Fe-C-Cr-Mn亚稳奥氏体基铸造合金的摩擦磨损表层特性

研究了Fe-1.85C-8.03Cr-3.55Mn亚稳奥氏体基铸造合金的摩擦磨损表层特性，在较低的摩擦应力作用下，表层即可应变诱发α和ε马氏体。马氏体转变量随奥氏体形变量增加而增大，硬度也提高。由原奥氏体引起的表面硬度提高的原因：α和ε马氏体的形成；产生大量的位错和层错。在滑动磨损试验时，该合金的耐磨性高于25%Cr马氏体基白口铸铁。     

Fe—C—Cr—Ni亚称奥氏体基合金的摩擦磨损表层特性

对Ｆｅ－１，９Ｃ－１６．５Ｃｒ－２．６Ｎｉ亚稳奥氏体基合金在不同试验条件下的摩擦磨损表面研究表明，在较低的摩擦应力作用下，表层即可应变诱发α′和ε马体体。马氏体转变量随原奥氏体形变量增加而增大，硬度也增高。由原奥氏体引起的表面硬度提高的原因：（１）α′和ε马氏体的形成；（２）产生大量的位错和层错。在滑动磨损试验时，该合金的耐磨性高于２５％Ｃｒ-马氏体基白口铸铁。     

Fe-C-Cr-Ni亚稳奥氏体基合金的摩擦磨损表层特性

对Fe－1．9C－16．5Cr－2．6Ni亚稳奥氏体基合金在不同试验条件下的摩擦磨损表层研究表明，在较低的摩擦应力作用下，表层即可应变诱发α’和ε马氏体。马氏体转变量随原奥氏体形变量增加而增大，硬度也增高。由原奥氏体引起的表面硬度提高的原因：（1）α’和ε马氏体的形成；（2）产生大量的位错和层错。在滑动磨损试验时，该合金的耐磨性高于25％Cr马氏体基白口铸铁。     

Fe-Mn-Si形状记忆合金的摩擦磨损特性

制备了铁基形状记忆合金Fe-17Mn-5Si-10Cr-5Ni，通过磨损试验、XRD分析、SEM观察等研究了该合金在干摩擦和油摩擦下的摩擦磨损特性，并和高锰钢的耐磨性进行了对比。研究表明，在干摩擦条件下，该合金呈典型粘着磨损特征，磨损表面没有ε马氏体，其耐磨性较差，低于高锰钢；在油摩擦条件下，该合金呈磨粒磨损特征，磨损表面存在较多的ε马氏体，耐磨性较好，高于高锰钢；Fe-17Mn-5Si-10Cr-5Ni形状记忆合金油摩擦时耐磨性好的主要原因在于摩擦过程中的应力诱发γ→ε马氏体相变。     

纳微米硼酸盐添加剂与硫系添加剂复配的摩擦学性能研究

本文研究了纳微米硼酸盐添加剂（简称MB添加剂，下同）与SO复配体系的协同效应及其作用机理。结果表明：MB添加剂与SO复配体系的极压抗磨性具有协同效应。当WMB=0.40%时，极压抗磨性最好；摩擦改进剂ASBT对上述复配体系的抗磨性有较大改善。当WASBT－0．10－0．15％时，复配体系的抗磨性最好。在MB添加剂与SO复配体系油润滑条件下，摩擦表面生成了含元素C、S、B和N复杂摩擦化学反应膜；摩擦改进剂ASBT的加入，改变了摩擦化学反应膜的化学组成和摩擦表面形貌，提高了以应膜的承载能力和耐磨性。     

铜-10%石墨合金的载流摩擦磨损性能

为提高铜基合金的载流摩擦磨损性能,采用粉末冶金方法制备了含10%石墨的铜基合金,并在自制的销盘式载流摩擦磨损试验机上进行了不同电流和滑动速度下的摩擦磨损试验.结果表明:与不含石墨的铜合金相比较,在不同电流和滑动速度下,加入10%石墨铜合金的摩擦因数和磨损率均降低,耐磨性能明显提高,摩擦因数稳定.     

