共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) is a renewable resource polymer derived from plant sugars with several commercial applications. Broader implementation of the material is limited due to its inherent brittleness. We show that the addition of 5 wt % castor oil to PLLA significantly enhances the overall tensile toughness with minimal reductions in the modulus and no plasticization of the PLLA matrix. In addition, we used poly(ricinoleic acid)-PLLA diblock copolymers, synthesized entirely from renewable resources, as compatibilizers for the PLLA/castor oil blends. Ricinoleic acid, the majority fatty acid comprising castor oil, was polymerized through a lipase-catalyzed condensation reaction. The resulting polymers contained a hydroxyl end-group that was subsequently used to initiate the ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide. The binary PLLA/castor oil blend exhibited a tensile toughness seven times greater than neat PLLA. The addition of block copolymer allowed for control over the morphology of the blends, and even further improvement in the tensile toughness was realized-an order of magnitude larger than that of neat PLLA. 相似文献
2.
3.
A series of potassium titanate whiskers (PTW) filled castor oil-based polyurethane (PU)/epoxy resin (EP) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) composites were prepared. The damping properties, thermal stability as well as tensile strength of the IPN composites were studied systematically in terms of composition. Results revealed that the addition of PTW can significantly improve the damping properties of pure PU/EP IPN and can improve the thermal decomposition temperature. Tensile tests showed that the tensile strength of the IPN composites was improved after the incorporation of PTW. It is expected that the PTW filled IPN composites may be used as structural damping materials. 相似文献
4.
5.
Polylactide, PLA, is a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester derived from biomass that has restricted packaging applications due to its high brittleness and poor crystallisation behaviour. Here, new formulations based on natural rubber–PLA blends have been developed. The processing windows, temperature, time, and rotor rate, and the rubber content have been optimised in order to obtain a blend with useful properties. The rubber phase was uniformly dispersed in the continuous PLA matrix with a droplet size range from 1.1 to 2.0 μm. The ductility of PLA has been significantly improved by blending with natural rubber, NR. The elongation at break improved from 5% for neat PLA to 200% by adding 10 wt% NR. In addition, the incorporation of NR not only increased the crystallisation rate but also enhanced the crystallisation ability of PLA. These materials are, therefore, very promising for industrial applications. 相似文献
6.
7.
Three novel organic–inorganic hybrid molecules, layered zirconium phosphates or phosphonates, were synthesized. To study the effects of organic chain length of them on the structure and properties of polymer nanocomposites, the polyurethane/α-zirconium phosphate (PU/ZrP), polyurethane/zirconium 2-aminoethylphosphonate (PU/ZrAEP) and polyurethane/zirconium 2-(2-(2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino)ethylamino) ethylphosphonate (PU/Zr(AE)4P) nanocomposites were prepared, and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tensile testing. It was revealed that morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of these nanocomposites were strongly dependent on the organic chain length of the layered zirconium phosphonates. The results showed that the fillers with longer chain length exhibited better dispersion in the PU matrix. As expected, the mechanical properties and water resistance were improved with the increasing of organic chain length of fillers, which attributed to better interfacial adhesion between fillers and PU matrix. 相似文献
8.
9.
Birzabith Mendoza-Novelo Diego I. Alvarado-Castro José L. Mata-Mata Juan V. Cauich-Rodríguez Arturo Vega-González Eduardo Jorge-Herrero Francisco J. Rojo Gustavo V. Guinea 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2013,33(4):2392-2398
The present study investigates the potential use of non-catalyzed water-soluble blocked polyurethane prepolymer (PUP) as a bifunctional cross-linker for collagenous scaffolds. The effect of concentration (5, 10, 15 and 20%), time (4, 6, 12 and 24 h), medium volume (50, 100, 200 and 300%) and pH (7.4, 8.2, 9 and 10) over stability, microstructure and tensile mechanical behavior of acellular pericardial matrix was studied. The cross-linking index increased up to 81% while the denaturation temperature increased up to 12 °C after PUP crosslinking. PUP-treated scaffold resisted the collagenase degradation (0.167 ± 0.14 mmol/g of liberated amine groups vs. 598 ± 60 mmol/g for non-cross-linked matrix). The collagen fiber network was coated with PUP while viscoelastic properties were altered after cross-linking. The treatment of the pericardial scaffold with PUP allows (i) different densities of cross-linking depending of the process parameters and (ii) tensile properties similar to glutaraldehyde method. 相似文献
10.
