A global optimization design for quasi-optics power combiner of 3mm wave solid-state sources

This paper describes a global optimization design for quasi-optics power combiner of solid-state millimeter-wave sources. The operating frequency is about 100 GHz and the oscillating sources are GaAs Gunn diodes. The source-array plane is a matrix consisting of NxN (N=3,5, ..., 2k+1, where k is positive integer) diodes. The radio frequency power of the combiner is from threefold to sevenfold larger than the sum total of the single diodes power. The global optimums of the array and the location in the cuvity of the suorce-array plane will be given by a global optimizition method.     

Two millimeter solid-state source global optimum for quasi-optics power combiner

A global optimization method for discussing quasi-optical power combiner of solid-state millimeter-wave source is provided. The device we use operate at about 150 GHz and GaAs Gunn diodes are chosen here as active sources arranged in a planar matrix of N×N (N-3,5,..., 2k+1, where h is positive integer). The best array and the location of the active elements in the source-array plane which is the surface of one reflector we will discribe later can be given by global optimization, where the radio frequency power can reach sixfold to ninefold larger than the total sum of the individual diode power.     

The design of quasi-optics power combiner of millimeter wave

This paper presents a theoretical method for design quasi-optics power combiner of solid-state millimeter — wave sources, and gives theory analysis to some problem concerned. Here is the structure:

1. Epitome of microwave power combiner.
2. Gauss light beam and the field distribution in the resonator.
3. The design of the resonator
4. Confocal resonator
5. Objective function
6. The global optimization method and the program flow chart.
7. Example
8. Reference

     

LINC power amplifier combiner method efficiency optimization

Linear amplification using nonlinear components (LINC) is a method of vector summing two constant amplitude phase-modulated signals to achieve power amplification. The theoretical efficiency of the LINC power amplifier has been reported as 100% since highly efficient nonlinear constant amplitude amplifiers can be used. However, the 100% efficiency performance is only possible at one or two loads along the power output curve. The bulk of the papers regarding LINC has focused on clever implementations of the signal vector decomposition as well as methods to achieve highly linear signal separation. There has been little regard in the literature to the signal combiner implementation necessary to achieve the high power-added efficiency (PAE) of the LINC radio frequency (RF) power amplifier. Efficiency is not an intrinsic property of the combiner implementations, however, the combiner method is the single biggest contributor to efficient performance of a LINC RF power amplifier. This paper develops an analysis method that determines the efficiency of the LINC power amplifier as a function of the amplitude modulation statistics. This can be employed to design the RF communication system amplitude modulation characteristics and to tradeoff and optimize the RF transmitter PAE     

Global optimization design of quasi-optics fower combiner of solid-state millimeter wave resonator

This paper describes a global optimization design of quasi-optics power combiner of solid-state millimeterwave resonator. It is operated in the frequency range from 50 to 300 GHz using GaAs Gunn diodes. It is shown that sourcearrays containing N² (N=3,5,...2K+1, where k is positive integer) individual elements. It is very efficient power transfer of energy from the source-array to the fractional power of the fundamental beam mode etc.. The RF output power exceeded the sum of the individual diodes to be threefold to sevenfold. And this data is the global optimization solution.     

Global optimization method in millimeter wave combiner

This paper describes an algorithm which can determine the global optima of the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave resonator. The global optimization mehtod can determine a neighborhood of the global optima of an objective function and an estimation of the global optima. In this paper the objective function as follow: In the quasi-optical resonator, the objective function are the fundamental mode power, the fractional power of fundamental mode and the combining dfficiecy were done the objective functiona respectively, to calculate the global optima respectively. In the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave source in rectangular waveguide cavity. the performance parameter are presentes by combining efficiency, tuning range, frequency drift, and FM noise were done the objective functions respectively. And to calculate the global optima respectively.     

A resonant-cap power combiner for two-terminal millimeter-wavedevices

A power combiner for three active two-terminal devices located under a common resonant cap is presented. An equivalent circuit with lumped elements describing the coupling between the devices is derived from a numerical finite-element simulation of the resonator. The applied monolithically integrated mounting technique for the active devices minimizes parasitic elements and gains high reproducibility and symmetry. Experimental results with GaAs IMPATT diodes on diamond heatsink of up to 500 mW at 91 GHz with a dc to RF conversion efficiency of 9.0% and excellent combining efficiency demonstrate the capability for power generation in the mm-wave region     

A proposed multistage microwave power combiner

A method is proposed by which an arbitrary number of microwave powers can be combined to obtain a high power from solid-state devices. Oscillators are coupled in cascade by the use of directional couplers incurring no power loss in principle.     

