涂料用新型复合催干剂

采用优质异辛酸和多种稀土金属制备完全不用钴、不含铅、可单独使用的新型复合催干剂。该种催干剂可完全取代包括钴催干剂在内的传统催干剂,而其用量只有传统催干剂用量的１／１０。由其配制的涂料颜色浅,且耐低温,抗高湿。     

稀土催干剂及其应用

本文介绍了双酸稀土催干剂及其在涂料中的应用。一概述涂料行业使用的传统催干剂是铅、锌、锰、钙、钴的有机羧酸盐。其中,羧酸铅的使用量约占催干剂总量的1/3,造成了铅对环境的污染。为了减少铅污染,降低油漆产品成本     

环烷酸稀土催干剂的研究

一、前言国外,环烷酸稀土催干剂在五十年代就有商品上市和应用报导。现在美国就有五家著名的厂商生产稀土的环烷酸、异辛酸和松浆油酸的盐类。如美国Advance溶剂和化学公司生产4％环烷酸稀土(牌号Soligen)和4％异辛酸稀土(牌号Hexogen),含稀土组成为锆:铈=1:1,主要用于浅色氨基醇酸烘烤面漆。其优点是色泽好,有更高的交联度,使漆膜硬度和耐磨性提高;也可取代钴用于气干油漆;取代沿用于家具和儿童玩具,已有多年历史。     

新型异辛酸稀土催干剂

一、概述目前我国应用于油漆中的催干剂还是沿用环烷酸钴、锰、铅、锌、钙催干剂。然而环烷酸系列催干剂存在着颜色深、气味重等缺陷。随着我国涂料工业发展,对油漆配套催干剂也提出了新的要求。事实上,发达国家的环烷酸系列的催干剂用量已日益减少,国外都在研究开发应用新型的催干剂系列产品。为了满足国内市场的需求,我厂经过一年的努力终于完成了市科委下达的“异辛酸稀土催干剂”试制任务,于1991年底通过了市科委鉴定,并受到了与会专家的一致肯定。     

稀土催干剂技术开发与推广应用

<正> 前言稀土催干剂的合成及在涂料中应用的中试工作已通过部级验收鉴定。在化工部科技局领导下,稀土催干剂的生产与应用均有较大的进展。为进一步深入研究与扩大推广应用,1988年12月化工部科技局在北京召开了稀土催干剂技术和推广应用交流会。与会单位有化工部涂料工业研究所、北京红狮涂料公司、石家庄市油漆厂、芜湖凤凰造漆厂、河南新郑第二化工厂和包头市油漆厂。     

螯合型水性催干剂的应用研究

通过对不同金属催干剂的应用试验,介绍了螯合型金属催干剂的性能、优点及其在不同乳液体系中的应用结果。     

钴催干剂代替品的研究进展

阐述了取代钴催干剂的必要性。介绍了2-乙基己酸锰和2,2'-联吡啶螯合物代钴催干剂、乙酰丙酮锰和双核锰等新型代钴催干剂,以及还原剂/铁复合的非锰基催干剂等与钴相比较的催干活性与涂膜性能;对基于硫醇-烯化学和钒催干剂结合作为高固体分醇酸涂料在低温、高湿条件下快干的催干剂体系也作了介绍。     

Process engineering development for the manufacturing of manganese octoate on a pilot plant scale

A technically and economically feasible process is developed for the manufacturing of manganese octoate as a powerful paint drier in a pilot plant unit. Such material is an environmentally safe through drier, catalyzes cross linking within the whole coating layer and is highly recommended for both hard and durable finishes. Scaling-up is based upon successful studying, evaluation and optimization of all operating parameters affecting process chemical reaction kinetics, product recovery and purification, and finally the vacuum crystallization stage. The performance of the pilot unit, overall conversion of reactants (>85%) were in excellent conformity with laboratory results.     

Emulsification, drying and film formation of alkyd emulsions

A method was developed and optimised for the emulsification of a conventional short oil alkyd resin which was solid at room temperature. The method was based on the emulsion inversion point (EIP) method whereby hot water (90°C) was added to molten alkyd resin (90°C) containing the emulsifier. Under slow mixing and addition of water, a point was reached where the emulsion instantaneously phase inverted from a water in oil emulsion (W/O) to an oil in water emulsion (O/W). Using optimum conditions, emulsions with droplet of diameters less than 0.8 μm were obtained. The drying and film formation of long oil alkyd emulsions were investigated with emphasis on loss of dry upon storage. The main reason for loss of dry was adsorption of the cobalt (drier) on pigment surfaces as a precipitated hydroxide. Titanium dioxides with alumina surface treatment and organic pigments were most detrimental to drying. Acrylate- and phosphate-based dispersants also deactivated cobalt presumably due to complexation and precipitation of cobalt. Emulsions prepared with an emulsifiable cobalt drier containing 2,2′-bipyridyl (complexing agent for cobalt) showed the best resistance to loss of dry. Films formed from the emulsions showed that surfactant migrated to the film surface which when washed with water leaves holes or pits in film. The pits were arranged in a hexagonal pattern, characteristic of Bénard cells which form due to interfacial tension gradients generated in the film during evaporation of water.     

气干型醇酸涂料的固化机理及催干剂

为了深入理解气干型醇酸涂料的固化反应机理及所用催干剂和催干机理,基于国内外最新文献,论述了气干型醇酸涂料的自动氧化固化机理,主要包括诱导阶段、过氧化物形成阶段、过氧化物分解阶段及聚合阶段;系统总结了催干剂的组成、制备方法、种类及催干机理;简述了水性醇酸涂料用催干剂研究现状。总结发现,高效无毒的环保型催干剂将是气干型醇酸涂料用催化剂的发展方向。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.