Quantum Chemistry Calculations on the Interaction Between Kaolinite and Gold

The density function and discrete variation method ( DFT - DVM) is used to study the interaction between kaolinite and gold. The correlation among the structure, chemical bond and stability is discussed. Several models are selected without gold and with gold in different directions and sites . The results show that the models with gold on the edge of kaolinite basal layer are more stable than those with gold above or under the layer, the models ivith gold near to [ A1O2 ( OH)4 ] octahedra are more stable than those with gold near to the vacancy without aluminium. The interaction between gold and the surface ions of kaolinite is strong enough to form the surface complexes.     

Chemial Bond and Stability of Adsorption of [Au（ AsS3 ）]^2- on the Surface of Kaolinite

Density function theory and discrete variation method (DFT-DVM) were used to study the adsorption of [Au( AsS3 )]^2- on the surface of kaolinite. The correlation among structure, chemical bond and stability was discussed. Several models were selected with [ Au( AsS3)]^2- in different directions and sites. The results show that the models with gold on the edge of kaolinite basal layer contain pincerlike bond among gold and several oxygen atoms and form strong Au - 0 covalent bond, so these models are more stable than those with gold above or under the layer. The models with gold near to [ AlO2(OH)4] octahedra are more stable than those with gold near to the vacancy withont aluminium. These two stable tendencies in kaolinite- [ Au( AsS3)]^2- are stronger than that in kaolinite-Au systems. The interaction between [ Au( AsS3 )]^2- and kaolinite is stronger than that between gold and kaolinite, and this interaction is strong enough to form the surface complexes.     

2－取代亚胺基－3－［N－（2－氯乙基）］氨甲酰四氢噻唑类化合物的质谱研究

介绍十三种新的２－取代亚胺基－３－［Ｎ－（２－氯乙基）］氨甲酰四氢噻唑化合物的电子轰击（ＥＩ）质谱及其分子离子峰。它们的特征峰为ｍ／ｚ［Ｍ—１０５］＋，［Ｍ—４９］＋，［Ｍ—３５］＋，１０５，５６等。其中Ｍ—１０５碎片的强度较大（大多为基峰）。据此，提出了它们经电子轰击断裂的可能途径──麦克拉弗蒂重排（ＭｃＬａｆｆｅｒｔｙＲｅａｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔ）。     

Cr3+在方解石表面吸附的量子化学研究

采用量子化学计算的方法，研究了重金属Cr^3 在方解石表面不同位置吸附时能量的差异。通过对所选用的Cr^3 在方解石表面5个不同位置的模型进行计算，然后对计算结果进行分析，表明当重金属Cr^3 吸附在方解石表面一个CO3^2-侧面的上方时，比重金属Cr^3 在其它位置上发生的吸附更为稳定，同时也说明重金属Cr^3 与方解石表面发生的吸附为配位吸附。     

4-硝基-N-[3-(2-羟乙基)砜基]苯基苯甲酰胺的合成

以3-(2-羟乙基砜基)苯胺和对硝基苯甲酸为主要原料,经过酰氯化和缩合两步反应合成了活性染料中间体4-硝基-N-[3-(2-羟乙基)砜基]苯基苯甲酰胺。研究了催化剂、卤化剂等对酰氯化反应的影响,实验得到酰氯化反应的较佳条件:DMF作催化剂,二氯亚砜作卤化剂,酰氯化产物收率可达97%。同时还考察了缩合反应较佳条件:n(3-(2-羟乙基砜基)苯胺)∶n(对硝基苯甲酰氯)=1.2∶1,反应温度30℃,反应时间2 h。在此条件下,缩合反应产物收率达到90%。产物及中间体的结构经过了IR1、H NMR鉴定。     

4-氨基-N-[3-(2-羟乙基)砜硫酸酯]苯基苯甲酰胺的合成

以4-硝基-N-[3-(2-羟乙基)砜基]苯基苯甲酰胺和氯磺酸为主要原料,经过加氢和酯化2步反应合成了4-氨基-N-[3-(2-羟乙基)砜硫酸酯]苯基苯甲酰胺。实验表明,加氢反应的较佳条件:4-硝基-N-[3-(2-羟乙基)砜基]苯基苯甲酰胺(质量,g)与甲醇(体积,mL)比1∶18,Raney-Ni催化剂质量分数40%,氢气压0.4~0.6 MPa,反应温度60℃,反应时间80 min,收率86%。酯化反应的较佳条件:n(4-氨基-N-[3-(2-羟乙基)砜基]苯基苯甲酰胺)∶n(氯磺酸)=1∶1.05,反应温度40℃,反应时间8 h,收率92%。产物及中间体的结构经过了IR1、H NMR表征,确定为目标产物。     

