地铁转向架连接螺栓断裂原因

某地铁列车转向架连接螺栓发生断裂事故,采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、拉伸试验、断口分析、金相分析等方法,对该连接螺栓的断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明:该连接螺栓的断裂性质为弯曲疲劳断裂,裂纹起源于螺纹根部。安装时未及时检查清理内螺纹孔的残留螺纹胶导致螺栓受力不均,以及螺纹根部存在轻微脱碳现象,再加上列车行驶时振动所产生的交变载荷,该地铁转向架连接螺栓于螺纹根部萌生裂纹,并以疲劳的方式扩展,最终发生断裂。     

直升机主桨毂顶盖连接螺栓断裂原因

某直升机主桨毂顶盖连接螺栓在定检时发现一根已断裂。采用宏观观察、微观分析、金相检验、能谱分析、硬度测试及受力分析等方法对连接螺栓的断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明:主桨毂顶盖连接螺栓的断裂性质为疲劳断裂。主桨毂顶盖连接螺栓侧面存在磨损,断裂螺栓的偏斜角度增大从而受到较大的附加弯矩,附加弯矩产生较大的剪切应力,叠加使用过程中的循环应力,使得连接螺栓沿根部发生疲劳断裂。     

吊车转盘连接螺栓断裂分析

吊车转盘后部的连接螺栓发生断裂,通过化学成分分析、宏观和微观检验等方法对断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明：螺栓为疲劳断裂,螺纹根部的细小裂纹是导致螺栓发生疲劳断裂的主要原因;螺栓松动后受到弯曲载荷是引起螺栓发生疲劳断裂的诱因。     

民用航空器主轮毂连接螺栓失效分析

以断裂的飞机主轮毂连接螺栓为研究对象,详细地分析了连接螺栓断口的形貌,化学成分、硬度和金相组织.研究结果表明,由于外来的Al合金和砂粒进入了螺纹,在飞机滑跑和降落时,螺栓振动受力,在螺纹根部形成划伤痕,致使螺纹根部发生多个疲劳区,众多疲劳区扩展汇成2条主裂纹相对扩展,直到在中间相遇形成一个台阶,2条主裂纹的快速扩展区发现正断的韧窝,表明是过裁断裂.该分析结果将有助于飞行事故的调查并得出正确的失效分析结论.     

汽车螺栓断裂失效分析

对汽车上某一连接发动机和车身的高强度级别螺栓在使用过程中发生的断裂进行了分析.结果表明,螺栓的化学成分和金相组织均正常,其断裂为多源疲劳断裂.经对螺栓使用过程中的受力情况分析,认为螺栓断裂主要是由于该螺栓在安装时预紧力不足或汽车在运行过程中,发动机自身振动和汽车行进中颠簸而使螺栓产生了松动,从而受到交变载荷而在应力集中最为严重的螺纹根部发生疲劳断裂.     

某直升机连接螺栓断裂原因

某型直升机固定尾减速机钛合金内侧压板的3件35Ni4Cr2MoA钢连接螺栓在试车时发生了断裂。通过宏观观察、断口分析、金相检验、力学性能试验和氢含量测试等方法,分析了连接螺栓的断裂原因。结果表明:连接螺栓的失效模式为疲劳断裂,压板孔壁与螺栓杆部的局部挤压损伤形成了疲劳裂纹源,试车过程中裂纹不断扩展,最终导致了连接螺栓的断裂。     

风力发电机组叶片连接高强螺栓的断裂原因分析

某风电场多台3MW风力发电机组在运行1.5a(年)后,叶片连接螺栓频繁发生断裂。通过化学成分分析、力学性能测试、金相分析及断口分析等方法,对其中一台风力发电机组的叶片连接螺栓断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明:该风电场叶片连接螺栓的断裂原因主要是材料中存在大量的氧化硅夹杂物,以及制造过程中热处理工艺控制不当导致的晶粒粗大等原因。且叶片连接螺栓安装及定期维护时预紧力分散度较大,使得螺栓在运行中受到复杂的应力条件下发生疲劳断裂失效。     

某挖掘机高强螺栓断裂原因分析

某挖掘机连接下车架与回转支承的36支高强螺栓在使用过程中全部发生断裂。采用宏观检验、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、金相检验等方法,结合螺栓装配、挖机工况等因素,对该批螺栓断裂的原因进行了调查分析。结果表明:螺栓断裂的性质为疲劳断裂;断裂的原因是螺栓装配不良,导致螺栓在使用中轻微松动,在挖掘机工作过程中的剪切力作用下,螺栓松动处产生疲劳裂纹,最终导致螺栓断裂。     

氢气压缩机缸盖螺栓断裂失效分析

某石化公司氢气压缩机缸盖螺栓发生断裂,采用宏、微观断口分析、化学成分分析、金相检验以及力学性能测试等试验手段分析了该氢气压缩机缸盖螺栓的断裂原因。结果表明：断裂起源于螺杆与螺栓头部连接螺纹末端的应力集中处,由于应力集中,加之螺栓强度等级偏低,使螺栓在长期工作过程中的往复交变应力和扭转应力共同作用下发生了低应力高周疲劳断裂。     

发电机组轮毂变桨轴承螺栓断裂原因分析

某风力发电公司的变桨轴承螺栓在使用半年后发生断裂。采用金相检验、化学成分分析、硬度测试及断口分析等方法对该螺栓断裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明:裂纹起源于螺帽与螺杆连接的R角处,该处为应力集中部位,在螺栓松动后,垫片在交变载荷的作用下不断撞击螺栓R角处并在螺杆表面造成损伤,当损伤达到一定程度后,再加上螺杆表面存在脱碳现象,造成表面裂纹的萌生,裂纹在交变载荷的作用下扩展,导致螺栓发生疲劳断裂。     

