刺激响应抗肿瘤药物载体研究进展

药物载体对于癌症的有效治疗非常重要,主要介绍光、酶、pH等刺激响应型纳米粒子及凝胶类药物载体性能及其在药物载体中的应用。     

pH敏感型聚合物胶束作为药物载体研究进展

近年来,刺激响应型聚合物胶束作为纳米药物载体因其独特的优势,如具有靶向性高、良好的生物相容性和毒副作用小等优势,而应用于药物靶向治疗中,其中pH敏感型聚合物胶束是基于生理条件下包载药物,特定pH条件下释放药物,而达到药物靶向释放目的。本文主要综述pH敏感型聚合物胶束的种类、特性、应用于药物靶向治疗的原理和研究进展,为开发和应用pH敏感型聚合物胶束提供参考。     

作为药物载体的聚氨酯纳米胶束的研究进展

聚氨酯材料具有生物相容性好、合成简单且分子结构可设计性强等优点,不可降解的聚氨酯材料在生物医学领域已经得到应用。目前可生物降解聚氨酯纳米胶束用作药物载体的研究受到广泛关注。本综述主要从生物相容性、刺激响应性、靶向作用、细胞摄取能力强的聚氨酯纳米胶束这几个方面,介绍了作为药物载体的可生物降解聚氨酯纳米胶束的研究进展。     

细胞靶向抗肿瘤纳米药物载体的研究进展

肿瘤已经成为严重危害人类健康的重大疾病之一,而如何治疗肿瘤疾病已逐渐变为近年内的研究热点。由于纳米药物载体在细胞靶向抗肿瘤中表现出来的特殊性质,使其受到了越来越多的关注。本文将就一些常见的纳米药物载体作一综述。     

基于合成高分子的纳米药物载体的研究进展

基于合成高分子的纳米微粒由于其良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性和粘膜粘附性等特点成为药物载体研究的热．董。根据构建纳米药物载体的高分子聚合物结构的差异,将其分为：基于两亲聚合物的纳米微粒（胶团和囊泡）、脂质体、树枝状或超支化大分子、乳液聚合纳米微粒,并对上述纳米微粒作为药物载体在近年来的研究进展进行了归纳和总结．展望了其在药物缓释体系中的广阔应用前景。     

纳米微球在药物载体领域的研究进展

本文介绍了纳米微球制备方法中常见的相分离法、喷雾干燥法和乳化交联法。同时,简单介绍了纳米微球在药物载体领域的应用,并对其广阔前景进行了展望。     

介孔硅纳米载体应用于肿瘤治疗的研究进展

化疗是临床上治疗恶性肿瘤的重要手段,但化疗药物毒副作用大、易产生耐药和生物相容性差等问题往往限制其治疗效果。纳米载体可使药物靶向作用于肿瘤部位,减少化疗药物对正常组织产生的毒副作用,从而提高治疗效果,近年来已成为癌症精准治疗领域中的研究热点。其中,介孔硅纳米粒子(Mesoporous silica nanoparticles, MSNs)作为一种无机纳米材料,具有比表面积大、孔径可调、孔体积大、生物相容性好和易于功能化修饰等优点,被广泛用于纳米递送系统的构建,尤其是集肿瘤靶向、治疗和成像等多种功能于一体的新型纳米递送系统。综述了近年来功能化MSNs递送载体应用于肿瘤靶向治疗、药物递送和肿瘤生物成像等方面的研究进展,为开发新型纳米递送系统以用于癌症治疗提供了参考。     

基于肿瘤微环境的响应性纳米药物载体的研究进展

纳米技术正在快速发展,研究者们通过对肿瘤微环境的不断探索,创造出了多种多样的肿瘤微环境响应性的纳米药物载体,该研究方向目前受到了广泛关注.重点介绍了几种针对肿瘤微环境的响应性纳米药物载体及其研究进展,并对响应性纳米药物载体今后的发展进行了展望.     

Macrocyclic Amphiphiles for Drug Delivery

Nanoparticles are the most crucial part of nanomedicine and various kinds of nanoparticles have been developed for drug delivery. As a new kind of nanoparticles, macrocyclic amphiphiles are gaining more and more attention in the field of nanomedicine due to their intrinsic features of molecular recognition and robust assembly. In this review, we summarized the reported works of drug delivery using macrocyclic amphiphiles, including cyclodextrin, calixarene, cucurbituril and pillararene species. These macrocyclic amphiphiles, serving as a new matrix of nanomedicine, can enhance drug solubility, improve drug stability, selectively deliver drugs to disease both in vitro and in vivo.     

