塑性微成形技术的发展

阐述了塑性微成形研究的目的和意义，重点从尺寸效应、本构模型、摩擦规律、冲压性能和超塑性微成形等5个方面描述了国外塑性微成形技术的发展现状，简单概括了国内微成形技术的发展状况，指出了这一技术面临的挑战和发展趋势。     

微结构与微型零件的微注射成形

设计并制作了微注射成形模具，采用光刻、离子蚀刻工艺相结合在硅片上制得了微零件型腔、流道及浇口。利用该模具在微型注射机上进行了聚丙烯微注射成形实验，注射成形了微结构零件及独立的微型零件，其中最小微结构部分是直径50μm的微圆柱，最小独立的微型零件是直径300μm、厚300μm的微圆片。分析了模具温度、注射压力及保压时间对微注射成形的影响，其中模具温度影响最大，注射压力、保压时间的影响次之。     

面向微细制造的微成形技术

综述了近年来微成形(微尺度金属零件和微结构金属零件成形)技术的发展概况，包括微成形工艺系统、成形中的微尺度效应、微尺度冲裁、挤压、拉深、超塑成形等工艺的试验和研究结果，以及已经提出和发展的考虑微尺度效应的各种力学本构模型，并简要介绍了微成形相关的工艺装备系统的发展现状，分析了微成形技术的发展趋势和经济潜力。     

微成形技术的现状与发展

介绍了微成形技术产生的背景和科学意义，综述了微成形技术的研究与应用概况，探讨了微成形技术发展中所面临的一些关键问题，指出了微成形技术的研究发展方向。     

微型齿轮精密微塑性成形工艺研究

为了进行微塑性成形工艺研究,设计了一套精密微塑性成形系统.系统采用宏动/微动相结合的驱动模式,既可获得高的位移精度又可以实现较大的冲头行程,在成形过程中对工艺参数进行实时采集和记录.使用该系统进行了微型齿轮的微塑性成形工艺试验,结果表明,微成形件的表面质量好,轮廓清晰,证明采用微塑性成形技术可以成形出质量良好的微型零件.     

塑料透镜成形模具的金刚石车削加工

在塑料透镜成形技术中模具起着重要的作用。本文围绕模具的着急零型芯,简要介绍了它的设计及其材料的选择和处理;重点叙述了在ＣＮＣ超精密两轴机床上车制型芯模腔光学镜面的技术和所使用的ＵＰＣ－Ｒ金刚石车刀;最后分析了ＵＰＣ－Ｒ金刚石车刀圆弧切削刃半径Ｒ的判定误差对车制表面形状精度的影响。     

微型模具制造技术研究与发展

介绍了微型制件及微型模具成形特点，全面分析了各种微细加工方法的技术特点及其在微型模具制造中的应用状况，同时分析了各种微细加工技术的适用范围与发展前景，并重点阐述了以LIGA技术为代表的光加工技术在未来微型模具制造技术发展中的重要作用。     

微尺度激光冲击成形技术

介绍激光冲击成形的作用机理,论述了激光冲击微成形的方法,分析了影响激光冲击微成形的主要因素,包括尺度效应、约束层和涂层、激光参数等.提出了基于模具的激光冲击微成形方法.     

微成形技术的研究现状

阐述了微成形技术的基本概念，分析总结了微成形的研究现状、主要研究领域。以微成形试件微小化后尺寸效应的本质特征为基础，讨论了材料成形过程中的摩擦、材料流动规律的尺寸效应、试件的精度和成形设备的选择等问题，并进一步指出了微成形技术的发展方向。     

Tribology in microforming

As the tribological conditions between tool and workpiece in metal working are of greatest importance for process feasibility and process quality this is even more true when the process is scaled from conventional down to micro dimensions. As can be shown by scaled friction tests the friction is increased by a factor of 20 and more which will have a distinct impact on all factors characterising the process. This cannot be described by the conventionally used friction laws but can be explained by the model of open and closed lubricant pockets characterising the surface topography. In the present paper, it will be shown that - starting from this model - the size effect in friction can be described by the general friction law developed by Wanheim/Bay.     

