首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
珠江口盆地白云凹陷烃源岩热史及成熟史模拟   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
珠江口盆地白云凹陷文昌组和恩平组陆相烃源岩热史及成熟史研究对白云凹陷深水油气勘探具有指导意义。在恢复白云凹陷地史和热史的基础上,利用EASY%Ro模型计算了白云凹陷西凹、主凹和东凹文昌组和恩平组两套烃源岩的成熟度史,并分别对比文昌组和恩平组烃源岩在白云凹陷西凹、主凹和东凹成熟度演化特征。研究结果表明:1)自始新世早期起白云凹陷热流值持续上升,在距今约44Ma时达到最大值大约为77mW/m2,现今热流值为60mW/m2左右。2)白云凹陷西凹、主凹和东凹文昌组烃源岩开始生烃(Ro=0.5%)时间分别为距今43,44,35Ma,达到生烃高峰(Ro=1.0%)时间分别为距今30,35,17Ma,达到高成熟(Ro=1.3%)时间分别为距今25,33,13Ma;而恩平组烃源岩开始生烃时间分别为距今20,30,22Ma,达到生烃高峰时间分别为距今10,22,8Ma,达到高成熟时间分别为距今8,17,0Ma。3)白云凹陷主凹烃源岩生烃时间最早,主生油期时间短,热演化程度最高;东凹烃源岩生烃时间最晚,主生油期时间长,热演化程度最低。  相似文献   

2.
Deterministic forward models are commonly used to quantify the processes accompanying basin evolution. Here, we describe a workflow for the rapid calibration of palaeo heat‐flow behaviour. The method determines the heat‐flow history which best matches the observed data, such as vitrinite reflectance, which is used to indicate the thermal maturity of a sedimentary rock. A limiting factor in determining the heat‐flow history is the ability of the algorithm used in the software for the maturity calculation to resolve information inherent in the measured data. Thermal maturation is controlled by the temperature gradient in the basin over time and is therefore greatly affected by maximum burial depth. Calibration, i.e. finding the thermal history model which best fits the observed data (e.g. vitrinite reflectance), can be a time‐consuming exercise. To shorten this process, a simple pseudo‐inverse model is used to convert the complex thermal behaviour obtained from a basin simulator into more simple behaviour, using a relatively simple equation. By comparing the calculated “simple” maturation trend with the observed data points using the suggested workflow, it becomes relatively straightforward to evaluate the range within which a best‐fit model will be found. Reverse mapping from the simple model to the complex behaviour results in precise values for the heat‐flow which can then be applied to the basin model. The goodness‐of‐fit between the modelled and observed data can be represented by the Mean Squared Residual (MSR) during the calibration process. This parameter shows the mean squared difference between all measured data and the respective predicted maturities. A minimum MSR value indicates the “best fit”. Case studies are presented of two wells in the Horn Graben, Danish North Sea. In both wells calibrating the basin model using a constant heat‐flow over time is not justified, and a more complex thermal history must be considered. The pseudo‐inverse method was therefore applied iteratively to investigate more complex heat‐flow histories. Neither in the observed maturity data nor in the recorded stratigraphy was there evidence for erosion which would have influenced the present‐day thermal maturity pattern, and heat‐flow and time were therefore the only variables investigated. The aim was to determine the simplest “best‐fit” heat‐flow history which could be resolved at the maximum resolution given by the measured maturity data. The conclusion was that basin models in which the predicted maturity of sedimentary rocks is calibrated solely against observed vitrinite reflectance data cannot provide information on the timing of anomalies in the heat‐flow history. The pseudo inverse method, however, allowed the simplest heat‐flow history that best fits the observed data to be found.  相似文献   

3.
    