含石墨转移层对铜－二氧化硅／ 钢摩擦磨损行为的影响

为探讨干摩擦磨损条件下含石墨转移层对摩擦磨损性能的影响,在45#钢表面覆盖含石墨润滑层,通过干滑动磨损试验,研究含石墨润滑层对钢/铜-二氧化硅摩擦副摩擦因数、磨损量及摩擦损（亚）表面的影响。结果表明：与无石墨润滑层的45#钢相比,含石墨润滑层的45#钢的摩擦因数、磨损率明显下降,且干滑动试验后磨损表面相对光滑平整,表明含石墨摩擦层起到了减摩降磨作用,抑制了金属的直接接触。     

化学镀Ni—B合金与有机钼对金属基体的双重保护

采用表面镀层和润滑油中加入某些添加剂，使两者产生协同效应，是减少相对运动的零件表面间摩擦磨损的一项有效措施，本文研究了Ｎｉ－Ｂ合金镀层与油溶性有机钼的联系及摩擦磨损机理，摩擦磨损实验结果表明，Ｎｉ－Ｂ合金镀层与油溶性有机钼（ＭｏＤＴＰ）有良好的协同效应，可大幅度提高运动副的减摩性和耐磨性，如Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层经４０℃热处理，油中加ＭｏＤＴＰ比４５钢基础油润滑下，耐磨性提高１２．８倍，摩擦系数降低５４     

仿6044B与聚合添加剂的复合试验研究

在46#润滑油中加入聚合膜单体、极压剂仿6044B不仅可以在摩擦过程中的摩擦表面形成原位聚合膜，提高对磨表面的抗胶合、抗疲劳能力，而且还能明显地降低摩擦和磨损，FRLIR表明，生成物中有S＝0键。实验结果表明：优选极压剂仿6044B的最佳添加剂配方，以3％仿6044B与聚合添加剂复配为最佳，PB值提高1．73倍达1244．8N，PD值提高1．88倍达2940N。     

不同磨损介质下铜锌铝形状记忆合金滚动磨损性能与磨损机制研究

研究了3种成分铜锌铝形状记忆合金在不同磨损介质下的滚动磨损性能，用扫描电镜对磨损表面进行了观察，分析了不同介质下合金失重机制。结果表明：油润滑条件下，不同相变温度的合金耐磨性有差异，马氏体相合金比β相合金耐磨，其失重机制主要为磨粒磨损；在酸、碱条件下，合金的相变温度对舍金的耐磨性几乎没有影响，原因在于酸、碱破坏了合金磨损表面的组织，使其不能发挥形状记忆合金所具有的应力诱发马氏体相变和马氏体的择优取向的特性，其磨损失重机制主要为粘着磨损和腐蚀磨损。     

Investigation of abrasive wear resistance and wear mechanism of composite alloys

The abrasive wear resistance of composite alloys comprising hard tungsten carbide and soft CuNiMn matrix under different wear conditions has been investigated and compared with CrMo cast iron. It was found that Yz-composite alloy with hard cast angular tungsten carbide has greater wear resistance than CrMo cast iron under two-body wear conditions, but lower resistance than Cr-Mo cast iron under three-body wear conditions. It was found that under three-body wear conditions selective wear of the matrix and digging or fragmentation of tungsten carbide particles dominate in Yz-composite alloy, and microcutting and deformed ploughing is dominant under two-body wear conditions. The abrasive wear resistance of composite alloys under two-body wear condition is independent of bulk hardness, but is closely related to the microhardness of tungsten carbide.     