2-[2-(5-甲基苯并噻唑)偶氮]-5-二乙氨基苯甲酸与铜的显色反应研究

研究了显色剂2－[2－（5－甲基苯并噻唑）偶氮]－5－二乙氨基苯甲酸（5－Me－BTAEB）与Cu2+的显色反应。试剂与Cu2+在pH为3．0～5．5的醇－水溶液中形成蓝色稳定的1：1配合物，其最大吸收波长为650 um，表观摩尔吸光系数为7．33 × 10~4L·mol-1·cm－1。Cu2+的浓度在50～800 μg／L时服从比尔定律。     

光引发剂1-对吗啉苯基-2-二甲氨基-2- 苄基-1-丁酮的合成及光引发性能测试

本文合成了１对吗啉苯基－２－二甲氨基－２－苄基－１－丁酮,将合成产品与国外同样产品的物理性质及结构表征进行了对比,并对产品的光引发性能进行了初步测试。     

3-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯基)-2-羟基丙酸甲酯的合成

以酪氨酸为原料,碱性(NaOH)条件下与溴化苄反应7 h,采用EDTA-Na的水溶液洗涤粗品得O-苄基酪氨酸(Ⅱ),n(O-苄基酪氨酸)∶n(亚硝酸钠)∶n(浓硫酸)=1∶3∶5,亚硝酸钠滴加时间20-30 min,反应温度0-5℃,得中间体3-(4-苄氧基苯基)-2-羟基丙酸(Ⅲ),经酯化、催化氢化脱苄基、溴化反应得目标产物3-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯基)-2-羟基丙酸甲酯(Ⅵ),总收率43.6%,其结构经1HNMR和LC-MS表征。     

Electronic Structures and Bonding Properties of Ti_2AlC and Ti_3AlC_2

The relation among electronic structure, chemical bond and property of Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC2 and doping Si into Ti2AlC was studied by density function and the discrete variation (DFT-DVM) method. After adding Si into Ti2AlC, the interaction between Si and Ti is weaker than that between Al and Ti, and the strengths of ionic and covalent bonds decrease both. The ionic and covalent bonds in Ti3AlC2, especially in Ti-Al, are stronger than those in Ti2AlC. Therefore, in synthesis of Ti2AlC, the addition of Si enhances the Ti3AlC2 content instead of Ti2AlC. The density of state (DOS) shows that there is mixed conductor characteristic in Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2. The DOS of Ti3AlC2 is much like that of Ti2AlC. Ti2SixAl1-xC has more obvious tendency to form a semiconductor than Ti2AlC, which is seen from the obvious difference of partial DOS between Si and Al 3p.     

Orbital Calculations of Kaolinite Surface:on Substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the Tetrahedral Sites

The surface properties of kaolinite were determined using density functional theory discrete variational method(DFT-DVM)and Gaussian 03 program.A SiO_4 tetrahedral hexagonal ring with two Al octahedra was chosen to model the kaolinite crystal.The total density of states of the kaolinite cluster are located near the Fermi level at both sides of the Fermi level.Both the highest occupied molecular orbit (HOMO)and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbit(LUMO)of kaolinite indicate that kaolinite system can not only readily interact with electron-acceptor species,but also readily interact with electron-donor species on the edge surface and the gibbsite layer surface,and thus,shows amphoteric behavior.Substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the tetrahedral site linking the vacant Al~(3 ) octahedra does not increase the surface chemical reactivity of kaolinite,while substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the tetrahedral site with the apex O linking Al~(3 ) octahedra increase the surface chemical reactivity of the siloxane surface of kaolinite,especially acting as electron donors. Additionally,substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the tetrahedral site results in the re-balance of charges,leading to the increase of negative charge of the coordinated O atoms of the AlO_4 tetrahedra,and therefore favoring the formation of ionic bonds between cations and the surface O atoms in the basal plane.     

双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]三甘醇酯的合成与表征

以3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸甲酯(简称3,5-甲酯)与三甘醇为原料,有机锡为催化剂,通过酯交换法在无溶剂的条件下合成了双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]三甘醇酯。通过实验考察了反应温度、催化剂及催化剂用量、反应时间及物料配比等因素对反应的影响。结果表明,最佳的反应条件是:反应温度为125～135℃,催化剂为有机锡,催化剂用量为0.50g,反应时间为3.5h,3,5-甲酯与三甘醇摩尔比为2.10∶1。在此条件下,收率在94%以上,产品熔点为106～107℃,通过元素分析、红外光谱分析、核磁氢谱对产品进行了结构表征。     

3-甲基-1-(2-(1-哌啶基)苯基)丁基胺的合成

以3-甲基-1(2-哌啶基苯基)丁基酮为原料,采用Leuckart反应合成3-甲基-1.(2-(1-哌啶基)苯基) 丁基胺,最终化合物经核磁共振氢谱及碳谱得到确证.     