Quasi-optical power combiner

Two novel and compact Q.O.P. combiners of (S.S.S.) in M.M.W band is described. This paper explains with emphasis the principle and the fabrication of the combiner.     

A novel exponential power combiner/divider

A simple and novel theoretical analysis for an exponential two-way power combiner/divider is developed. The proposed power combiner/divider's parameters, such as input impedance and reflection and transmission coefficients, are determined. The capacitance effect due to the finite thickness of the coupled-line conductor for both uniform and nonuniform transmission lines is found. The properties of the combiner/divider were tested experimentally, and experimental results are presented     

高功率光纤激光信号耦合器

实验研究了由三根信号光纤锥形束和一根多模光纤组成的3×1信号耦合器.通过仿真,发现锥形长度越长传输效率和输出光束质量越好,同时也验证了对于低阶模场的吸收要高于高阶模场.实验中,制作了锥区长度为10 mm的3×1信号耦合器,在单纤注入信号功率分别为258 W和365 W的情况下获得转换效率为96.6%的信号输出,总输出功率602W,光束质量为Mx2 = 10.5, My2 = 9.7.     

A new kind of compound solid-state quasi-optical power combiner

In this paper, a new kind of solid-state quasi-optical power combiner is presented. It consists of two or more singlecavity multiple-device power combiners and a Fabry-Perot cavity. The experimenal results using six Gunn diodes at X-band show that the total output power is higher than 400 mW, the total combining efficiency is as high as 83%, and the frequency stability is better than 10^?5.     

Isolated locked hybrid junction power combiner

The isolated locked hybrid junction power combiner, consisting of a single hybrid junction, appropriate phase-shifting element and circulator, combines three 1-port oscillators (one master oscillator strongly locking the other oscillators). Combiner frequency, noise and locking properties are controlled by the master oscillator, and combining efficiency close to 100%, can be achieved. The combiner can be extended in a modular fashion.     

A quasi-optics perturbation technique for measuring dielectric constants

A method of measuring dielectric constants of materials in sheet form by insertion in a Fabry-Perot resonator is described. By tilting the dielectric sheet at a slight angle with respect to the system axis, the reflected wave can be eliminated. The working formula for determing the dielectric constant then reduces to a simple linear relation involving the ratio of the mirror motion required to restore resonance to the thickness of the dielectric. The method is applicable at all frequencies where Fabry-Perot resonators can be used and for materials with loss tangents less than one. A table of measured values of common dielectrics is presented for 143 Gc/s and 343 Gc/s.     

一种新型毫米波8路功分器/合成器的设计

设计了一种Q波段8路功分器/合成器。利用波导功分器及微带功分器混合设计,提出了波导-微带4路功分器与3 dB Wilkinson电桥一体化设计思想,设计出一种较高隔离度,结构紧凑的新型8路功率分配器/合成器。通过高频电磁仿真软件(HFSS)仿真设计,在42 GHz~47 GHz频带范围内,8路分配器输出端口反射损耗优于-19 dB;8路输出端口的幅度不平衡度小于0.25 dB,相位不平衡度小于0.5o,插损小于0.25 dB;4个输出口之间的隔离度大于9 dB,是一种较为理想的8路功率分配器/合成器,在实际小体积高合成效率要求的固态功率合成领域,以及具有小体积的多路信道实现中,具有较高的应用价值。     

Integrated circuit transmission-line transformer power combiner for millimetre-wave applications

A new approach for power combining several low-voltage CMOS amplifiers using a new on-chip transmission line transformer structure is presented. The power combiner utilises the interconnection of short sections of integrated differential lines and has an efficiency independent of the transformation ratio. Full-wave electromagnetic simulation confirms the operation and low insertion loss of the transformer     

一个0.14 THz同轴波导五路径向功率合成器

基于同轴波导径向合成器提出了一款可用于太赫兹频段的任意路数功率合成器。该功率合成器采用二阶阶梯变换结构,实现电场方向从同轴轴向到径向的扩散传播,并通过径向外围均匀分布的Y型功分结构实现任意路数功分。以D波段五路功率合成器为例,采用背靠背测试,在130 GHz到150 GHz频带内,背靠背插入损耗优于2 dB,带内回波损耗优于15 dB。由于是背靠背测试,因此该功率合成器单边损耗约为0.72 dB,折合合成效率为84.7%。     

6mm Solid state source power combiner

On 6mm wave band, the properties and structure of a power combiner which consists of two Gunn diodes in rectangle waveguide, the principle and experiments are reported. The theory is suitable for the power combiner operating below long-millimeter-wave region.