Comparative characteristics of nutrition of the male population in some cities of the USSR (a cooperative study)]

The state of nutrition was studied in men of varying age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-54 years) living in different cities of the USSR. The standard method of food ration "daily reproduction" was used to investigate 25% of representative subsample in each age group. It has been found that the daily ration of men living in the European part of the USSR (Moscow, Kiev, Tallinn) is characterized by a rather high caloric value and by a significant imbalance in the consumption of the main food substances.     

Structure of nutrition in Iranian population

The paper present the result of study nutrition of different group people in Iran. Was established that half of Iranian people consume high quantity of energy and protein. The main sources of nutrients they was used with bread and bakery products. It was shown also deficiency of micro- and macroelements such as calcium, iron and vitamins.     

Energy and food stuff requirements and actual nutrition of foreign students studying in the USSR

The actual nutrition of students of the Patrice Lumumba University of Peoples' Friendship, who had come to the USSR from different countries of the world, was investigated during their studies. Insufficient content of vegetable proteins and fats, Ca and vitamin C, as well as low carbohydrate level were detected in the food of students from all the continents, except for Asia. No significant difference was observed between the energy providing with food and its consumption by the students. The data obtained have been used for validation of the rational nutrition for foreign students studying in the USSR.     

Characteristics of the nutrition of the male population of Ufa

The method of daily ration reproduction was used to study the actual nutrition of 25% of male subsampling comprising 674 subjects, during the epidemiological investigation of unorganized male population in a region of Ufa. The results of the study have shown that the caloric value of their nutrition does not exceed the established standards and is diminished with age. Protein consumption meets the physiological requirements, animal proteins prevail in their structure. Carbohydrate consumption is low, mainly at the expense of starch, while the share of sugar is high. Fat consumption exceeds the values recommended, mainly at the expense of saturated fatty acids. Cholesterol consumption is excessive. The established nutrition imbalance of the main food substances has evidenced the atherogenic character of the population nutrition, prevalence of animal food products in its structure, that should be taken into consideration when measures for the prevention of coronary heart disease are elaborated.     

Model organisms in molecular nutrition research

The complexity of food organism interactions necessitates the use of model organisms to understand physiological and pathological processes. In nutrition research, model organisms were initially used to understand how macro and micronutrients are handled in the organism. Currently, in nutritional systems biology, models of increasing complexity are needed in order to determine the global organisation of a biological system and the interaction with food and food components. Originally driven by genetics, certain model organisms have become most prominent. Model organisms are more accessible systems than human beings and include bacteria, yeast, flies, worms, and mammals such as mice. Here, the origin and the reasons to become the most prominent models are presented. Moreover, their applicability in molecular nutrition research is illustrated with selected examples.