航空电子全双工交换式以太网故障注入方法研究

航空电子全双工交换式以太网(AFDX)是成功应用于新一代大型飞机的新型航空数据总线.针对AFDX适航性及网络容错性能研究的需要,开展了有关AFDX网络故障注入方法的研究.在AFDX实验系统上,通过软件方法进行动态故障注入,测试AFDX网络对注入故障的响应,验证了AFDX网络的可靠性、健壮性及容错性能,并为进一步研究AFDX网络性能及故障诊断提供了大量测试数据,对深入开展AFDX适航技术研究打下了基础.     

AFDX端系统通信端口的设计与实现

航空电子全双工交换以太网(AFDX)通信端口作为AFDX端系统提供给应用程序的接口,对于AFDX网络消息的传递有着重要的作用.针对AFDX端系统仿真接口板卡的AFDX协议栈在板上实现的特点,提出了一种满足AFDX协议的通信端口的实现方法.端口在端系统驱动中通过加载配置,创建端口、端口发送/接收3个步骤实现,经过应用程序测试验证了其正确性和可靠性.     

基于FPGA的AFDX端系统的设计与实现

航空电子全双工交换式以太网(AFDX)是航空数据总线的最佳选择之一;AFDX端系统是AFDX网络的重要组成部分,为航空电子子系统与AFDX网络之间提供了信息收发的通道,保证了航空电子子系统之间数据交换的安全性和可靠性;文中在分析研究ARINC664规范第7部分的基础上,提出了符合该规范要求的基于FPGA的AFDX端系统设计方案,给出了虚拟链路层模块的具体实现;在TechSAT测试平台的实验结果证明,设计的端系统满足ARINC664规范要求,具有较高的可靠性和稳定性。     

民用飞机高速航电系统AFDX网络设计与分析

针对AFDX网络在民用飞机综合化航空电子系统中应用,在对AFDX网络协议技术特点分析的基础上,提出了交换机体系架构和端系统体系架构的实施方案。分析了交换机帧过滤、流量警管、帧调度与转发的实现方式,论述了端系统虚拟链路调度、余度管理和协议栈的实施机制。研制了AFDX网络交换机和端系统,并开发了支持网络应用的配置仿真以及数据加载工具,提供了AFDX网络在航电系统应用的全套解决方案。通过AFDX网络测试平台对研制的交换机与端系统产品进行了验证测试,实际测试结果表明,AFDX网络交换机、端系统产品的设计完全符合ARINC664规范设计要求,能够满足高速航空电子网络数据传输的实时性、确定性与可靠性要求。     

AFDX网络系统建模与仿真实现

对于AFDX这种新型航空数据网络系统,采用网络仿真技术对其进行实时性和确定性研究是非常必要的。实现AFDX系统的仿真,首先需要AFDX的网络仿真模型,建模成为了仿真系统实现的核心问题。在研究和分析AFDX系统及仿真需求的基础上,采用UML语言,并运用例图、类图、状态图和动态序列图建立了完整的AFDX网络仿真模型,并依据所建的模型实现了AFDX网络系统的仿真。通过仿真分析了AFDX网络端到端的时延和抖动,验证了AFDX网络的性能。     

AFDX 网络系统监控设计与实现

航空电子全双工交换式以太网AFDX (Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet)作为一种新型航空总线技术,因具备高实时性、高稳定性、可扩展性等特点已在空客A380等大型商用飞机上进行了成功应用,并将成为新一代飞机的主流通信网络。如何对AFDX网络的性能进行有效地测试验证将会直接影响着航空电子系统的平稳发展。本文通过分析AFDX网络系统工作过程,提出了一种基于并联方式数据采集的网络监控方案,系统授时精度高、同步性强。通过实际测试验证,该系统可以有效地对AFDX网路系统的实时性和可靠性等性能进行测试评估。     

AFDX网络系统测试设计与实现

AFDX (Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet)作为新型航空总线技术,已经在空客A380/400M、波音B787等飞机上得到成功应用。AFDX网络的出现为航空电子系统的发展提供了一种高实时性和可靠性的解决方案。如何有效论证一个AFDX网络系统的实时性和可靠性成为了AFDX网络系统测试方面的一个重大课题。通过采用数 据收发,网络监控和故障注入的方式对 AFDX 网络系统的可靠性进行有效的评测,实现了一种 AFDX 网络系统测 试和评估系统。经过测试,该测试系统可以有效地对AFDX网络系统的可靠性进行评估和测试。     

基于FPGA IP核的AFDX与ARINC429总线转换接口设计

航空电子全双工交换式以太网(AFDX)是下一代航电系统的主干连接网,ARINC429是一种在航空电子系统领域中较成熟的总线标准,在某些分系统内仍然被采用;如何实现这两种总线的转换是目前航电系统的关键技术之一;利用设计的AFDX 协议和ARINC429 协议的IP核,完成了两种总线协议的相互转换;从AFDX数据帧中解析出429数据字,或者将429数据字添加到AFDF协议各层首部组成AFDX帧;通过Modelsim SE的RTL级的仿真和FPGA的实物测试,结果表明AFDX协议帧和ARINC429数据字可以相互转换,验证了IP核及总线转换接口设计的正确性。     

基于时延分析的AFDX智能网络管理模型全局调度算法研究

为了更好地解决航空电子AFDX网络在应用上的不确定性问题,通过对AFDX网络时延进行分析,在建立AFDX智能网络管理模型的基础上提出了全局调度算法,该算法从AFDX网络全局角度出发,动态实时地调整调度算法、平衡网络负载,通过NS-2进行网络仿真,结果显示此算法能够有效地减少数据的最大延迟抖动,明显提高了AFDX网络的数据传送效能,更好地满足了航空电子网络数据传输的实时性要求,使AFDX网络运行更加高速可靠.     

AFDX冗余管理机制的仿真

介绍了AFDX系统的组成及体系结构,通过对AFDX实时通信协议的冗余管理机制和冗余帧处理算法的分析和研究,提出具有较高可靠性的冗余帧处理算法ESKM.并通过时间自动机理论和UPPAAL工具模拟仿真,验证了其满足航空电子网络数据传输的可靠性需求.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.