Preparation of SiO2 Nanoparticles by Silicon and Their Dispersion Stability

Silicon dioxide sol was synthesized by silicon tn the presence of alkali catalyst. ,SiO2 nanoparticles (size in 8- 15nm) aqueous dispersion was prepared by using dispersion and surface modification in situ. The effects of reaction time, temperature, medium pH value, dispersant and surface-modifier on their diameters, sizes distribution and dispersion stability were also studied. The experimental results show that the preparation method can effectively resolve the dispersion stability of SiO2 nanoparticles in water.     

Preparation of SiO_2 Nanoparticles by Silicon and Their Dispersion Stability

1Introduction Nanoparticleshavesomespecialpropertiesinopti cal,electric,thermal,andmagneticaspects[1].AfterRoyandKormarnenifirstputforwardtheconceptofnano recombination[2]in1984,therecombinationofinorganicnanoparticlesandorganicpolymerhasbeenanactivere se…     

表面修饰铂的铜纳米颗粒的制备及催化性能

为探索表面修饰铂的铜纳米颗粒的催化性能,分别以硫酸铜、氯铂酸为前驱物、硼氢化钾为还原剂制备了溶剂稳定的铜和铂纳米颗粒;并以铜纳米颗粒为种子、将氯铂酸溶解其中,在以硼氢化钾为还原剂的基础上制备了表面修饰了铂的铜纳米颗粒。所制备的三种纳米颗粒均为球形,粒径分别为1.7 nm、2.1 nm、2.4 nm.在30℃、1.01×105Pa的条件下,所制备的表面修饰了铂的铜纳米颗粒在环己烯的催化加氢反应中具有比铂纳米颗粒和铜纳米颗粒更高的催化活性。     

纳米SiO2和纳米CaCO3增强混凝土强度的试验研究

为了研究纳米SiO2、纳米CaCO3对混凝土力学性能的影响,进行了混凝土抗压强度和抗劈裂强度试验.纳米SiO2以0.5%,1.0%,2.0%,3.0%,纳米CaCO3以1.0%,3.0%等量取代水泥,标准养护7,28,78,128 d后进行混凝土强度测试.结果表明:纳米SiO2以3%等量取代时可以加速混凝土中C-S-H凝胶在水化早期和二次水化反应中的形成,从而提高混凝土的抗压和劈裂强度,从经济的角度考虑纳米SiO2的最优掺量为2%;纳米CaCO3可以吸收Ca(OH)2,促进水化碳铝酸钙的生成而提高混凝土的强度,其最优掺量为3%.     

激光烧蚀制备纳米Si晶粒尺寸均匀性与靶衬间距的关系

为了对纳米Si薄膜中晶粒尺寸的分布进行定量研究,首次提出“晶粒尺寸均匀度”的概念,并对Lowndes等人采用脉冲激光烧蚀方法制备纳米Si薄膜的实验结果进行了定量分析。结果表明,随着靶衬间距的增大,晶粒尺寸均匀度先减小后增大,也就是说,存在靶衬间距的最佳值,使所制备的纳米Si晶粒的尺寸均匀性最好。MonteCarlo模拟结果对这一结论进行了解释。     

盐分对TiO2表面包覆SiO2膜的影响

阐述了TiO2表面进行包覆SiO2改善其耐候性的研究,结果表明改性的效果与包覆成膜过程中TiO2浆料所含盐分量有很大关系:TiO2初品浆料经过洗涤除去大部分Na 后再包覆SiO2,不但包膜过程中TiO2粒度分布比较均匀,且粒径小于1μm以下的TiO2颗粒所占的比例比较大,包膜效果比较好.在实验研究的基础上,对TiO2分散性受盐分影响的根本原因以及除盐的必要性进行了深入的理论分析.     

Preparation of magnetic chitosan nanoparticles and immobilization of laccase

The magnetic chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by reversed-phase suspension method using Span-80 as an emulsifier, glutaraldehyde as cross-linking reagent. And the nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, FT-IR and hysteresis loop. The results show that the nanoparticles are spherical and almost superparamagnetic. The laccase was immobilized on nanoparticles by adsorption and subsequently by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The immobilization conditions and characterizations of the immobilized laccase were investigated. The optimal immobilization conditions were as follows: 10 mL of phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.0) containing 50 mg of magnetic chitosan nanoparticles, 1.0 mg · mL⁻1 of laccase and 1% (v/v) glutaraldehyde, immobilization temperature of 4°C and immobilization time of 4 h. The immobilized laccase exhibited an appreciable catalytic capability (480 units · g⁻¹ support) and had good storage stability and operation stability. The K _m of immobilized and free laccase for ABTS were 140.6 and 31.1 μM in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 3.0) at 37 °C, respectively. The immobilized laccase is a good candidate for the research and development of biosensors based on laccase catalysis. Funded by Key Project of National Science Foundation of China (No. 60537050) and the National Science Foundation of China (No. 60377032)     