微型爬壁机器人研究的关键技术

首先论述了微型爬壁机器人的发展背景及与传统爬壁机器人的区别。然后对微型爬壁机器人研究的国内外现状及关键技术做了详细分析。     

MEMS技术的研究现状和新进展

介绍MEMS技术几个主要方面的研究现状和最新进展:MEMS的加工技术、封装技术、检测技术。阐述MEMS技术仍面临的问题。     

Micro-spectrophotometer based on micro electro-mechanical systems technology

A new mini-spectrophotometer is developed by adopting micro-silicon-slit and micro-silicon-fixer, which are based on micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Both the micro-silicon-slit and the micro-silicon-fixer have their own features, such as small volume and high precision, which are laid out and analyzed later. Meantime, through the analysis of the sample cell’s optical characteristics that have some impacts on the linearity of the spectrophotometer, a relationship equation, which is about the impact of the refractive index of the sample cell and the tested medium on the variety of the transmitted light intensity and the absorbency, is put forward. When the water and the air are taken as the referenced medium, the experiments demonstrate that the difference of the refractive index of the references does not influence the correlation coefficient r and the slope of the absorbency-concentration curve. The final results show that the new mini-spectrophotometer with micro-silicon-slit and micro-silicon-fixer is worked out, its correlation coefficient r > 0.999, and its refractive index resolving power is better than 0.01. __________ Translated from Optics and Precision Engineering, 2006, 14(6): 990–997 [译自: 光学精密工程]     

Microforming at elevated temperature - forming and material behaviour

Manufacturing of metallic parts by forming methods is industrially widespread due to several advantages like good surface quality, high accuracy and good efficiency at concurrent high quantity. As a result of the steady miniaturisation of products, large quantities of smallest metallic parts with the above mentioned attributes are needed. Despite the advantages of forming methods, microparts are mainly produced by machining, because of problems caused by so-called size-effects. These effects occur by scaling down geometry and process parameters, leading to the fact that the existing know-how for conventional processes cannot be transferred unrestrictedly to microscale. One reason for the difference between macro- and microscale is the number of grains within the forming area. At microscale only a small number of grains are directly involved in the forming process, so that the single grain, characterised by its individual size, orientation and position, gains influence on the process. The stochastic distribution of the grain characteristics leads to an inhomogeneous material behaviour and causes an increased scatter of the process parameters. To minimise the effect of inhomogeneous material behaviour, microforming at elevated temperature is applied. Experiments with different materials at elevated temperature show a homogenising effect which leads to a reduced process scattering. This indicates that elevated temperatures are suitable to minimise and control the size-effects at microforming processes. Additionally an enlargement of the forming limits by microforming at elevated temperature is observable.     

高温焊接金刚石技术

分析金刚石焊接的工艺难点。阐述高温焊接金刚石可以采用的一些工艺技术 ,及与之有关的现代科学技术研究成果。     

钢丝缠绕式模具优化设计方法研究

概述了钢丝缠绕式合成金刚石模具的工作原理,以最大预紧环承载能力为目标函数建立了优化设计模型,并以实例分析了优化模型的应用.给出了一组模具优化参数,可以作为模具设计者参考.     

Plastic Yielding and Vibrations of Rolling Element Bearings

A high degree of resistance to plastic deformation at the contacts between rolling bodies and rings is required in bearings used for equipment that must be quiet running. It is shown that, within practical bearing design limits this resistance is primarily a function of material structure variables that affect the elastic limit.

Hardness, as measured by Rockwell or Diamond Pyramid methods is a primary variable, but in itself, an inadequate measure of this resistance. A test method is described giving good correlation with conditions causing plastic deformation of bearings in applications. The effects of residual stress, surface conditions and contact configuration are discussed.

It is shown that bearings with substantially improved resistance to plastic indentation are obtainable by the use of appropriate heat treatment.     

金刚石线锯的研究现状与进展

金刚石线锯能够对硬脆材料进行精密、窄锯缝切割 ,已逐渐取代内圆锯 ,广泛应用于半导体和光电池切片加工 ,并在陶瓷、石英、木材等加工中显示出独特优势。对国内、外金刚石线锯研究现状进行总结 ,介绍该技术的最新进展     

微尺度热科学及其在MEMS中的应用

主要介绍了微尺度热科学最新研究成果及其在MEMS中的应用。微电子机械系统（MEMS）的高速发展为微尺度物理现象及其内在机理的研究提供了机遇和挑战。微尺度热科学是微尺度物理学的一个重要分支，包括微尺度传热学、 微尺度动力学和微尺度热测量学等。一般来说，微尺度热现象的尺度效应可以归结为热流密度大和热惯性小这两个特点，在MEMS器件中有广泛的应用。尽管近年来微尺度热科学取得了快速的发展，但仍处于不断发展的阶段，完整的理论体系还没有建立；微尺度下成熟的实验方法还在摸索中，实验数据处在原始积累阶段；大规模计算条件的实现和分子水平的数值模拟方法的解决提供了另一条途径。