Effects of Chromium Addition on Microstructure and Abrasion Resistance of Fe–B Cast Alloy

This research work studies the effects of chromium on microstructure and abrasion resistance of Fe–B cast alloy. The results show that eutectic boride changes from continuous network to less continuous and matrix changes from pearlite to martensite with the increase in chromium content in the alloy. Meanwhile, an increase in chromium addition in the alloy leads to an increase in the chromium content in M₂B-type boride because chromium can enter boride by substituting for iron in Fe₂B. Under two-body wear, Fe–B cast alloy exhibits excellent wear resistance. When alloys are tested against soft abrasive, chromium can markedly improve the wear resistance of Fe–B cast alloy, whereas excessive chromium can reduce the wear resistance. The wear resistance of Fe–B cast alloy increases first and then decreases with the increase in chromium. But when tested against hard abrasive, since the hardness of SiC is much higher than that of M₂B boride, an increase in chromium content marginally increases the wear resistance. Weight losses of Fe–B cast alloy increase with the increase in the load and exhibit the linear relationship.     

激光强化参数对40Cr钢表面组织及摩擦性能影响的研究

采用CO2横流式激光器对40Cr材料进行表面强化处理研究;使用S-360型扫描电镜观察激光硬化区金相组织及成分并观察金属表面磨损形貌;采用CHX-1超显微硬度计测量激光强化区断面的显微硬度;然后在MPX-2000盘销式摩擦磨损实验机上进行干摩擦和油润滑实验。结果表明:激光参数对表面硬度和硬化层深度有很大影响,较大的功率可使奥氏体转变充分而获得更多的马氏体,激光扫描速度越快,功率越大,显微硬度越高,硬化层越深;少量针状马氏体组织化引起表层强化,经激光硬化的表面其耐磨性可大大提高;40Cr在干摩擦条件下的平均磨损量是润滑时的5倍,40Cr和20MnSiV的磨损主要以磨粒磨损为主,同时也有粘着磨损。     

铁素体不锈钢激光熔覆层组织和性能研究

采用无碳合金粉末和低碳合金粉末对铁素体不锈钢进行激光表面熔覆处理,借助光学显微镜(Optical microscope,OM)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、能谱分析仪(Energy dispersive spectrometry,EDS)、X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffractometry,XRD)、显微硬度仪、摩擦磨损试验仪、电化学工作站对熔覆层显微组织、化学成分、硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性进行评价。结果表明,两种激光熔覆层均无裂纹、气孔等宏观缺陷,显微组织主要由等轴晶、包状晶、树枝晶和枝间共晶组成。无碳熔覆层与低碳熔覆层均含有α-Fe、Fe-Cr合金相、Cr单质相以及Cr_(9.1)Si_(0.9)、Fe_(9.7)Mo_(0.3)、Fe_(10.8)Ni、Fe_(19)Mn等金属间化合物。此外,低碳熔覆层还产生了间隙化合物Cr_7C_3以及马氏体相C_(0.055)Fe_(1.945)。低碳熔覆层硬度为750 HV0.5,显著高于母材硬度250 HV0.5;无碳熔覆层硬度为650 HV0.5,其热影响区发生软化。激光熔覆层相对于母材具有更为稳定的摩擦特性以及优异的耐磨性和耐蚀性,其中低碳熔覆层耐磨性和耐蚀性均优于无碳熔覆层。     

回火工艺对7Cr14V2铸钢组织与性能的影响

研究了回火工艺对7Cr14V2铸钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明：7Cr14V2铸钢的淬火组织为马氏体、共晶体和粒状碳化物,且粒状碳化物较多地分布在共晶体周围,物相主要由α-Fe、M7C3和M23C6组成;回火后具有二次硬化现象,且随回火次数增加,其耐磨粒磨损性能提高9％,耐冲击磨损性能提高18％。     

球墨铸铁摩擦副激光熔覆处理层摩擦磨损研究

采用激光熔覆技术在球墨铸铁表面制备了原位析出颗粒增强金属基复合材料表层.以激光强化的球墨铸铁为上试样、灰铸铁为下试样,进行了标准的SRV快速磨损试验.结果表明:熔覆层致密,冶金结合良好,与灰铸铁配副,磨损深度分别为0.84μm、1.79μm,摩擦系数在0.065-0.078内变化,摩擦系数随摩擦时间的增加呈逐渐降低的趋...     