This study evaluates the geothermal history of Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks from the easternmost part of the Variscan external zone in the NE Czech Republic. The objective was to investigate the geothermal history of pre‐Variscan Palaeozoic carbonates in the study area, and to assess its relationship with that of the overlying Variscan flysch. In the study area, the Palaeozoic succession occurs at the surface or is overlain by Miocene sediments of the Carpathian Foredeep. Palaeozoic nappes and the main Variscan overthrust have been documented in the subsurface at the deep Pot?tát‐1borehole. Vitrinite reflectance measurements on 38 samples from the Pot?tát‐1 well and 19 samples from nearby surface outcrops and shallow boreholes were available. A 2D thermal model was created using PetroMod and the thermal maturity evolution was modelled by EASY%Ro. The thermal model was constructed based on interpretations of two NW‐SE seismic profiles (lines 5/83 and 5/84) oriented perpendicular to the main Variscan thrusts. The results were calibrated using measured vitrinite reflectance and were adjusted with 1D models from three shallow boreholes. At the Pot?tát‐1 borehole, modelled maximum palaeo‐temperatures of the Variscan flysch (Moravice Formation) ranged from 310°C at a depth of 7.3 km (the top of the preserved succession) to 395°C at the base of the succession, resulting in thermal maturities of >4%Rr. Peak maturation occurred prior to the end of Variscan thrusting. Modelling suggests that the basal heat flow for these thrust units reached a maximum value of 63 mW/m2 at 325 Ma. In addition, the modelling suggests that the maturity of the Palaeozoic carbonates was controlled by the thickness of the overlying Variscan flysch nappes. Maximum palaeo‐temperatures for the Palaeozoic carbonates ranged from 265°C at the top of the interval (at a depth of 7.1 km) to 290°C at the base, resulting in a maturity of 3.8 to >4%Rr which is within the dry gas window. The study suggests that basal heat flows in the original (pre‐thrust) Early Carboniferous sedimentary basin were slightly higher than those in the post‐thrust location for the Variscan flysch nappes. This should be taken into account when evaluating the petroleum system in the South Moravian oil province (SW Czech Republic) where a complete sedimentary sequence has not been preserved.  相似文献   

4.
基于前人研究资料,运用热成熟度指数法(TTI),以普光2井为例,恢复了川东北地区地热史和地层埋藏史,探讨了研究区烃源岩的热演化和生排烃过程。研究认为:各烃源层的成熟度演化主要定型于白垩纪末期,下寒武统烃源岩生烃期局限在晚二叠世—晚三叠世;上奥陶统至下志留统烃源岩的快速生烃期为中三叠世—晚三叠世和中侏罗世;二叠系烃源岩的快速生烃期为晚三叠世和中侏罗世。另外,各烃源岩都经历了至少2次生烃高峰期,包括成熟期的生油(液态烃)高峰期及高成熟期的尚未排除的残留液态烃进一步裂解生气高峰期。   相似文献   

5.
通过对柴达木盆地北缘地区未成熟—低成熟侏罗系烃源岩的热模拟实验研究,分析甲基菲的组成特征,建立两类Ⅱ型有机质(偏腐殖型、偏腐泥型)湖相烃源岩的甲基菲比值和甲基菲指数与镜质体反射率间的关系。研究表明,在有机质热演化的不同阶段,甲基菲指数与镜质体反射率间呈现出不同的关系式,同一甲基菲指数值将推算出2个不同的镜质体反射率,判断原油成熟度易出现偏差;而甲基菲比值与镜质体反射率间具有很好的线性正相关关系,Ro介于0.50%~1.80%时呈单调增加的趋势,相关系数高达0.90以上,在高成熟阶段两者间的关系也是正相关的,故利用甲基菲比值判断成熟度优于甲基菲指数。根据所建立的关系式对柴北缘各区原油的成熟度进行计算,所得结果与地质背景吻合度好,可信度较高。图5表1参18  相似文献   

6.
本文简要叙述了应用镜质体反射率、甾烷和蒮烷异构化程度指标恢复古热流史的原理和方法,并对准噶尔盆地西北缘的艾参1井做了实例分析。应用结果表明,以往某些镜质体反射率与TTⅠ的关系式不适合于艾参1井,而用甾烷和藿烷异构化程度指标恢复的热流史两者却极为一致,且与其他学者对艾参1井粘土矿物和磷灰石裂变径迹的研究结果吻合很好。重新建立了新的镜质体反射率与TTⅠ的关系式。  相似文献   