采用热处理还原银盐原位引入银粒子的方法, 成功制备了天然石墨-纳米银/聚氨酯(C-Ag/PU)导电复合薄膜。并通过透射电镜(TEM)、 扫描电镜(SEM)观察了该复合薄膜的微观结构, 用X射线衍射仪(XRD)跟踪了银的还原和银粒子的生长过程, 探讨了加热温度和加热时间对银还原过程的影响, 研究了纳米银的生成和聚集对C/PU复合体系导电性能的影响。结果表明, 随着热处理的进行, 银粒子不断地生成和聚集, 最终以纳米尺寸(约10nm)均匀分散在聚合物基体中。纳米银粒子在天然石墨粒子之间起到了桥梁的作用, 改善了复合体系的导电通路, 显著提高了复合体系的导电性。 相似文献
11.
12.
The aim of this work was to study the influence of the concentration and molecular weight of poly(DL-lactide) (PLA) on the characteristics and in vivo biological activity of protein-loaded microspheres. At the same time, an attempt was made to achieve further optimization of the formulation. In the study, insulin was chosen as a model of protein drugs. Nine formulations of injectable insulin-loaded PLA microspheres were prepared using an emulsification and solvent evaporation process according to a factorial design. The trapping efficiency, drug loading, and the drop percentages of blood glucose levels at 24 hr and 72 hr in mice were used to evaluate the formulations. The results showed that PLA molecular weight and, especially, PLA concentration exerted influences on the characteristics and in vivo biological activity of insulin-loaded microspheres. The drug-trapping efficiency increased with the increase of the polymer concentration. The drug loading decreased with the increase of the polymer concentration and was not obviously affected by PLA molecular weight. The drop percentage of blood glucose level at 24 hr increased with the increase of polymer concentration and molecular weight. At 72 hr, the drop percentages of blood glucose levels were slightly increased with the increase of PLA concentration and then significantly decreased after the PLA concentration was above 150 mg/ml. An optimized formulation was prepared with PLA-10k at a concentration of 200 mg/ml. The experimental values of the response variables were close to the predicted values. The results suggest that the in vivo release behavior should be taken into consideration in the design of protein-loaded PLA microspheres. 相似文献
13.
In this study polylactide (PLA)/perlite and PLA/montmorillonite (MMT) composites were prepared by melt extrusion and solvent
dissolution methods. The effects of organic/inorganic ratios and the kind of inorganic compounds on the characterization of
the composite materials were investigated. The thermal stability of the organic–inorganic composite materials was evaluated
by TGA and DSC, and the morphology of these composites was measured as SEM images. The modulus of elasticity was evaluated
by Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The PLA/inorganic composites exhibited remarkable improvement of mechanical and thermal
properties when compared with those of the pure PLA. 相似文献
14.
15.
聚乳酸/蒙脱石纳米复合材料的制备与表征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对纳基蒙脱石(MMT)有机改性后,采用溶液插层薄膜塑造工艺制备蒙脱石/聚乳酸(PLA)纳米复合物,采用X-Ray粉晶衍射(XRD)、综合热分析(TGA&DSC)、红外吸收光谱(IR)等方法对复合材料进行表征,讨论了蒙脱石对插层结果的影响.结果表明,PLA能够插入MMT层间;MMT的层间距由1.40nm增大到2.16nm;复合材料的热稳定性能得到改善. 相似文献
16.
