几种典型耐海水钢耐点蚀性能的比较

选择了三种典型的耐海水腐蚀钢,在pH为10的3%(wt.%)NaCl溶液中进行了极化试验,比较了钢的点蚀诱发敏感性;在3%(wt.%)海盐水和人造海水中分别进行了间浸挂片试验和模拟闭塞腐蚀电池试验,评价了钢的点蚀扩展速度;利用金相显微镜、电子探针(EPMA)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了钢中夹杂物、腐蚀形貌和锈层的特征。结果表明,Ni-Cu-P钢的点蚀诱发敏感性比Cr-Cu-Ni钢强,Cr-Cu-P钢最弱。在相同条件下,Cr-Cu-P和Cr-Cu-Ni钢的点蚀扩展速度接近,但都明显大于Ni-Cu-P钢。四种钢的内锈层主要组成均为Fe3O4、α-FeOOH和和少量的非晶化合物,但Cr-Cu-P和Cr-Cu-Ni钢的内锈层明显比Ni-Cu-P钢致密。在酸化的蚀坑内,Cr可降低钢基体的电位,从而促进蚀坑的扩展;而Ni的添加则提高钢基体的电位,从而有助于降低钢的点蚀扩展速度。     

Ni-Cu-P钢在海水中的耐点蚀性能分析

研究了Ni-Cu-P钢、含铜量相对低的合金钢和普通碳钢在海水中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,铜元素能够减缓合金的腐蚀速率,所以Ni-Cu-P钢的耐腐蚀性能最好。Ni-Cu-P钢的组织更为密实,这是因为其蚀坑中有铜元素的富集。     

Ni-Cu-P和316L在含盐酸高温流体中冲蚀行为

用质量损失法系统研究Ni-Cu-P及316L不锈钢在含盐酸高温流体中的冲蚀行为。结果表明:Ni-Cu-P和316L在单向流(20%HCl溶液)和两相流(20%HCl溶液+20g/L黄砂)中的冲蚀速率均随流体温度的升高而增大;在353K单相流和两相流中,316L冲蚀速率均为Ni-Cu-P的10倍左右。盐酸浓度对Ni-Cu-P和316L冲蚀速率的影响较温度小。Ni-Cu-P在单向流和两相流中冲蚀机制分别为均匀腐蚀和均匀腐蚀+微切削。316L不锈钢在298K单相流和两相流中冲蚀机制分别为轻微选择性腐蚀和轻微选择性腐蚀+微切削,表面为富Cr钝化膜;而在323～353K,其冲蚀机制分别为选择性腐蚀和选择性腐蚀+微切削,表面为富Mo和Ni的钝化膜。     

热处理对中温酸性化学镀Ni-Cu-P合金性能影响研究

采用中温酸性化学镀在Q235B钢基体上制备了Ni-Cu-P非晶态合金镀层,研究了热处理温度对镀层结构、硬度及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:随热处理温度升高,Ni-Cu-P合金镀层由非晶态结构向晶态结构转变;合金镀层的硬度随热处理温度升高先增加后降低;合金镀层经300℃热处理1 h后耐蚀性提高。     

高温酸性溶液中316L不锈钢/Ni-Cu-P镀层的耐蚀性能（英文）

为了改善316L不锈钢在高温酸性溶液中的耐蚀性,采用化学镀技术在316L不锈钢表面沉积高铜高磷Ni-Cu-P镀层。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对其结构进行分析,利用极化曲线、阻抗谱(EIS)及浸泡腐蚀试验对其在高温酸性溶液中的耐蚀性进行研究。结果表明,Ni-Cu-P镀层由铜含量分别为19.98%和39.17%(质量分数)两种类型的胞状组织组成;在高温酸性溶液中,这种新型Ni-Cu-P镀层可显著改善316L不锈钢的耐蚀性;镀态镀层的耐蚀性优于热处理态的;镀态镀层和经673K热处理镀层的腐蚀机制是选择性腐蚀,而经773和873K热处理镀层的腐蚀机制为点腐蚀。     