7.
准噶尔盆地地热场特征与油气   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6  
本文根据准噶尔盆地760个测温点资料,结合盆地构造演化过程对盆地地热场特征及其与油气的关系进行了探讨。认为准噶尔盆地是一个较冷的盆地,地热场偏低,而且烃源岩偏老,以致生油气门限深度偏大,给勘探工作造成一定困难。  相似文献   

8.
运用盆地模拟方法,对苏北盆地高邮凹陷泰州组烃源岩的埋藏史、温度史、成熟度史及生油史进行研究发现,三垛早期,泰二段烃源岩进入成熟阶段,Ro达0.6%,且随着埋深增大,地层温度、烃源岩成熟度和生烃能力也逐渐增加;三垛末期,地层埋藏深度、温度及烃源岩成熟度都达到最大,分别为3000m,110℃和0.8%,同时烃源岩生油量也达顶峰,东部的焦1井高达350mg/g。由此看出,三垛时期是高邮凹陷泰二段烃源岩生、排烃的主要时期。另外,由于三垛时期构造、断层活动强烈,圈闭大多定型,因而综合分析认为,三垛时期也是油气运移、成藏的有利和主要时期。  相似文献   

9.
鄂尔多斯盆地中元古界是中国石油长庆油田天然气增储上产的潜在层系,然而长期以来对其内烃源岩热演化史一直缺乏深入研究。以PetroMod盆地模拟软件为工具,在对区内各构造单元岩性、剥蚀厚度、古大地热流值等模拟参数分析的基础上,以实测镜质体反射率(Ro)作为约束,对区内各构造单元中元古界进行热史模拟,分析不同构造单元烃源岩热演化的差异性,并结合含油气系统分析,对有利的勘探区进行了预测。结果表明:(1)盆地中元古代拗拉槽及周缘中元古界烃源岩进入生烃门限时间明显较早;除西缘冲断带中北部之外,其他拗拉槽及周缘处烃源岩各阶段成熟时间也早于其他地区,现今处于生干气阶段;除伊盟隆起地区长城系烃源岩成熟期次都较晚、现今仍处于生湿气阶段外,其他地区基本上于晚二叠世晚期进入生烃门限,现今处于生干气阶段;蓟县系烃源岩于晚二叠世晚期—中三叠世早期先后进入生烃门限,随后受盆地沉积中心不断向西迁移和天环向斜北部、渭北隆起西部早白垩世岩浆岩的侵入影响,烃源岩成熟加快,早白垩世先后进入生干气阶段。(2)渭北隆起中部、天环向斜南部、伊陕斜坡西北部、伊盟隆起中部为有利勘探区,是下一步开展研究的重点区域。  相似文献   

10.
    
This study presents a 3D numerical model of a study area in the NW part of the Persian Gulf, offshore SW Iran. The purpose is to investigate the burial and thermal history of the region from the Cretaceous to the present day, and to investigate the location of hydrocarbon generating kitchens and the relative timing of hydrocarbon generation/migration versus trap formation. The study area covers about 20,000 km2 and incorporates part of the intra‐shelf Garau‐Gotnia Basin and the adjacent Surmeh‐Hith carbonate platform. A conceptual model was developed based on the interpretation of 2700 km of 2D seismic lines, and depth and thickness maps were created tied to data from 20 wells. The thermal model was calibrated using bottom‐hole temperature and vitrinite reflectance data from ten wells, taking into account the main phases of erosion/non‐deposition and the variable temporal and spatial heat flow histories. Estimates of eroded thicknesses and the determination of heat‐flow values were performed by burial and thermal history reconstruction at various well and pseudo‐well locations. Burial, temperature and maturation histories are presented for four of these locations. Detailed modelling results for Neocomian and Albian source rock successions are provided for six locations in the intra‐shelf basin and the adjacent carbonate platform. Changes in sediment supply and depocentre migration through time were analyzed based on isopach maps representing four stratigraphic intervals between the Tithonian and the Recent. Backstripping at various locations indicates variable tectonic subsidence and emergence at different time periods. The modelling results suggest that the convergence between the Eurasian and Arabian Plates which resulted in the Zagros orogeny has significantly influenced the burial and thermal evolution of the region. Burial depths are greatest in the study area in the Binak Trough and Northern Depression. These depocentres host the main kitchen areas for hydrocarbon generation, and the organic‐rich Neocomian and Albian source rock successions have been buried sufficiently deeply to be thermally mature. Early oil window maturities for these successions were reached between the Late Cretaceous (90 Ma) and the early Miocene (18 Ma) at different locations, and hydrocarbon generation may continue at the present‐day.  相似文献   