Effect of bulk heat treatment and plasma surface hardening on the microstructure and erosion wear resistance of complex-alloyed cast irons with spheroidal vanadium carbides

The results of an investigation of the effect of bulk quenching from temperature in the range of 760–1050°C, cryogenic treatment (–196°C) and surface plasma hardening on the abrasive-erosion wear of frugally alloyed V–Cr–Mn–Ni cast irons with spheroidal vanadium carbides have been presented in this article. It has been found that cast irons containing 5.0–7.5% V, 4.5–9.0% Cr, and 5.5–5.7% (total) of Mn and Ni after heat treatment have a 2–3-fold advantage in wear resistance compared to the prototype high-vanadium cast iron (11.9% V, 12.9% Mn). The maximum wear resistance of cast irons studied is achieved by quenching at 760°C followed by plasma surface hardening, as well as quenching at 840°C, followed by cryogenic treatment. These treatments result in the formation of an optimum microstructure that consists of spheroidal vanadium carbides, eutectic carbides M₇C₃, and a martensite-austenite matrix reinforced by secondary carbides. The increase in quenching temperature leads to an increase in the amount of residual austenite and decrease in the erosive wear resistance of cast irons.     

The Role of Reversible Martensitic Transformation in the Wear Process of TiNi Shape Memory Alloy

It has been established that the superelastic effect of TiNi alloy is related to a reversible martensitic transformation; that is, stress-induced transformation. The high elastic recovery of TiNi alloy has made it a potential candidate for high wear resistance applications. In the present study the tribological behavior of superelastic TiNi alloy was studied and compared to Ni, Ti, and AISI 304 stainless steel using dry sliding wear and friction tests. The effect of normal load and testing temperature on superelasticity has been investigated. It has been found that although AISI 304 stainless steel and superelastic TiNi alloy have similar hardness, TiNi exhibits superior wear resistance. The wear rate of AISI 304 stainless steel is over four times higher than TiNi. The superior wear resistance of TiNi and the effect of load and temperature on wear were discussed and related to the reversible martensitic phase transformation, as well as self-accommodation and stabilization of martensite.     

激光强化40Cr合金钢表面磨损特性研究

采用CO2激光器及不同的激光强化参数对40Cr钢进行表面强化，并将其与热轧Q235钢组成摩擦副，在干摩擦条件下进行摩擦磨损试验，旨在确定合理的激光强化参数，为提高矫直辊耐磨性提供试验依据。通过对试验结果的定量分析得出，激光强化可以提高40Cr钢的耐磨性。采用扫描电镜对激光强化后的40Cr钢表面和磨损表面进行分析，发现激光强化后40Cr钢的金相组织主要是致密的马氏体，而且磨损表面比正常淬火的40Cr钢的表面光滑，仅产生一些微裂纹。     

Investigations on Microstructures and Two-body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Fe–B Cast Alloy

The microstructures of Fe–B alloys containing different carbon and boron concentrations have been investigated. The solidification microstructures of Fe–B alloy consist of the eutectic boride, pearlite, and ferrite. Borides precipitate along the grain boundary during the formation of eutectic. After heat treatment, the phases in Fe–B alloy are composed of the boride and martensite. With increase of carbon and boron concentrations, the Rockwell hardness of Fe–B alloy becomes larger. Meanwhile, by using a pin-on-disk abrasion tester, the effects of carbon and boron concentrations on the wear behaviors including ploughing depth, roughness, and wear weight loss under different loads have been studied. The results show that the wear resistance of Fe–B alloy with higher carbon and boron concentrations is comparable with the high chromium white cast iron.