质子交换膜燃料电池双极板化学镀Ni-Cu-P表面改性

针对不锈钢作为燃料电池双极板存在的接触电阻高等问题,通过化学镀Ni-Cu-P对其进行表面改性,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)分析、界面接触电阻测试和模拟燃料电池环境腐蚀性能试验等方法,研究了表面改性对不锈钢双极板性能的影响。结果表明,经过化学镀Ni-Cu-P处理的双极板接触电阻大为降低,并且在模拟质子交换膜电池腐蚀环境下耐腐蚀性能得到较大提高。     

人造海水温度对Ni-P和Ni-Cu-P合金镀层电化学行为的影响

采用化学镀技术在碳钢表面制备Ni-P和Ni-Cu-P镀层,通过电化学方法评定Ni-P和Ni-Cu-P镀层在人造海水中的耐蚀性。结果表明:非晶Ni-P和Ni-Cu-P、纳米晶Ni-Cu-P镀层的腐蚀电流密度均随着人造海水温度升高而增大,而阻抗值则减小;共沉积Cu有利于改善非晶Ni-P镀层的耐蚀性,但改善效果随着人造海水温度的升高而减小;400℃热处理可显著改善Ni-Cu-P镀层在人造海水中的耐蚀性,在80℃的人造海水中,热处理Ni-Cu-P镀层的腐蚀电流密度较镀态Ni-Cu-P镀层的低一个数量级。     

Cu~(2+)浓度对Ni-Cu-P化学镀层耐蚀性能的影响

为提高镀件的耐蚀性,采用化学沉积的方法在Q235B钢样沉积Ni-Cu-P镀层。利用维氏硬度仪、SEM、EDS及Autolab电化学工作站分析了Cu~(2+)浓度对Ni-Cu-P合金镀层成分、微观形貌及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:CuSO_4浓度在0. 4 g/L左右时,Ni-Cu-P合金镀层的耐蚀性最好。     

Ni-Cu-P镀层和316L不锈钢在热盐酸溶液中的耐蚀性及机制

采用质量损失法研究了温度和浓度对化学镀Ni-Cu-P镀层和316L不锈钢在盐酸溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,在高温盐酸溶液中,Ni-Cu-P镀层的耐蚀性优于316L不锈钢,盐酸浓度对316L不锈钢腐蚀速率的影响大于Ni-Cu-P镀层,盐酸浓度由5％升高到20％,316L不锈钢和Ni-Cu-P镀层的腐蚀速率分别增大了2.7倍和0.6倍;在盐酸溶液中,Ni-Cu-P镀层发生均匀腐蚀,316L不锈钢发生选择性腐蚀,且温度和浓度越高,选择性腐蚀越严重.     

化学镀Ni-P和Ni-Cu-P合金耐蚀性研究

研究了硫酸铜加入量对化学镀Ni-Cu-P合金的镀层成分、组织及热稳定性影响,用中性盐雾实验和在20%H2SO4+20 g/LAl2O3溶液中的冲刷腐蚀实验研究了Ni-P与Ni-Cu-P合金的耐蚀性和耐冲刷腐蚀性能.结果表明,Ni-Cu-P合金镀层具有比Ni-P合金镀层更好的热稳定性、耐蚀性和耐冲刷腐蚀性能.     

��֯�ṹ�Ա�����ֵ��͸�ʴ����Ӱ��

 通过周期性浸润腐蚀试验,研究了组织结构对贝氏体高强钢的耐腐蚀性能的影响。贝氏体高强钢和其退火试样的失重数据表明,贝氏体组织的耐腐蚀性能略优于铁素体和珠光体组织。运用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等分析测试手段对耐蚀机制进行了研究,发现两种试样均存在较致密的内锈层和疏松外锈层。两种试样的锈层成分主要是稳定的α-FeOOH和少量的γ-FeOOH组成。贝氏体组织的高强钢的锈层晶体更细小,均匀的组织结构有利于增强钢的耐腐蚀性能。     

Corrosion resistance and corrosion behavior of high-copper-bearing steel in marine environments