11.
江汉盆地西南缘二次生烃及其对油气成藏的影响   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
江汉盆地西南缘地区谢凤桥、复兴场、采穴等构造带的油气富集程度差别很大,油气富集程度与早第三纪晚期构造抬升剥蚀和二次生烃潜力的大小有关。烃源岩晚期增熟、原油同源但成熟度不同以及流体包裹体等证据均证实研究区发生了二次生烃作用。研究区构造在盆地抬升前形成的油气藏在盆地抬升时部分或全部被破坏;能捕获到二次生烃的构造,油气富集程度相对较高。谢凤桥构造捕获并保存了两次生成的油气,油气富集程度最高。采穴构造和复兴场构造初次运聚的油气成藏后在盆地抬升时部分散失,但采穴构造获得二次生烃供油,油气富集程度较高,而复兴场构造未获得二次生烃供油,油气藏含油饱和度低,油气富集程度差。  相似文献   

12.
南襄盆地泌阳凹陷烃源岩成熟度厘定及其意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用FAMM技术对取自南襄盆地泌阳凹陷15口钻井的19件核桃园组湖相烃源岩样品进行了成熟度厘定。结果显示,烃源岩的镜质体反射率(Ro)抑制程度显著,抑制校正值介于0.08%~0.39%,有机质类型越好,镜质体反射率抑制程度越高。19件烃源岩样品的成熟度均已处于生油窗内(等效镜质体反射率值介于0.58%~1.29%),而非镜质体反射率结果所反映的处于0.38%~1.05%。根据4个钻井不同深度段烃源岩的成熟度确定古地温梯度为36~45℃/km,成烃门限深度为1 800~1 400 m。核桃园组烃源岩成熟度的正确厘定,为合理评价泌阳凹陷石油资源潜力奠定了基础。  相似文献   

13.
    
Petroleum systems analysis and maturity modelling is used to predict the timing and locations of hydrocarbon generation in the underexplored offshore Zambezi Delta depression and Angoche basin, northern Mozambique. Model inputs include available geological, geochemical and geophysical data. Based on recent plate‐tectonic reconstructions and regional correlations, the presence of Valanginian and Middle and/or Late Jurassic marine source rock is proposed in the study area. The stratigraphy of the Mozambique margin was interpreted along reflection seismic lines and tied to four wells in the Zambezi Delta depression. Thermal maturity was calibrated against measured vitrinite reflectance values from these four wells. Four 1‐D models with calibration data were constructed, together with another five without calibration data at pseudo‐well locations, and indicate the maturity of possible source rocks in the Zambezi Delta depressions and Angoche basin. Two 2‐D petroleum systems models, constrained by seismic reflection data, depict the burial history and maturity evolution of the Zambezi Delta basin. With the exception of the deeply‐buried centre of the Zambezi Delta depression where potential Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous source rocks were found to be overmature for both oil and gas, modelling showed that potential source rocks in the remaining parts of the study area are mature for hydrocarbon generation. In both the Zambezi Delta depression and Angoche basin, indications for natural gas may be explained by early maturation of oil‐prone source rocks and secondary oil cracking, which likely began in the Early Cretaceous. In distal parts of the Angoche basin, however, the proposed source rocks remain in the oil window.  相似文献   