流动性对股票交易价格影响的实证研究

为提高上市公司制定财务政策和投资者投资决策的科学性,以换手率作为流动性的度量标准,对我国股权分置改革前两批试点中45家上市公司流通股的交易价格、流通市值及股票流动性在股改前后的变化进行对比,分析上述因素股权分置改革前后的变化趋势和相互关系,进一步分析流动性的影响因素.结果表明:股权分置改革后的一段时期,股票价格有所下降;流通市值没有显著变化;股票流动性大幅提高;换手率与交易价格负相关;与流通股数量显著正相关.说明股权分置改革的一段时间内,社会各方利益基本保持稳定,流动性增强的重要原因是流通股数量的增加,流动性的增强反过来制约股票价格的偏离,影响股票价格.     

Surface modification of Fe304 nanoparticles and their magnetic properties

Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method, and the influences of the surfactant sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuecinate (AOT) on the particles were investigated. The structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of the products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It is confirmed that the as-prepared nanopartieles have been modified by using the surfactant during the synthesis process. The amount of the surfactant has an effect on the size, the dispersal, and the magnetic properties of the particles. Besides, the mechanisms of the influences were also discussed.     

维生素E自乳化固体分散体的制备

采用固体分散体技术来提高维生素E的生物利用度.以自乳化辅料和载体A为载体,采用熔融法,制备维生素E自乳化固体分散体（VE-SEDS）,通过溶出度实验,考察其溶出速率,并以测定紫外吸收光谱和粒径来鉴别药物在载体中的存在状态.研究结果表明：当维生素E自乳化制剂∶载体A（w/w）=1∶8时制得的维生素E自乳化固体分散体平均粒径为44.9 nm,累计溶出百分率在5、20 min分别达到64.7%、91.1%,溶出效果明显优于VE（0%）.将维生素E制成自乳化固体分散体后,提高了维生素E自乳化制剂的稳定性,增加了维生素E在人工肠液中的溶出度.     

分散聚合制备大粒径单分散聚苯乙烯微球

采用分散聚合法制备了粒径大小均一的聚苯乙烯微球,研究了单体、稳定剂、引发剂及溶剂比对微球粒径大小及粒径分布的影响,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对微球结构进行表征,用扫描电镜对微球外观形态进行了表征。当单体质量分数为29.52%,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为稳定剂、质量分数为3.94%,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂、质量分数为2.36%,溶剂为乙醇时,制备得到平均粒径达到10.06μm单分散大粒径聚苯乙烯微球。     

微乳液法制备ZnS纳米颗粒

采用了微乳液法制备ZnS纳米颗粒.该微乳液是以Span80-Tween60为复合表面活性剂,正丁醇为助表面活性剂,120#汽油为分散介质,乙酸锌水溶液为水相的反相微乳液体系.发现该微乳液的优化配比为22g汽油,4g复合表面活性剂（Span80-Tween60配比为1.11）,正丁醇1.5mL,乙酸锌水溶液（1.2mol/L）的最大增溶量为6.3mL,在此微乳液中,逐滴加入适量Na2S水溶液并搅拌,于室温下反应30min后,对反应体系进行破乳、洗涤、分离,最后将产物浸泡在无水乙醇中,并对该产物的乙醇溶胶进行超临界干燥,得到白色疏松的纳米粉.用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对产物的组成、大小、形貌进行了表征,结果表明产物主要为立方晶体结构的ZnS,粒子大小均匀,粒径为10～20nm,且分散性良好.     

分散聚合制备大粒径单分散聚苯乙烯微球

采用分散聚合法制备了粒径大小均一的聚苯乙烯微球,研究了单体、稳定剂、引发剂及溶剂比对微球粒径大小及粒径分布的影响,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对微球结构进行表征,用扫描电镜对微球外观形态进行了表征。当单体质量分数为29.52%,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为稳定剂、质量分数为3.94%,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂、质量分数为2.36%,溶剂为乙醇时,制备得到平均粒径达到10.06μm单分散大粒径聚苯乙烯微球。     

Influence of polymer dispersants on dispersion stability of nano-TiO2 aqueous suspension and its application in inner wall latex paint

