Configurations of contributing psychologists.

"The purpose of this paper is to present a method for identifying those members of the American Psychological Association having a doctor's degree who are likely to make important contributions to psychology. The approach is essentially that of considering at one time two bits of information about a person." "The sample… consists of 1,974 persons who became Associates of APA and received the doctor's degree during the period 1941 to 1951… ." Three configurations are discussed: (1) those who became APA Associates before they received the doctor's degree; (2) those who became Associates after they received the degree; (3) those who became Associates the same year they received the degree. Criteria of contributions to psychology are publication in the 1954 APA journals and donation of money to APA Building Fund in 1954 and 1955. Three tables of results are presented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A note on the training of clinical and counseling psychologists.

"In June of 1958, letters were sent to the department chairmen of the 24 institutions approved by the APA Education and Training Board to train PhD psychologists in both the clinical and counseling specialties… . One-third of the 24 institutions are known to differentiate definitely in course requirements between the two specialties, while only one-eight are known to differentiate definitely in the preliminary examinations used for the two specialties… . Only three of the institutions definitely differentiate between the specialties in terms of both course requirements and preliminary examinations… . it seems obvious that little differentiation is being made between the two specialties in our major training institutions even though these institutions are approved to train for each of the specialties." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Undergraduate training for psychologists.

"The chairmen of the psychology departments of the 167 institutions listed in the December 1956 issue of the American Psychologist as offering graduate work in psychology were surveyed as to their opinions regarding an ideal undergraduate curriculum for prospective graduate students. One hundred and forty-nine (89%) of the questionnaires were returned… . A large majority of the chairmen (85%) agreed that the best undergraduate major would be psychology." Biological science and mathematics were listed most frequently as the best minor. Tables are presented of the preferred undergraduate nonpsychology courses for graduate training applicants and preferred undergraduate psychology courses for graduate training applicants. The preferred nonpsychology courses listed by at least 70% of all the chairmen were algebra, anthropology, physics, physiology, and sociology. Preferred psychology courses were beginning statistics and experimental psychology (indicated by 96% and 95% of the chairmen, respectively). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Internships for doctoral training in clinical psychology approved by the American Psychological Association.

On the recommendation of the Committee on Evaluation, the Education and Training Board has recommended, and the Board of Directors of the American Psychological Association has approved for doctoral training in clinical psychology the internships offered by the agencies listed in this article. These training agencies meet the minimum standards stated in the American Psychologist, 1958, 13, 59-60. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Doctoral training programs in clinical psychology and in counseling.

"On recommendation of the Committee on Evaluation, the Education and Training Board with the concurrence of the Board of Directors of the American Psychological Association has approved the doctoral training programs in clinical and in counseling psychology that are conducted by the institutions listed." 56 institutions are in the clinical psychology list; 12 of these have received interim approval while the others have full approval. 27 institutions are in the counseling psychology list; 4 of these have interim approval. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Graduate training for community clinical psychology.

"In this paper we will review some of the basic principles which seem to underlie the training of psychologists for professional careers in the field of mental health, examine these principles in relation to the developments that have occurred in this field since World War II, explore the implications of these factors for graduate training in psychology in general and clinical psychology in particular, and describe a training program in which we are attempting to apply these principles." The program at the University of Nebraska "has developed over the last 13 years." In it there has been a shift from "teaching psychological tests to teaching the use of psychologist tests as an aid to understanding people's problems." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Phones, phonies, and psychologists: III. Professional problems and progress.

A table indicates the percentage of American Psychological Association (APA) members among individual listings in the classified telephone directories for 20 major cities from 1947 to 1962 as follows: 1947, 18.5%; 1949, 35.5%; 1953, 46.7%; 1957, 55.8%; and 1962, 76.9%. Problems considered involve listings by persons identifying themselves as hypnotists; dianetic auditors; those who promise memory power, marriage and tranquility development, relief from sexual problems, etc.; and organizations using display advertisements despite the APA Code statement that "Display advertising is not acceptable practice." The effects of certification are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Postdoctoral training in clinical psychology: As amorphous as an inkblot.

