基于小波变换的模极大值降噪法的实现及改进

传统的模极大值序列处理方法虽然可以保留信号特征,但降噪后的信号在奇异点有毛刺和轻微的振荡。模极大值序列的改进方法是对模极大值序列进行软阈值处理,由于软阈值函数是连续的,所以降噪信号会更加光滑。通过MATIAB仿真实验说明,改进方法能有效地改善毛刺和振荡现象。     

多层次模极大值降噪算法研究

小波模极大值去噪方法具有很好的理论基础,却在应用上存在许多影响去噪性能的因素,如最优分解尺度选择、收缩阈值估计、模极大值线搜索及重构算法的效率和精度。在经典Mallat模极大值去噪算法的基础上,提出多层次模极大值降噪算法,设定分解尺度的最优选择范围,并利用改进的自适应阈值估计对模极大值序列进行预处理及利用多项式插值对模极大值序列进行快速重构。Maltab仿真结果表明多层次模极大值降噪算法具有良好的去噪性能,有效解决模极大值去噪方法在实际应用中面临的问题。     

模极大值降噪法在信号降噪中的应用

利用信号与噪声奇异点Lipschitz指数的区别,以及反映在其小波变换模极大值曲线上的特点,应用小波变换模极大值降噪法,对含有带限高斯白噪声的数字通信信号进行了降噪处理,并对降噪原理、算法和仿真结果进行了较为详细的分析。提出了一种信号重构新方法,该方法利用小波变换对信号和噪声的模极大值进行分离,通过对噪声模极大值对应的小波系数进行线性压缩后重构信号,并用仿真试验验证了该方法的有效性。     

几种雷达辐射源信号降噪算法比较分析

基于波形配对的雷达辐射源信号分选识别方法受噪声影响大,需要对信号进行降噪处理,降噪效果直接影响分选的准确率和实时性.首先介绍了基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)的滤波降噪法,对4种经典滤波器进行特性分析.鉴于经典滤波法存在适用范围窄、降噪效果不理想的缺陷,又介绍了模极大值法、阈值法、小波包分析法3类基于小波变换的降噪算法,提出了以纯净信号和降噪后信号的信噪比、均方误差指标来衡量降噪效果,为小波变换降噪法的研究指明了方向.     

基于优化ESMD-ICA的海面微弱目标检测

针对强海杂波背景下的海面微弱目标检测问题,提出基于优化ESMD-ICA的检测算法.利用小波模极大值去噪算法对信号预去噪,再采用优化ESMD-ICA去噪算法,最后用优化灰狼算法(GWO)改进的ELM模型对重构的去噪信号做预测.利用IPIX雷达实测数据验证新算法,实验证明:新算法在抑制海杂波前提下,未破坏信号的混沌性质,新预测模型的检测性能远胜于传统预测模型(BP神经网络).新算法在去噪效果、模型训练与检测时间以及检测器稳定性等方面均表现良好,有利于算法广泛应用于实际工程.     

基于非平稳时间序列处理的雷达信号融合

本文提出一种基于非平稳时间序列处理的雷达信号融合方法,该方法利用时间序列对非平稳的目标雷达散射回波信号在频域进行建模预测,然后利用去卷积与子空间分析技术对两个子带雷达信号进行处理,最后融合成一个等效的宽带信号。仿真试验表明,本文所提出的方法可以提高目标成像分辨率,有利于目标的检测与识别。     

重构小波系数的分段三次样条插值新算法

利用小波变换模极大值原理对信号去噪之后,如何由保留下来的模极大值点恢复出满意的重构信号,是一个重要课题.本文首先分析模极大值与小波系数之间的内在关系,提出了模极大值实际上是小波系数在特定意义下的离散采样;然后给出了一种对模极大值进行预处理的方法,由此得到了一组新的伪模极大值序列;利用这组伪模极大值序列,提出了一种新的重构小波系数的分段三次样条插值(PCSI)新算法,该算法程序简单,易实现,克服了交替投影(AP)法计算量大、程序复杂等缺点;最后给出一个应用实例,实验结果表明,与经典的交替投影法相比,本文提出的PCSI算法可获得更高的重构信号信噪比增益和更小的相对均方误差,它是一种实际、有效的算法.     

基于相控阵雷达回波极化信息的检测研究

在相控阵雷达中采用序列检测可提高雷达信号检测性能和改善数据库，本文利用雷达极化信息对三种典型序列检测方法进行了改进研究。并对这三种改进算法在相控阵雷达中的应用性能作了详细的分析，同时进行了相干视频仿真实验。仿真结果表明：极化信息的利用使雷达搜索目标能力得到明显改善，同时双幅度门限检测法的应用使相控阵雷达的检测性能更加优越。     

一种频域合成宽带雷达信号的快速算法

基于对经典线性调频步进信号频域合成宽带算法及运算量的分析,针对频域合成宽带算法处理速度有待提高和工程应用的局限性,文中对算法进行了优化改进,提出了一种新的频域合成宽带的快速算法.该算法通过优化处理流程、降低处理点数,减少了运算量,提高了处理效率.该算法性能与经典频域合成宽带算法一致,且无需专门设置雷达参数,实现了频域合成宽带算法工程应用.     

基于小波分析的脉搏波信号处理

对脉搏波信号进行分析之前,对信号的去噪非常重要,本论文利用Mallat算法对脉搏波信号进行多分辨分析和去噪,分别对阈值法、平移不变量法、模极大值法的降噪原理进行分析,通过大量实验对比,比较了它们在处理脉搏波信号方面的优缺点。通过对一段含噪脉搏波信号降噪,得到了满意的去噪效果。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.