Effect of synthetic sea-water on the crack growth properties of HY 140 steel weldment

The influence of a synthetic sea-water environment on the crack growth properties of HY140 steel base metal, heat-affected zone material and weld metal was investigated and the results presented in terms of fracture mechanics parameters. Data were generated under both sustained load and cyclic loading conditions with 1 in. thick compact tension specimens. Results show that a synthetic sea-water environment does not effect the crack growth properties of HY140 steel weldments under the test conditions studied.     

Effect of atmosphere on the PTCR properties of BaTiO3 ceramics

The influence of low-temperature annealing, at < 360 °C, in various reducing and oxidizing atmospheres for a series of BaTiO₃ ceramics with a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) is discussed. Combined impedance and modulus spectroscopy is used to analyse a.c. impedance data and shows that the total resistance of the sample can be composed of up to three components, dependent on the cooling rate from the sintering temperature. For quickly cooled samples the PTCR response is dominated by an outer shell on individuals grains, whereas for slowly cooled samples the grain boundary resistance dominates. Annealing in reducing atmospheres destroys the grain boundary PTCR effect whereas the outer-shell grain PTCR effect is relatively insensitive to the reducing atmosphere. It is proposed that the acceptor states responsible for the outer-grain and grain-boundary PTCR effects are predominantly intrinsic metal vacancies, i.e. Ba and/or Ti, and adsorbed oxygen, respectively.     

Effect of nitrogen on properties of submerged arc weld metal

Abstract

A systematic study of the effect of nitrogen contents from 33 to 210 ppm on the microstructure and mechanical properties of submerged arc deposits has indicated that the optimum toughness occurs when the nitrogen content is about 70 ppm. The fracture appearance transition temperature was lower at the highest and lowest nitrogen levels. Changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties of the deposit were satisfactorily interpreted with the aid of a model in which the reaction sequence was Ti with O₂ then Ti with N₂, and then B with N₂.

MST/607     

The probe diagnostics of free-burning arc in the atmosphere

A procedure of ac probe measurements is suggested for spatially unstable and unsteady-state atmospheric-pressure plasma. The procedure is evaluation tested by way of measuring the distribution of concentrations of charged particles in the interelectrode space of extended arc with graphite electrodes, which burns in free atmosphere of air. This arc is distinguished by an atypical geometry of the discharge channel, significant instability of its position in space, and appreciable current and voltage fluctuations.     

Time-independent mechanical properties of a chromium-manganese austenitic steel weldment

Room and elevated (450° C) temperature tensile data and room temperature notch impact data on weld metal and a welded joint of 10 wt % Cr-17.5 wt % Mn austenitic steel, a candidate material for thermonuclear fusion reactor first wall and blanket structures, are reported and discussed in terms of the microstructural features observed.     

不锈钢药芯焊丝焊接电弧气氛的光谱分析

针对不锈钢药芯焊丝电弧气氛在线监测难以实现的问题,该文开展不同工艺条件下的焊接实验,采用光纤式数字光谱仪,采集不锈钢药芯焊丝气体保护焊的电弧辐射光谱信息,并对采集到的光谱信息进行标定、对比分析,获取其蕴含的电弧气氛信息,进而对其焊接过程的特点及其辐射变化规律进行研究。结果表明:该方法可对电弧气氛元素进行有效定性检测分析,为不锈钢药芯焊丝焊接电弧气氛的检测提供理论和实验基础。     

Effect of the pressure of sputtering atmosphere on the physical properties of amorphous aluminum oxide films

Amorphous aluminum oxide films were prepared by rf-sputtering at various values of the pressure of sputtering atmosphere, and their density, refractive index, Young's modulus and internal stress were measured. The physical properties of the present films depended on the pressure of sputtering atmosphere. The density, refractive index, and Young's modulus decreased with the pressure below about 6.5 Pa, beyond which they increased. The compressive stress and tensile stress were induced in the films depending upon the pressure of sputtering atmosphere, and the tensile stress reached a maximum at the pressure of 6.5 Pa and then decreased as the pressure increased. From the results of the energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), it was found that the pressure of sputtering atmosphere gave a large influence to the chemical composition (the atomic ratio, O/Al) of the film. The pressure dependence of the physical properties was successful to be explained by the change of chemical compositions of the films. The presence of OH group in the films was verified by using FT-IR, and their microstructure was investigated by SEM study.     