The effects of SN5040 and polyethylene glycol(PEG)individually and in combination on the dispersion stability of nano-TiO2 aqueous suspension were investigated by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy.The adsorption mechanism of these dispersants was detected by zeta potential,isothermal absorption and FTIR analysis.It is found that SN5040 is superior for stabilizing nano-TiO2 in aqueous suspension to PEG in basic region,and the optimum mass fraction of SN5040 addition is 3%.In the case of NaCl addition,the optimum value increases with the increase of NaCl concentration in the solution.When the mixture of SN5040 and PEG is employed,the antagonism appears preponderant.When SN5040 and PEG are added sequentially,the synergistic reaction takes place.The synergistic reaction can be attributed to the mechanism that PEG adsorption decreases the electronic repulsion between SN5040 molecules,which results in the increase of SN5040 adsorption density.PEG is adsorbed by the interaction with the pre-adsorbed SN5040 layer.Furthermore,the modified inner wall latex paint with well dispersed nano-TiO2 suspension is endowed with excellent ultraviolet absorption and antibacterial properties.     

微乳液反胶团法制备超细微粒SO4^2—／ZrO2催化剂

应用AS/环已烷/水的微乳液反胶团体系制备超细微粒SO4^2-/ZrO2催化剂,研究了焙烧温度的对纳米催化特性的影响,通过酯化反应表征了超细微粒SO4^2-/ZrO2催化剂的催化作用,得到具有应用价值的良好结果。     

Surface modification of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles and their magnetic properties

Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method,and the influences of the surfactant sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) on the particles were investigated. The structure,morphology,and magnetic properties of the products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR),and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It is confirmed that the as-prepared nanoparticles have been modified by ...     

分散聚合法制备窄分散聚苯乙烯微球

以苯乙烯（St）为单体,偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）为引发剂,聚乙烯毗咯烷酮（PVP）为分散稳定剂,在甲醇（MeOH）反应介质,使用分散聚合法制备了窄分散的聚苯乙烯微球．分别采用红外（IR）、扫描电镜（sEM）、粒度分析（SPAN）等手段,表征了聚苯乙烯（PS）微球的组成成分、表面形貌、粒径及其分布．并讨论了个各个因素对所制备微球的粒径及其分布的影响．当St质量分数为溶剂量的10％,AIBN质量分数为单体量的0．15％,PVP质量分数为单体量的1．5％时,该条件下制备的微球粒径为1．38μm,SPAN值为0．77,微球形貌及其分散性最佳．     

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Fe-doped TiO_2 nanoparticles

1　INTRODUCTIONAsagoodphotocatalyst ,TiO2 hasattractedex tensiveinterestduetoitsvariousexceedingpropertieswithalargesurfacearea ,nontoxicity ,highstability ,lowcost ,andhighcatalysisforchemicalwastetreat ment[1] .PhotocatalyticreactionsoccuronthesurfaceofTiO2 particles .Whenaphotonwithenergyhve qualtoorexceedingtheTiO2 energygap(Eg =3.2eV ,λ=387nm)isabsorbedbyaTiO2 particle ,electron holepairswillbegenerated ,whichcanre duceandoxidatethepollutantsinbothwaterandair .Itisgenerallybelie…     

纳米LaFeO3的制备和表征及其气相光催化性能

以硝酸镧和硝酸铁为原料,柠檬酸为络合剂,利用溶胶凝胶法制备了钙钛矿结构的纳米LaFeO3,并用TG-DTA、XRD、BET、SPS等方法对样品进行了表征．重点考察了热处理温度对光催化降解气相正戊炕活性的影响,探讨了表面光电压信号与光催化活性的关系．结果表明：热处理温度为500℃时,钙钛矿结构的纳米LaFeO3开始生成,随着焙烧温度升高,结晶度变高．在光催化实验中,500℃焙烧的纳米LaFeO3表现出较高的光催化活性,且焙烧温度升高,光催化活性下降,与表征结果一致．说明热处理温度越低,LaFeO3纳米晶尺寸越小,SPS信号越弱,光催化活性越高．     

Preparation of natural brucite nanofibers by the dispersion method

The preparation of natural brucite nanofibers through dispersion by the wet process is described. The test results indicate that brucite fibers can be well dispersed by using sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (OT) as the dispersant at a dispersant/fiber mass ratio of 0.15:1, dispersing for 30 min at a water/solid mass ratio of 20:1. The prepared nanofibers were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It is shown that the prepared single brucite nanofiber is around 30 nm in diameter and the talus of the nonsingle brucite nanofibers is about 50-150 nm in diameter. Natural brucite mineral fibers were treated by the dispersion method to obtain nanomaterials. These fibers have significant advantages over artificial nanofibers both in yield and in cost.