Smart Hydrogels for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems

Since the last few decades, the development of smart hydrogels, which can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from their environments, has become a thriving research frontier in the biomedical engineering field. Nowadays, drug delivery systems have received great attention and smart hydrogels can be potentially used in these systems due to their high stability, physicochemical properties, and biocompatibility. Smart hydrogels can change their hydrophilicity, swelling ability, physical properties, and molecules permeability, influenced by external stimuli such as pH, temperature, electrical and magnetic fields, light, and the biomolecules’ concentration, thus resulting in the controlled release of the loaded drugs. Herein, this review encompasses the latest investigations in the field of stimuli-responsive drug-loaded hydrogels and our contribution to this matter.     

纳米材料介导的siRNA和抗癌药物递送系统的研究进展

RNA干扰(RNAi)正逐步成为癌症治疗中强而有力的技术手段。siRNA可被设计用于特异沉默那些参与耐药及化疗无效基因的表达,是一种重要的RNAi的工具。目前,可以通过si RNA和其他组合疗法的协同效应来提高抗肿瘤药物的治疗效果。然而,共同递送这些多样的抗癌药物需要设计相应的纳米载体。将重点介绍基于脂质体、聚合物和无机纳米载药体系的si RNA和抗癌药物共同递送系统,并讨论基于纳米载体递送系统下的si RNA及抗癌药物的联用情况。     

微/纳米药物给药系统的研究进展

在过去的几十年中,探索高效的微/纳米给药系统一直是药剂学领域的研究热点。不同的微/纳米颗粒已被用于药物输送的研究,以期实现有效靶向给药,最大限度地减少副作用,从而提高治疗效果。本文主要综述了微/纳米药物输送给药系统及在药物制剂领域应用。     

聚乳酸载药系统的研究进展

聚乳酸及其共聚物由于其生物相容性和生物可降解性,被广泛应用于医药和生物学领域。文章就国内外对聚乳酸及其共聚物作为新型载药系统的研究,进行了归纳总结。旨在说明聚乳酸作为药物载体的优势和发展前景。     

磷酸钙骨水泥作为药物缓释载体的研究

论述了磷酸钙骨水泥作为药物缓释载体承载不同药物以及载药前后的特征变化，分析了药物缓释载体的动力学原理及其影响药物释放率的因素，磷酸钙骨水泥生物相容性和药物控释性好，可最大限度地治疗和预防外科手术感染，在临床上已成为应用最多的药物缓释载体。     

Development of Drug Delivery Systems Based on Layered Hydroxides for Nanomedicine

Layered hydroxides (LHs) have recently fascinated researchers due to their wide application in various fields. These inorganic nanoparticles, with excellent features as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems, have the potential to play an important role in healthcare. Owing to their outstanding ion-exchange capacity, many organic pharmaceutical drugs have been intercalated into the interlayer galleries of LHs and, consequently, novel nanodrugs or smart drugs may revolutionize in the treatment of diseases. Layered hydroxides, as green nanoreservoirs with sustained drug release and cell targeting properties hold great promise of improving health and prolonging life.     

Enlargement of Nanoemulsion Region in Pseudo-ternary Mixing Diagrams for a Drug Delivery System

The purpose of this research was to develop the pseudo-ternary mixing diagrams for a potential drug delivery system consisting of vitamin E (potential drug) + soybean oil + surfactant + co-surfactant (anhydrous glycerol) + water. The potential drug (vitamin E) was loaded in the oil phase. The effects of different surfactants (pure and mixed) on the mixing diagrams, especially on the nanoemulsion region, were investigated. The influence of the drug loading level on the mixing diagrams was also determined. The surfactants studied were polyethoxylated (20) sorbitan monolaurate, polyethoxylated (20) sorbitan monooleate, polyethoxylated (35) castor oil and their mixtures. The size (area) of the nanoemulsion region of the mixing diagrams was found to be dependent on the type of surfactant used and the loading level of the drug (vitamin E).     

Characterization of Magnesium Orotate‐Loaded Chitosan Polymer Nanoparticles for a Drug Delivery System

The drug release properties of magnesium orotate (MgOr) encapsulated in the chitosan (CS) cavity and the complexation behavior between MgOr and CS were investigated. The MgOr‐loaded CS nanoparticles (MgOrCSNPs) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. MgOr was successfully encapsulated into the CS cavity. Results with 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide indicated that MgOrCSNPs retained their cytotoxic activity against the liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7), and low toxicity against the human cell line (3T3) and human retinal epithelial cell line (ARPE‐19).     

MEMS-Based Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: A Short Review

The use of microelectromechanical systems-based drug delivery vehicles is on the rise. These advancements in the technologies have enabled the researchers in developing miniaturized devices including drug delivery platforms. This has opened up a new arena in pharmaceutical research. The main advantage of these devices is their ability to control the release profile of the drugs in a temporal scale. The main components of the microelectromechanical systems-based drug delivery devices are the microsensors, microvalves, micropumps, microchannel and a miniaturized control system. The current review discusses the different pumping mechanisms and clinical applications of the microelectromechanical systems-based delivery devices.