Although the American Psychological Association (APA) currently recognizes no formal training requirements beyond the PhD degree and offers no standards or guidelines for postdoctoral training, an examination of state licensing and certification laws clearly indicates that postdoctoral training is quickly becoming the norm rather than the exception for psychology doctorates pursuing state licensure. In light of the increasing demand for postdoctoral training experience before state licensing eligibility, and because of the further specialization of psychology, Toye and Pierce (1987) recently called for the development of a required postdoctoral residency program after a year of predoctoral internship training, to be instituted and promulgated by the APA. Whether one is in favor of or opposed to the implementation of a mandatory postdoctoral residency program, current and future licensing and certification laws may eventually force psychologists to implement such a program as well as develop standards and guidelines regarding postdoctoral training. Thus although postdoctoral training experience has become a practical reality for psychology professionals pursuing state licensure, the APA currently offers no standards or guidelines for postdoctoral training or the postdoctoral training application process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Birthplaces and schools of experimental and clinical psychologists.

Analysis of APA Directory data suggests a difference in birth place and undergraduate schools between members of the Experimental and Clinical Divisions of the APA. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Education and Training Board. Doctoral training programs in clinical psychology and in counseling psychology.

"On recommendation of the Committee on Evaluation, the Education and Training Board with the concurrence of the Board of Directors of the American Psychological Association has approved the doctoral training programs in clinical psychology and in counseling psychology that are conducted by the institutions listed… ." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

New Members and Associates of the American Psychological Association.

1543 persons were elected to membership in APA as of January 1, 1964; 703 were elected Members and 840 were elected Associates. 210 Associate members were transferred to Member status. The persons involved are listed by name. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Religiosity and spirituality among psychologists: A survey of clinician members of the American Psychological Association.

Has the disparity in religiosity between clinicians and the general public decreased in recent years? Clinician members of the American Psychological Association (APA) were surveyed regarding their religion and spirituality. The survey was sent to 489 randomly selected members of APA, of whom 258 (53%) replied. Items were drawn from prior surveys to allow this APA sample to be compared with the general U.S. population and with an earlier survey of psychotherapists by A. E. Bergin and J. P. Jensen (see record 1990-18246-001). Although no less religious than A. E. Bergin and J. P. Jensen's (1990) sample, psychologists remained far less religious than the clients they serve. The vast majority, however, regarded religion as beneficial (82%) rather than harmful (7%) to mental health. Implications for clinical practice and training are considered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

XVIIth International Congress of Psychology: Young Psychologists Project.

An APA Travel Fund permitted 22 young psychologists from abroad to attend the congress. Each is identified by name, country, interest field, and United States host (an APA member in the Washington area). A photograph of the student group is provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Conference on the professional preparation of clinical psychologists: A progress report.

Preconference planning has been carried out by a Division 12 Conference Committee and its associates; the Committee is issuing a preconference report for wide distribution and discussion. The report "includes a statement on the nature of the profession, a historical survey and review of previous conferences on graduate education in psychology, and a section on manpower." The report includes 22 invited position papers reflecting different points of view in the general area of training as well as on specific issues. Titles of the papers are listed. The Executive Committee of Division 12 has made a final selection of 60 participants; observers will be limited to official representatives from organizations such as NIMH, the VA, the E&T Board, etc. "Much of the work of the Conference will be carried out in small discussion group meetings interspersed with plenary sessions. It will begin in the afternoon on August 26 or 27 and run for 5? consecutive days." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Ethical principles of psychologists: (Amended June 2, 1989).

Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of the individual and strive for the preservation and protection of fundamental human rights. They are committed to increasing knowledge of human behavior and of people's understanding of themselves and others and to the utilization of such knowledge for the promotion of human welfare. While pursuing these objectives, they make every effort to protect the welfare of those who seek their services and of the research participants that may be the object of study. They use their skills only for purposes consistent with these values and do not knowingly permit their misuse by others. While demanding for themselves freedom of inquiry and communication, psychologists accept the responsibility this freedom requires: competence, objectivity in the application of skills, and concern for the best interests of clients, colleagues, students, research participants, and society. In the pursuit of these ideals, psychologists subscribe to principles in the following areas: 1. Responsibility, 2. Competence, 3. Moral and Legal Standards, 4. Public Statements, 5. Confidentiality, 6. Welfare of the Consumer, 7. Professional Relationships, 8. Assessment Techniques, 9. Research With Human Participants, and 10. Care and Use of Animals. Acceptance of membership in the American Psychological Association commits the member to adherence to these principles. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

APA membership trends and fields of specialization of psychologists earning doctoral degrees between 1959 and 1962.

"This report describes general trends in APA affiliation for 1959-62 doctoral degree recipients in various psychological specialties. A total of 3285 individuals reported earning doctorates in psychology during that time (1959-1962), and NAS-NRC estimates that these data include more than 99% of potential Ss. Psychology appears to be headed toward a production of around 1000 doctorates/year with something less than 200 of these being women. Other consistent trends appear to be a steady increase in clinicians, the emergence of personality psychology as a specialty, and the gradual disappearance of psychologists who label themselves 'general' or 'other' at the time the doctoral degree is granted. APA eventually attracts close to 90% of everyone who achieves a doctoral degree in psychology." The clinical group is largest with an above average proportion of APA members; the experimental group (including comparative and physiological) has a somewhat lower than average proportion of APA members. There is a trend away from predoctoral affiliation with APA. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Internships for doctoral training in clinical psychology approved by the American Psychological Association.

Recommendations made by the Committee on Evaluation, the Education and Training Board with the concurrence of the Board of Directors of the American Psychological Association has approved the internships for doctoral training in clinical psychology which are offered by the agencies listed in this article. These internships meet at least the minimum standards stated in the American Psychologist for November, 1950, Vol. 5, pp. 594-609. All these agencies provide supervised experience in the three activities of diagnostic work, psychotherapy, and research unless otherwise stated. The committee used the criterion that thorough practicum training in at least two of these activities was a minimum standard for approval. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Awards for Distinguished Professional Contributions: 1980.

Recognizing the diversity of roles and activities in which many professional psychologists are engaged, beginning in 1979 Professional Awards have been presented to three individual members of the Association whose distinguished contributions have served to advance psychology as a profession in the area of knowledge, in public service, and in professional practice. The 1980 recipients, honored at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association in Montreal, were as follows: for "Distinguished Professional Contributions to Applied Psychology as a Professional Practice," Douglas W. Bray and Zygmunt A. Piotrowski; for "Distinguished Professional Contributions to Knowledge," Leonard D. Eron; and, for "Distinguished Professional Contributions to Public Service," Nicholas Hobbs. A citation and brief biography for each award recipient is presented. The winners since the establishment of the awards are listed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The crisis in clinical psychology training.

"The directors of university clinical-psychology training programs and state-level psychologists of the 10 northeastern states met in Princeton in June 1962 to consider joint responsibilities, focusing particular attention on the nature of internships. Analysis of fact sheets, completed by both university and state participants prior to the meeting, indicated an acute shortage of doctoral clinical-psychology candidates and of qualified students accepting internships." Suggestions of participants "included (a) expansion of present doctoral training programs, (b) additional training programs including retooling of current masters' programs, (c) and experimental development of professional schools." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

APA-approved predoctoral internships for doctoral training in clinical and counseling psychology: 1982.

The Committee on Accreditation has approved for doctoral training in professional psychology the internships offered by the agencies listed below. Each of the agencies listed has met the same qualitative standards with respect to adequacy of training. The list is alphabetical by agencies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)