14.
通过对川东北元坝地区须家河组(T3x)—嘉定组(K1j)钻井岩屑样品镜质体反射率和锆石、磷灰石(U-Th)/He定年分析,建立了该区He年龄—深度/温度动态演化模式,推断出元坝地区磷灰石He封闭温度为95℃左右。元坝地区T3x-K1j中生代地层基本都经历了磷灰石He封闭温度(95℃);所有样品未经历锆石He封闭温度,T3x2-J1z地层部分样品可能经历了约170℃的最高古地温。元坝地区中生代地层在古近纪—新近纪(0.2~36.4 Ma)发生重大冷却抬升剥蚀,剥蚀速率约为109.9m/Ma,K1j及以上地层最大抬升剥蚀厚度约为4000m。系统揭示了该区动态热演化历史,中生代地层最高古地温接近于170~190℃,随后地层发生抬升,古地温下降;在36~176 Ma之间时,古地温在95~170℃之间;在0~36Ma时,现今地温小于95℃。   相似文献   

15.
松辽盆地南部泉头组-嫩江组热演化史研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
根据钻井测温和镜质体反射率资料,在现今地温场分析的基础上,开展了有机质热演化和热史模拟研究。热史模拟结果表明,火石岭组古地温较高,沙河子组时期有一个明显的降温,营城组晚期-登娄库组时期地温缓慢回升,青山口组时期古地温明显回升,姚家组时期以后开始降温,明水组的降温速率最大。R.史反演表明.嫩江组期末,青一段烃源岩热演化达到成熟期,嫩江组一段、二段烃源岩达到低成熟期。明水组期末,青一段烃源岩热演化为成熟晚期,嫩江组一段、二段烃源岩抹到成熟期.  相似文献   

16.
临盘油田夏38井区辉绿岩热效应对成烃作用的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
济阳坳陷临盘油田夏38井区沙河街组三段辉绿岩侵入体对上、下烃源岩的显微有机质和镜质体反射率的影响非常显著,影响的范围大致与岩床厚度相当。在靠近岩床10 m 范围内,镜质体反射率(Ro)值比正常地温场条件下升高1至数倍,最高可达3.44%。远离岩床烃源岩受热影响强度逐渐降低,直至50m 以外趋于正常地温值。由于扩散、对流条件等存在差异,岩体对上覆岩层影响范围大,但幅度小;对下伏岩层影响范围小,但幅度大。在岩浆热能影响下,快速形成的烃类在碳数分布上具有“头大尾巴长”的特点,即以中-轻烃为主,重烃含量明显偏少。与正常地温场缓慢生成烃类的轻、重烃平衡、对称的分布模式明显不同。理论估算,岩浆带来的热量足以使侵入体附近5倍于岩床体积的烃源岩升高200℃,但由于孔隙流体的对流散热,温度升高的幅度比理论计算值要小。  相似文献   

17.
    
The shale‐gas potential of mid‐Carboniferous mudrocks in the Bowland‐Hodder unit in the Cleveland Basin (Yorkshire, northern England) was investigated through the analysis of a cored section from the uppermost part of the unit in the Malton‐4 well using a multidisciplinary approach. Black shales are interbedded with bioturbated and bedded sandstones, representing basinal‐offshore to prodelta – delta‐front lithofacies. The total organic carbon (TOC) content of the shales ranges from 0.37 to 2.45 wt %. Rock‐Eval pyrolysis data indicate that the organic matter is mainly composed of Type III kerogen with an admixture of Type II kerogen. Tmax (436–454°C), 20S/(20S+20R) C29 sterane ratios, and vitrinite reflectance values indicate that organic matter is in the mid‐ to late‐ mature (oil) stage with respect to hydrocarbon generation. Sedimentological and geochemical redox proxies suggest that the black shales were deposited in periodically oxic‐dysoxic and anoxic bottom waters with episodic oxic conditions, explaining the relatively low TOC values. The Rock‐Eval parameters indicate that the analysed mudrocks have a limited shale‐gas potential. However, burial and thermal history modelling, and VRr data from other wells in the region, indicate that where they are more deeply‐buried, the Bowland‐Hodder shales will be within the gas window with VRr > 1.1 % at depths in excess of 2000 m. Therefore although no direct evidence for a high shale‐gas potential in the Cleveland Basin has been found, this cannot be precluded at greater depths especially if deeper horizons are more organic rich.  相似文献   