平面弧靶结构对锆膜层性能的影响

通过对靶座结构的改变,使得靶面不再存在其他材质,由此提高了电弧离子镀膜膜层的纯度.考核了靶结构调整前后所镀制锫膜层的耐酸蚀性能,通过XPS手段测试了两种状态下膜层的成份及其含量,解释了两种膜层耐酸蚀性能差异的原因.     

烧结气氛对Ni-Fe尖晶石陶瓷致密化和导电性能的研究

制备了不同气氛下烧结的NiFe2O4陶瓷材料,研究了烧结气氛和烧结温度对NiFe2O4。陶瓷物相组成、致密度、导电率和显微组织的影响。结果表明：NiFe2O4在N2气氛下烧结时,晶格发生部分畸变,但物相组成不发生改变;与空气条件下烧结过程相比,N2气氛在保证材料获得较高的致密度和导电率的同时,有效降低了烧结温度。NiFe2O4陶瓷在N2气氛中1250℃烧结时,致密度为93．20％,960℃下的导电率20．83S／cm,气孔率为6．80％,平均晶粒粒径为4～5μm。     

氮气流量对电弧离子镀TiN薄膜性能的影响

氮化钛是一种应用较广泛的硬质薄膜,其性能受许多因素的影响,本文只改变氮气流量,固定其它工艺参数,对镀覆的氮化钛薄膜性能进行了分析和研究,得出了获得较好氮化钛薄膜综合性能的氮气流量.     

Effect of sintering atmosphere on properties of porous stainless steel for biomedical applications

This study discusses manufacturing of metallic biomaterials by means of powder metallurgy with consideration for their unquestionable advantages, i.e. opportunities of obtaining materials with controllable porosity. The paper focuses on properties of 316L stainless steel obtained using the method of powder metallurgy with respect to compacting pressure and sintering atmosphere. All the specimens were compacted at 700, 400 and 225 MPa, and sintered at 1250 °C. In order to analyze the sintering atmosphere, three different media were used: dissociated ammonia, hydrogen and vacuum. The study covered sintering density, porosity, microstructure analysis and corrosion resistance. The proposed method of powder metallurgy allowed for obtaining materials with predictable size and distribution of pores, depending on the parameters of sinter preparation (compaction force, sinter atmosphere). High corrosion resistance of the materials (sintering in the atmosphere of hydrogen and in vacuum) and high porosity in the sinters studied offer opportunities for using them for medical purposes.     

Effect of controlled rolling/controlled cooling parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of the novel pipeline steel

The study of controlled rolling/controlled cooling process parameters which affect the microstructure and mechanical properties of a novel pipeline steel has been optimized by the orthogonal experiment with four factors and three levels in this paper.However,the parameters of thermo-mechanical control process(TMCP)optimized by the Gleeble-3500 hot simulator could not satisfy performance requirements of the X100 pipeline steel.In order to improve the performance of this steel,the influence of finish cooling temperature(FCT) on the microstructure and property is studied in detail.It is found that,as this steel is thermo-mechanically treated by this set of parameters(the start heating temperature,finish rolling temperature(FRT),FCT and cooling rate of 1,180℃,810℃,350℃ and 35℃/s,respectively),the microstructures are mainly composed of granular bainite(GB)and acicular ferrite(AF).The effective grain sizes are below 20μm;the steel reaches the optimal balance between the strength and the toughness;the yield strength is 695 MPa;the tensile strength is 768 MPa;the elongation is 16.6%;the impact energy is 262 J at room temperature.All indexes could meet the requirements of X100 pipeline steel.     