Thus far, research on the corrosion resistance of copper-containing steel has been limited to Cu content of less than 1%, and the corrosion resistance of antibacterial Cu-containing steel with Cu content above 3% has not been reported. In this study, 0Cu3 carbon steel (CS), 0Cr15Cu3 stainless steel (SS), and Q345 CS were investigated. The corrosion resistance and corrosive behavior of high-copper (high-Cu)-bearing steel in a marine environment were examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization. Coupon test results showed that the Cu in the 0Cr15Cu3 SS and 0Cu3 CS can promote the formation of stable α-FeOOH from γ-FeOOH in the outer rust layers, and make the rust layers more thick and dense. In the electrochemical experiment, the impedance loop diameters and R_ct values of the 0Cr15Cu3 SS and 0Cu3 CS were higher than those of Q345, while the I_corr was less than that of Q345, which indicates that the anticorrosion property of these two types of high-Cu-bearing steel was higher than that of Q345. The aim of this study was to define the properties of corrosion resistance and corrosive behavior in high-Cu-bearing steels to promote their application in marine engineering.     

Corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of low-alloy steels under atmospheric conditions

The corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of four newly developed low-alloy steels (LAS) were compared with a carbon steel (SS400) and a weathering steel (Acr-Ten A) using a laboratory-accelerated test that involved cyclic wet/dry conditions in a chloride environment (5 wt.% NaCl). The new LAS were designated 1605A, 1605B, 1604A, and 1604B. After 72 cycles of cyclic corrosion tests, the susceptibility of the steels to corrosion could be listed in the following order based on their weight loss (from high to low): SS400 > Acr-Ten A > 1604B ? 1604A > 1605B ? 1605A. The change in mechanical properties by corrosion was the least for SS400, Acr-Ten A was second, and effects of corrosion on the mechanical properties of the other four low-alloy steels were similar. Finally, the characteristics of the rust layers on each LAS sample were observed by SEM, and analyzed by FTIR and EPMA. The results indicated that most of the rust layers on the test steels were composed of a loose outer rust layer and a dense inner rust layer. The outer rust layer of each steel was composed of α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, magnetite (Fe₃O₄), H₂O, and amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide (FeO_x(OH)_3−2x, x=0-1), while the inner rust layer was composed mainly of Fe₃O₄ with a little α-FeOOH. In addition, it was apparent that the copper and chromium alloying additions were enriched, respectively, at the rust-layer/substrate interface and in the rust layers. Finally, combining the results of the accelerated tests and the rust layer analysis showed that low-alloy steels, such as 1605A and 1605B, have better weathering steel properties than Acr-Ten A for use in the humid and salty weather.     

The corrosion resistance of ultra-low carbon bainitic steel

The corrosion resistance of ultra-low carbon bainitic (ULCB) steel was compared with a weathering steel 09CuPCrNi through accelerated corrosion tests. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance was almost the same for ULCB and 09CuPCrNi based on the weight loss. It can be seen that the grain refinement did not deteriorate corrosion resistance property. The homogeneous microstructure, lower carbon content and random distributing ∑3 boundary could effectively increase the corrosion resistance of the ULCB steel. The characteristics of the rust layers indicated that the inner rust layer contained nanocrystalline Fe_3−xO₄ particles, while copper and chromium alloying additions were enriched at the rust layer and substrate interface in ULCB steel. These factors played important roles in forming a compact protective rust layer.     

Cu,P,Cr 和 Ni 对低碳钢耐蚀性的影响简

选择Cu-P-Cr-Ni钢、Cu-P-Cr钢和Q235碳钢,在0.01 mol/L的NaHSO3溶液中进行周期浸润、阻抗谱和极化曲线实验,研究了Cu-P-Cr-Ni系合金钢相比Q235碳钢在模拟工业大气(SO2)环境下的耐腐蚀性能;利用SEM,EPMA面扫描和XRD分析腐蚀锈层的形貌、组成及Cu,Cr和Ni的元素分布情况。结果表明:Cu-P-Cr-Ni系钢的腐蚀诱发敏感性最低,其次为Cu-P-Cr钢,腐蚀速率分别为Q235碳钢的59.5%和52.8%;锈层分为内、外两层,致密的内锈层明显发生Cu的颗粒状、Cr的团聚状富集,外锈层主要有Cr的富集,Ni富集不明显。Cu和Cr等的富集可形成致密的内锈层,提高低碳钢的耐蚀性。     