18.
中扬子地区当阳复向斜中生代以来的构造抬升和热史重建   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
综合运用锆石及磷灰石裂变径迹、镜质体反射率资料以及盆地模拟技术对中扬子地区当阳复向斜中生代以来的构造抬升和古地温演化进行了研究和重建。砂岩样品的锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹表观年龄分别为107~126 Ma和9.8~54 Ma,分别反映早白垩世燕山期、始新世至中新世喜马拉雅期的两次重要构造抬升及剥蚀冷却事件。侏罗系与白垩系、古近系与新近系之间的不整合面上、下镜质体反射率错开现象以及现今地表镜质体反射率异常偏高,也证实了两次抬升剥蚀冷却事件的存在。研究表明,区内当深3井和建阳1井的上三叠统-下侏罗统在早白垩世早期(约137 Ma)达到最大古地温190~210℃,造成锆石裂变径迹退火,至早白垩世末 晚白垩世初(约97 Ma)剥蚀冷却至近地表20~40℃;晚白垩世至古近纪沉积使该套地层又一次埋深增温至140~165℃,造成磷灰石裂变径迹完全退火;喜马拉雅期再次构造抬升及剥蚀冷却至现今70~90℃。研究区古近系经历的最高古地温为100~120℃和现今40~50℃。研究区中生代古热流相对稳定,热流值相对较低为53.5 mW/m2;晚白垩世古热流逐渐增大,古近纪达到最高59 mW/m2;其古地温梯度分别为中生代36.3~43.0 ℃/km和新生代30.2~37.8℃/km,现今降低至28.9℃/km。早白垩世和始新世至中新世的最大剥蚀厚度分别约为4800 m和2400 m,由此可认为,当阳复向斜应该存在较大厚度的侏罗系,最大厚度可能达5000 m。  相似文献   

19.
张隽 《石油实验地质》2017,39(3):417-422
镜质体反射率是评价烃源岩有机质成熟度的主要指标之一,已有研究表明,镜质体反射率(Ro)除受控于有机质热演化程度外,还受烃源岩有机质类型等因素的影响,镜质体富氢程度制约镜质体反射率的抑制程度,影响了Ro测值的准确性。多组分荧光变化(FAMM)技术可有效解决镜质体反射率的抑制问题。利用FAMM技术和镜质体反射率分析方法,对取自东海盆地西湖凹陷9口钻井的10件平湖组烃源岩样品进行了成熟度分析,结果显示样品的镜质体反射率存在不同程度的抑制,抑制校正值介于0.01%~0.25%,个别样品稍有增强现象。根据FAMM分析结果,以TWT1井为例,厘定了该井区平湖组烃源岩的成熟度,认为TWT1井区平湖组烃源岩的现今成熟度应处于0.90%~1.41%,而不是实测镜质体反射率分析结果显示的0.77%~1.21%。研究结果有助于合理评价平湖组烃源岩生烃潜力及油气资源潜力。  相似文献   

20.
苏北盆地金湖凹陷戴南组成岩阶段划分及其油气地质意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用显微薄片、扫描电镜、X-衍射、包裹体测温等分析化验资料,根据镜质体反射率、埋藏史曲线、粘土矿物变化特征以及各种成岩现象和标志,综合划分和确定了金湖凹陷戴南组碎屑岩储层的成岩阶段。戴南组大部分处于中成岩A阶段,少量为早成岩B和中成岩B阶段。与成岩阶段相对应,戴南组储层孔隙类型也经历了从原生到次生的演化阶段,目前戴南组大部分以次生孔隙为主,保存少量原生孔隙。根据成岩阶段和孔隙演化进一步预测新庄1井区和天X77井、关X2井等井区为有利储层发育带。另外,根据成岩阶段的划分结果,反过来预测大部分地区下伏阜宁组有机质处于成熟阶段,是戴南组有利的油气来源,并推断秦X2、天X75、天X92等井区戴南组早期经历了大的构造抬升运动和较强的剥蚀作用。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号