Electronic Structure and Chemical Bond of Ti3SiC2 and Adding Al Element

The relation among electronic structure, chemical bond and property of Ti3SiC2 and Al-doped was studied by density function and discrete variation （ DFT- DVM） method. When Al element is added into Ti3 SiC2 , there is a less difference of ionic bond, which does not play a leading role to influent the properties. After adding Al, the covalent bond of Al and the near Ti becomes somewhat weaker, but the covalent bond of Al and the Si in the same layer is obviously stronger than that of Si and Si before adding. Therefore, in preparation of Ti3 SiC2 , adding a proper quantity of Al can promote the formation of Ti3 SiC2 . The density of stnte shows that there is a mixed conductor character in both of Ti3 SiC2 and adding Al element. Ti3 SiC2 is with more tendencies to form a semiconductor. The total density of state near Fermi lever after adding Al is larger than that before adding, so the electric conductivity may increase after adding Al.     

聚甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯水溶液的响应性能研究

采用本体聚合的方法合成了聚甲基丙烯酸N，N-二甲氨基乙酯(PDMAEMA)，并将中空纤维超滤技术应用于所制聚合物的精制；研究了PDMAEMA稀水溶液在不同的聚合物浓度、不同pH值以及以不同浓度的氯化钠水溶液为溶剂等条件下的粘度性能(特性粘数)和PDMAEMA浓水溶液的表观粘度随聚合物溶液的浓度、pH值的变化关系．实验结果表明：作为聚电解质溶液，PDMAEMA的稀水溶液呈现出强烈的聚电解质效应，表现为具有浓度依赖性、盐溶液浓度的响应性以及pH响应性；PDMAEMA的浓水溶液(其质量分数为2%)也显示出明显的pH响应性．     

3-取代硫基-5-(2-羟基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑类化合物抑菌活性的QSAR研究

采用MOPAC-AM1方法对13种3-取代硫基-5-(2-羟基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑类化合物分子进行几何优化和计算EHOMO、ELUMO、QC1～QC8、QN1～QN3、QO及QS等量子化学描述符(Lt).通过最佳变量子集回归建立这些化合物对白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等抑菌活性(IJ:IM,IE和IS)的QSAR模型.结果显示ELUMO和QS直接影响这些化合物的生物活性:硫原子上电荷量增大,其抑菌活性增强;ELUMO越高,IJ下降.对于白色念珠菌的IM模型的相关系数(R2)和逐一剔除法交叉验证系数(R2cv)依次为0.913和0.806,相应IE模型为0.907和0.838,相应IS模型为0.881和0.771.通过R2adj、F、R2cv、VIF、AIC、FIT等检验,上述模型具有令人满意的稳健性和预测能力.结果显示抑菌机理的重要信息,可用于新活性标题化合物的理论设计.     

3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸的合成

3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸(V)是合成新型杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺的重要中间体.以2,3-二氯吡啶为起始原料,与水合肼亲核取代制得3-氯-2-肼基吡啶(Ⅰ),Ⅰ与马来酸二乙酯环合制得2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-氧-3-吡唑烷甲酸乙酯(Ⅱ),Ⅱ经三溴氧磷溴代制得3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基...     

3-（二（2-羟基苄基）氨基）丙腈的合成与表征

研究了以水杨醛、氨水和丙烯腈为主要原料经3步反应合成了3-(二(2-羟基苄基)氨基)丙腈,其中水杨醛与氨水以物质的量比1∶4在冰浴条件下反应6 h合成2-[((2-羟基苄基)亚胺)甲基]苯酚,产率达98.2%;2-[((2-羟基苄基)亚胺)甲基]苯酚与KBH4以物质的量比1∶4在30℃条件下反应12 h合成2,2′-(二甲基胺)二苯酚,产率可达到84.2%;2,2′-(二甲基胺)二苯酚与丙烯腈以物质的量比1∶6在80℃条件下回流法反应72 h合成3-(二(2-羟基苄基)氨基)丙腈,产率可达到88%。并用红外、单晶X-射线衍射分析等方法对产物结构进行了表征。     

3-（甲氧基羰基甲基）替加氟的合成

以氯乙酸和甲醇为原料，对甲苯磺酸为催化剂，环己烷为溶剂及带水剂，合成氯乙酸甲酯，收率达到85．1％．以氯乙酸甲酯和替加氟为原料，甲醇钠为缚酸剂，甲醇为溶剂，合成了3-（甲氧基羰基甲基）替加氟产品，得出了最佳的合成反应条件，收率为78．0％，产品结构经IR，^1H NMR，GC—MS表征．     

SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2-MoO_3-La_2O_3催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

报道了以稀土改性固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2-MoO3-La2O3为多相催化剂,通过丁醛和乙二醇为原料合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛,探讨了SO42-/TiO2-MoO3-La2O3催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了原料量比,催化剂用量,反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明:在n(丁醛):n(乙二醇)=1:1.5,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量分数的0.80%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1.0h的优化条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达81.9%,由此可见:SO42-/TiO2-MoO3-La2O3是合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的优良催化剂,具有良好的应用前景。