、芳环和亚甲基、甲基等,表明其中可能存在分子量较大的稠环芳香族或其酚、酸、酮、酯类及烷基衍生物的化合物. 相似文献
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溶剂分级萃取法研究平朔煤的化学组成特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用7种不同有机溶剂对平朔煤进行分级萃取,并利用GC/MS测定分析各级萃取物的化合物成分,对其化学组成及结构特征进行了对比研究.结果表明,利用不同溶剂分级萃取的方法可以较有效地对煤中有机化合物族组分起到粗分离的作用.CS2萃取物的主要成分是2环~4环烷基取代芳烃;正已烷萃取物几乎均为长链烷烃;在甲醇萃取物中检测出形式多样的含氧和含氮化合物;在丙酮萃取物中检测出长链烷基环已烷系列;芳烃在苯萃取物中多为2环,而在丙酮萃取物和THF萃取物中则是4环~7环缩合程度较高的芳烃;另外,在煤中首次发现邻二氟苯和氯胺酮. 相似文献
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SPI改性煤和氧化煤的生物降解研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
以大豆分离蛋白质(SPI)为改性剂,用吸附和接枝的方法对神府煤及神府氧化煤进行了表面改性和生物降解研究,用FTIR对接枝改性煤进行了表征,用从土壤中分离的混合微生物菌种,对煤及SPI改性煤和氧化煤进行了好氧生物降解实验,以生物降解产生的CO2产率、试样的最终失重率、降解残煤的FTIR分析、腐植酸含量测定和降解残液的UV-VIS光谱表征了生物降解效果,结果表明,SPI改性对煤和氧化煤的微生物降解有促进作用,尤其是对氧化煤促进作用更明显,接枝改性的促进作用比吸附改性强,并且,由于接枝改性扣吸附改性中SPI与煤的界面相互作用不同,从而导致他们具有不同的生物降解机理。 相似文献
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Low-temperature (400 °C) pyrolysis of Texas lignite produced volatile products typical of coal tars, with tar evolution beginning at about 300 °C. n-Alkanes up to about C30 were observed among the products and these were accompanied by smaller but significant amounts of 1 -alkenes. Similar pyrolyses were performed on pyridine extracts and sodium hydroxide extracts of lignite. The alkanes and alkenes were seen among the pyrolysis products from the pyridine extracts and from the residual lignite from both types of extractions, but they were not seen among the pyrolysis products from the sodium hydroxide extracts. Pyrolyses of some model compounds suggested that dealkylation of alkyl-substituted arenes can be significant at 400 °C and can account for the production of the alkanes and alkenes from the lignite. 相似文献
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Alkanes and solvent dimers in successive extract fractions released from coal during liquefaction in a flowing-solvent reactor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Types of alkanes present in liquefaction product fractions released from coal during successive time—temperature intervals were examined by g.c.—m.s. Experiments were carried out in a flowing-solvent reactor where solubilized products are continuously removed from the reaction zone; tetralin, quinoline and hexadecane were used as the solvent. At 450°C (with 400 s holding) total conversions in tetralin, quinoline and hexadecane were 82.5, 74.7 and 24 wt% (daf), respectively. In tetralin, alkanes were released from coal more readily and at lower temperatures than in quinoline or hexadecane; m.s. signal intensities fell rapidly with increasing reaction temperature. In quinoline, lower intensities of alkane peaks were observed than in tetralin, although the trend with temperature was similar. In hexadecane however, the trend of intensity with temperature was reversed compared with liquefaction in tetralin or in quinoline; the range of alkanes detected was also smaller than in tetralin or in quinoline. The presence of alkenes in the hexadecane extracts suggested a pyrolytic mechanism for the thermal breakdown. Isoprenoid alkanes, pristane and phytane, were detected in the tetralin and quinoline extracts but not those prepared in hexadecane. Materials present in product mixtures and thought to originate with each solvent were briefly investigated: dimers were the most prominent species in tetralin extracts, with only low-intensity dimers being found in quinoline extracts and no apparent formation of higher homologues from hexadecane. These results were compared with the pattern of alkane release from coal during liquefaction in tetralin in a conventional minibomb reactor and in the pentane-soluble fraction of the total (unfractionated) extract from the F-S reactor. 相似文献
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我国煤炭直接液化技术研究已达到国际先进水平.兖州、天祝、神府烟煤和先锋.沈北、东胜褐煤都是较好的直接液化原料煤。煤直接液化的馏分油最适宜生产高辛烷值汽油、优质喷气燃料和催化重整制取芳烃原料油.两段催化液化由1t无水无灰煤生产5bb1馏分油.煤油共炼与直接液化相比较,简化了工艺过程,改进了馏分油产率和质量。我国煤直接工艺发展方向是煤油共炼或两段催化液化工艺。 相似文献
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