热分解气氛对溶胶-凝胶法制备BLT铁电薄膜性能的影响

研究了热分解气氛对溶胶-凝胶法制备在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si衬底上的Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 (BLT)薄膜铁电性能的影响.在400℃时空气或氧气气氛下热分解20min,接着在700℃时氧气气氛下退火30min.氧气气氛下的热分解能充分分解掉薄膜中的有机成分,而空气气氛下的热分解使炭、氢有机成分部分残留在薄膜中.有机成分的不完全分解影响了退火过程中BLT薄膜晶化时晶粒的生长.表现出生长取向和晶粒尺寸对BLT薄膜铁电性能的影响.氧气和空气气氛下热分解的薄膜的剩余极化(Pr)和矫顽电场(Ec)分别为18.85μC/cm2,119.7kV/cm和12.56μC/cm2、112.5kV/cm.氧气气氛下热分解的薄膜的剩余极化值显著提高.所以热分解是控制铁电性能的重要步骤.     

电弧电流对AZ31B/DP980激光诱导电弧焊接接头成形及力学性能的影响

采用激光诱导钨极惰性气体保护(tungsten inert gas, TIG)电弧焊接技术,在未添加任何夹层和镀层的条件下,通过优化工艺,获得了AZ31B镁合金和DP980高强钢高质量搭接焊接头,重点研究TIG电弧电流对焊接接头成形和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：电弧电流的增大会提高镁合金在高强钢的润湿铺展能力,提升焊缝宽度的同时减小润湿角。镁合金/钢焊接接头的最大拉伸载荷随着电弧电流的增大先升高后降低,接头断裂模式由沿界面断裂转变为沿焊缝断裂。当TIG电流为80 A、激光功率为350 W时,焊接接头最大平均拉伸载荷达到279 N/mm。焊缝宽度和界面层厚度的增大以及激光匙孔的钉扎作用共同提升了镁合金/钢的接头性能。     

Influence of the atmosphere on space measurements of directional properties

To compare measurements performed in different geometrical conditions, one must take into account the angular anisotropy of the reflection properties of natural surfaces. As use of the exact boundary conditions in the radiative transfer codes seems prohibitive, a simple but accurate formulation of the problem has been sought. In this paper, two average angular reflectances are defined from which the reflected radiance may be deduced for any distribution of the downward radiance. Calculations made for different atmospheric models show that the solar directionality is partly preserved in the downward radiation field, so that the average reflectances can be written as a linear combination of actual reflectance and spherical albedo of the surface. Finally, the feasibility of detecting directional properties from space measurements is discussed.     

A study on low magnetic permeability gas tungsten arc weldment of AISI 316LN stainless steel for application in electron accelerator

Low magnetic permeability is an important criterion in selection of the material of construction of beam pipes and vacuum chambers of electron accelerators for safeguarding against distortion of the magnetic field. In the modified design of new 20 MeV/30 mA Injector Microtron for the existing synchrotron radiation sources Indus-1 and Indus-2, AISI 316 LN stainless steel has been identified as the material of construction of its vacuum chamber. Welding of AISI 316LN stainless steel with conventional filler alloys like ER316L and ER317L of AWS A5.9 produces duplex weld metal with 3–8% ferro-magnetic delta ferrite to avoid solidification cracking. The results of the study has demonstrated that GTAW of AISI 316LN SS with high Mn adaptation of W 18 16 5 N L filler produced a crack free non-magnetic weld with acceptable mechanical properties. Moreover, AISI 316LN stainless steel is not required to be solution annealed after the final forming operation for obtaining a low magnetic permeability, thereby avoiding solution annealing of large vacuum chamber in vacuum/controlled atmosphere furnace and associated problems of distortion. Besides Injector Microtron, the study also provides useful input for design of future indigenous accelerators with vacuum chambers of austenitic stainless steel.     

DC Arc Plasma Jet CVD金刚石自支撑膜的质量对物理性能的影响

本研究对Raman谱进行高斯（Gauss）和洛仑兹（Lorenz）分峰拟合，将金刚石自支撑膜Raman谱分成纯金刚石峰和非金刚石峰，对比两种方法的精度，结果显示高斯拟合的精度高些。运用经验公式计算出金刚石自支撑膜的质量因子，发现质量因子主要受纯金刚石峰强度和无定型碳峰强度的影响，非金刚石峰强度与质量因子成反比，纯金刚石峰强与质量因子成正比，同时还受到内应力的影响。质量因子与热导率、断裂强度和红外透过率的关系表明，金刚石自支撑膜的以上物理性能与其质量成正比关系。