以壳聚糖、聚乳酸、聚(R)-3-羟基丁酸甲酯等为主要成膜物质,用流延法制得新型薄膜材料。研究表明,当壳聚糖∶明胶∶聚乳酸为1∶1∶1时,得到膜的抗拉强度比其他的可生物降解膜都大,达到27.346MPa;当壳聚糖∶明胶∶聚(R)-3-羟基丁酸甲酯为1∶1∶1时,其抗拉强度达到24.363Mpa,防漏性能达到80h。经模拟体内降解研究,在人工脑脊液的环境中浸置44d后,降解率分别为20%左右,降解速度较慢,可以保持其结构6~7周,有利于引导组织再生材料的基本要求。因此该复合膜有望成为医用可生物降解人工硬脑膜。 相似文献
17.
采用2,2,6,6?四甲基哌啶?1?氧自由基(TEMPO)氧化法制备了不同羧基含量的纳米纤维素(CNF),并将其用作碳纳米管(CNTs)的分散剂,通过超声、离心处理制备出稳定均一的CNF?CNTs分散液,然后通过朗伯?比尔定律测定CNF?CNTs分散液中CNTs的浓度,研究了不同CNF羧基含量对CNTs的分散效果。此外,利用静电纺丝法制备出柔性、多孔的热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)薄膜作为基体,以CNF?CNTs分散液作为导电填料,通过真空抽滤法将CNF?CNTs负载于TPU多孔膜上,制备出CNF?CNTs/TPU复合薄膜,并探究了不同CNF羧基含量对CNF?CNTs/TPU复合薄膜应变响应性能的影响规律。结果表明,羧基含量对CNF的分散性能具有重要影响。随着CNF羧基含量的提高,CNF对CNTs分散效果越好,CNF?CNTs/TPU复合薄膜具有更大的应变响应范围。当CNF羧基含量为1.698 mmol/g时,CNF?CNTs/TPU复合薄膜的应变响应范围高达507%,灵敏度系数为335,表现出优异的应变响应性能。 相似文献
18.
纳米TiO2/聚乳酸复合材料的制备和表征 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用原位聚合的方法制备了有机化处理过的纳米 TiO 2粒子质量分数分别为 1 wt %、3 wt %、5 wt %和10 wt %的 4种纳米 TiO 2/聚乳酸复合材料。SEM结果表明 , 当纳米 TiO 2粒子质量分数较低时 , 纳米 TiO 2在聚乳酸基体中呈现均匀稳定分散 , 而质量分数较高时则发生团聚。通过力学和热学等性能测试发现复合材料的最大热分解温度、 玻璃化转变温度和力学性能相对于聚乳酸有较大幅度提高 , 其中纳米 TiO 2的质量分数为 3 wt %时改善效果最明显 , 其最大热分解温度、 玻璃化转变温度分别比聚乳酸提高了 25. 3℃和 4. 9℃, 拉伸强度、 断裂伸长率和弹性模量分别提高了 83. 6 %、 6. 73 %和 129. 4 %。 相似文献
19.
为了更充分地了解微量水对聚氨酯预聚反应及预聚体结构的影响,用一步法首先合成了聚氨酯初始预聚体,然后研究了微量水及扩链温度等对聚氨酯预聚体的特性粘数、在THF中的溶解性和分子量分布等的影响,采用FT-IR对水扩链预聚体的聚集态结构进行了初步的研究。研究结果表明,水和—NCO基团反应生成聚脲结构,表现在聚氨酯硬段间的氢键作用增强,而硬段与软段间的氢键作用力减弱。微量水的存在可以对聚氨酯预聚体起到扩链作用,但随水量的增加预聚体会生成交联结构,产生不溶性凝胶。聚合温度的提高会加速聚脲结构的形成。 相似文献
20.
将凹凸棒土(AT)进行提纯和有机改性后, 采用原位聚合法制备了OAT质量分数为1%、 3%、 5%的纳米凹凸棒土/聚乳酸复合材料(OAT/PLA-x)。采用红外、 扫描电镜、 X射线衍射等对复合材料进行了表征, SEM结果表明, 凹凸棒土粒子在复合材料中实现了均匀稳定分散。复合材料的力学性能和综合热性能测试表明: OAT/PLA-3复合材料的拉伸强度、 弹性模量分别比纯PLA增加98.6%和130.0%; 复合材料的热稳定性明显提高。同时, 复合材料的溶液降解速率也明显加快。 相似文献