A study of the evolution of rust on Mo–Cu-bearing fire-resistant steel submitted to simulated atmospheric corrosion

The corrosion evolution of a Mo–Cu-bearing fire-resistant steel in a simulated industrial atmosphere was investigated by corrosion weight gain, XRD, EPMA, XPS, and polarization curves. The results indicate that the corrosion kinetics is closely related to the rust composition and electrochemical properties. As the corrosion proceeds, the relative content of γ-FeOOH and Fe₃O₄ decreases and α-FeOOH increases, and the rust layer becomes compact and adherent to steel substrate. Molybdenum and copper enrich in the inner rust layer, especially at the bottom of the corrosion nest, forming non-soluble molybdate and Cu(I)-bearing compounds responsible for enhanced corrosion resistance of the rust layer.     

Cu、Mn的协同作用对低合金钢在模拟海洋大气环境中腐蚀的影响

    用增重法、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、电子探针和X射线光电子能谱等手段研究了在模拟海洋大气干湿交替环境下16Mn钢和Cu-Mn耐候钢的腐蚀行为及Cu、Mn共添加对低合金钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明：Cu-Mn耐候钢的腐蚀速率低于16Mn钢,其锈层更致密;两种钢的铁锈均由Fe₃O₄,α-FeOOH,β-FeOOH,γ-FeOOH和大量无定形相组成;添加Cu使Fe₃O₄含量增加,添加Mn使γ-FeOOH含量减少;Cu在Cu-Mn耐候钢锈层中以CuFeO₂存在;Mn在两种钢锈蚀初期以MnO存在,后期为Mn₃O₄.Cu、Mn的协同作用使Cu-Mn耐候钢抗大气腐蚀性能优于16Mn钢.     

低碳贝氏体钢在青岛曝晒一年的锈层力学性能和抗热震性能研究

研究了低碳贝氏体钢在青岛曝晒一年后表面锈层的相组成、形貌、力学性能以及抗热震性能.结果表明:锈层由α-FeOOH、β-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、Fe3O4以及非晶相组成;锈层的表面和截面形貌显示锈层较为致密,合金元素Cr和Cu在锈层中接近钢基体处有明显的富集现象;锈层的弹性模量和硬度随距锈层/钢基体界面的距离增大而降低;锈层/钢基体的结合强度和抗热震能力均高于锈层本身.     

耐大气腐蚀钢及其腐蚀产物的研究概况

本文介绍了耐候钢的发展,国内外使用及研究的情况,概述了合金元素对耐候钢耐蚀性能的影响及作用机理,并对腐蚀产物的组成及腐蚀产物锈层转化及演变的过程、机制进行了分析,对今后耐候钢的发展趋势提出了展望。     

Corrosion Behavior of Low-C Medium-Mn Steel in Simulated Marine Immersion and Splash Zone Environment

The corrosion behavior of low-C medium-Mn steel in simulated marine immersion and splash zone environment was studied by static immersion corrosion experiment and wet-dry cyclic corrosion experiment, respectively. Corrosion rate, corrosion products, surface morphology, cross-sectional morphology, elemental distribution, potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectra were used to elucidate the corrosion behavior of low-C medium-Mn steel. The results show that corrosion rate in immersion zone is much less than that in splash zone owing to its relatively mild environment. Manganese compounds are detected in the corrosion products and only appeared in splash zone environment, which can deteriorate the protective effect of rust layer. With the extension of exposure time, corrosion products are gradually transformed into dense and thick corrosion rust from the loose and porous one in these two environments. But in splash zone environment, alloying elements of Mn appear significant enrichment in the rust layer, which decrease the corrosion resistance of the steel.