一种新的基于混沌变异解决早熟收敛的遗传算法

给出解决遗传算法早熟收敛问题的统一框架，基于新的混沌变异模型提出一种新的遗传算法。该算法充分利用混沌的初值敏感性和轨道遍历性，克服了已有混沌变异模型存在搜索盲区大的缺点。多峰值函数优化计算结果验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

混沌蜜蜂双种群进化遗传算法

利用混沌运动的遍历性、随机性和规律性等特点,提出混沌蜜蜂双种群进化遗传算法。该算法在基于蜜蜂双种群进化遗传算法的基础上,利用混沌优化进行改善初始种群质量和利用混沌退化变异算子代替常规算法中的变异算子,避免搜索过程陷入局部极值。实验结果表明,该算法计算速度快、收敛性好,提高了常规遗传算法的收敛速度和优化效果。     

易腐物品车辆路径问题的并行遗传算法

本文采用并行遗传算法研究了易腐物品的车辆路径问题。通过设计粗粒度并行遗传算法和交叉、变异等算子,提高了算法的计算效率和性能。最后,以计算示例验证了算法的有效性。     

遗传算子的分析

阐述了遗传算法的特点，分析了遗传算法中选择算子、交叉算子和变异算子的特性，讨论了不同遗传算子对算法最优结果的获得所起的作用，提出了改善算法性能的措施，并设计了切实可行的选择算子、交叉算子和变异算子。模拟结果表明，遗传算法能在较短的时间内提供优化解，为解决复杂的优化问题提供了可行方案。     

并行遗传算法收敛性分析及优化运算

经典遗传算法（Canonical Genetic Algorihms)利用单一种群对种群个体进行交叉、变异和选择操作，在进行过程中的超级个体易产生过早收敛现象，粗粒度并行遗传算法利用多个子群进行进化计算，各子群体分别独立进行遗传操作，相互交换最优个体后继续进化。文证明了该算法的搜索过程是一个有限时齐遍历马尔柯夫链，给出粗粒度并行遗传算法全局最优收敛性证明。对于旅行商问题TSP（Traveling Salesman Problem)利用粗粒度并行遗传算法进行了求解，以解决经典遗传算法的收敛到局部最优值问题。仿真结果表明，算法的收敛性能优于经典遗传算法。     

遗传算法在汇编语言程序分片中的应用

程序分片在程序设计、并行、诊断与测试等方面均有广泛的应用，介绍了一种用遗传算法计算最小动态分片的算法。将整个程序看成是一个染色体，而每条语句看成为基因，通过现有遗传算法的操作：选择、变异、交叉等，就可以计算出动态分片，并给出了一个诊断汇编语言的实例。     

基于多种群的自适应免疫进化计算

将免疫思想同思维进化计算相结合，提出一种新的基于多种群的自适应免疫进化算法（IABM），算法定义了选择、记忆、克隆、超变异、抑制5种基本算子．试验结果表明该算法具有高效的收敛速度，并能收敛到全局最优点．与多种群遗传算法和思维进化计算相比，IABM收敛速度更快，收敛率更高．     

砉于神经网络和遗传算法的组播路由算法

提出了一种基于神经网络和遗传算法的新颖的QoS组播路由算法，该路由算法把神经网络和遗传算法结合起来，并给出了一种非常便于进行交叉、变异等遗传操作的新编码方式。从而克服了传统遗传算法中存在的早熟现象，加快了收敛速度。仿真结果显示，算法在收敛速度方面要优于单纯的遗传算法和神经网络方法。     

混凝土桩基SAGA层析成像算法实验研究

在土木工程领域，混凝土桩基是各种大型建筑结构中主要承力和抗震结构，其结构质量将对建筑结构的使用安全产生巨大的影响，但目前的超声层析成像检测结果还是很难达到实际要求。本文提出一种基于模拟退火遗传算法的层析成像方法，首先结合超声波在混凝土中的传播特点，建立物理意义明确的二次增广目标函数。然后，综合多位变异自适应遗传算法的快速自适应优化搜索能力与模拟退火算法对全局搜索的控制能力，编写混凝土桩基层析成像算法，并完成混凝土桩基成像系统。最后对该成像系统进行实验验证，与遗传算法计算结果比较，该算法计算结果迭代次数明显减少、计算速度更快、声速差异度更大、内嵌目标更加突出、成像结果更准确。     

Web服务组合QoS优化中的改进遗传算法

结合模拟退火算法与传统遗传算法,提出一种应用于Web服务组合质量优化的改进遗传算法。在选择算子和变异算子的筛选过程中引入模拟退火算法选择更优解的思想,并在算法选择和变异过程中通过设置过滤劣质基因的概率以及逐渐增加变异比率,保证算法种群的多样性。实验结果表明,与传统遗传算法、模拟退火算法、粒子群优化算法等相比,改进算法的收敛速度更快,并且获取的Web服务组合质量更高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.