Failure analysis on fracture of worm gear connecting bolts

The worm gear connecting bolts of refueling machines of a nuclear power plant, with implementing standard of ANSI/ASME B18.3 and ASTM A574-08 and strength grade of 10.9, fractured at the thread neck position after running for about 10 years, and means such as macro examination, chemical compositions analysis, hardness testing, metallographic examination and fracture analysis, were used to analyze the fracture property and reasons of the bolts. The results show that the fracture of the bolts is due to two-way bending fatigue fracture. Surface decarburization of the bolts and stress concentration at the bolt thread neck decreased the fatigue strength of this position and resulted in the initiation of fatigue cracks. By comprehensive analysis and stress estimating, it was concluded that the main reason for fracture of the bolts is that there was a big gap between the bolts and the bolt holes, which resulted in fatigue fracture of the worm gear connecting bolts.     

Fatigue in engine connecting rod bolt due to forming laps

An analysis was performed to asses the failure root cause of an automotive diesel engine which experienced collapse only 6 month after revision. The connecting rod bolts torque disassembly was monitored and fractured parts were selected to laboratory fracture analysis. It was verified with fatigue rupture of one of the fourth connecting rod bolt. Tensile tests were performed in four of the remaining connecting rod bolts. During this procedure, it was verified another bolt with fatigue crack propagation an indication that the first fatigued bolt did not have suffer torque relaxation. A finite element analysis was performed in connection with an analytical fracture mechanics approach aiming to evaluate the relation between tightening force and fatigue crack propagation in connecting rod bolts. The engine collapse occurred due to forming laps in the grooves of the bolt shank. Finally, some design improvements were suggested for avoid future failures: a gap in the groove length at the connecting rod cap interface, enough to avoid combination of forming laps and higher stress amplitude; increase of the bolt torque assembly to reduce stress amplitude.     

内燃机车用柴油机连杆螺钉断裂分析

内燃机车在检修重组后运行约一个月,其柴油机的两根连杆螺钉发生断裂。采用化学成分分析、硬度测试、断口分析和金相检验等方法,对两螺钉断裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明:两螺钉的断裂均为疲劳型断裂,其中一根螺钉先行断裂,其断裂的根本原因可能是螺钉紧固处于不合理的状态所致。     

挤出机摩擦离合器螺栓断裂分析

某挤出机中气动摩擦离合器与减速器端连接的螺栓在使用过程中经常发生断裂,改用另一种材料的螺栓后情况未有很好改善。采用化学成分分析、力学性能测试、断口分析和金相检验等方法,对螺栓断裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明：起裂源位于螺栓的加工刀痕、表面擦伤处及因微动疲劳所致的螺纹微裂纹处,这些部位均存在应力集中,在振动作用下,萌生的裂纹不断扩展,使有效承载面积不断减小,最终引起螺栓疲劳断裂。     

进口氢气压缩机螺栓断裂原因分析

通过宏观检验、化学成分分析、金相检验以及断口分析等方法对氢气压缩机的地脚螺栓和连接螺栓发生断裂的原因进行了分析.结果表明:由于压缩机机座安装倾斜,造成地脚螺栓受剪切应力首先断裂;连接螺栓受振动引起的剪切应力和轴向拉应力共同作用,并且其预紧应力超过最大允许预紧应力,最后发生疲劳断裂;另外螺栓本身存在的材料缺陷致使强度不足...     

Failure analysis of connecting bolts and location pins assembled on the plate of main-shaft used in a locomotive turbochanger

Three connecting bolts, three location pins and navel of turbo-disk fractured, which were assembled on the plate of the main-shaft used in a locomotive turbochanger. Detailed fractographic study and metallurgical analysis were focused on the trouble bolts. The fatigue fracture is the main failure mechanism of the bolts. Appearance of the surface decarburization layer in the thread tip and root regions of the three failed bolts make the hardness at the thread regions decrease intensely so that the fatigue cracks initiated form the root at the first engaged thread. Surface damage morphology with cutting, wear and plastic deformation features was found on the working flanks of the engaged threads. Other components fractured in succession after the trouble bolt fractured.     

某天然气压缩机组联轴器断裂故障诊断

大型往复式压缩机的曲轴-连杆-活塞结构因其产生的不平衡力,极易发生疲劳断裂,对断裂原因进行有效分析对故障消除措施的制定具有重要作用。本文针对某气田压缩机组联轴器的多发性断裂故障,首先对断裂螺栓进行理化分析,再通过仿真计算系统扭振固有频率,并对系统进行扭振及轴功率、扭矩测试,诊断出故障产生原因是系统第五阶次扭振共振且峰值扭矩超标,继而采用在压缩机组光轴段加装一个惯性飞轮对系统扭振特性进行调频处理,使螺栓断裂故障得以根治。本文将理论和测试结合,该故障诊断方法可用于其他类似问题,具有理论和工程实际意义。     

Failure and Fracture Analysis of Bolt Assembled on the Fan Used in the Internal Combustion Engine

Three connecting bolts fractured, which were assembled on the fan used in the internal combustion engine. Detailed fractographic study and metallurgical analysis were focused on the fractured bolts. Fractographic and metallurgical studies indicate that the fracture surface and the microstructure of three bolts exhibit similar features. The fatigue fracture is the main failure mechanism of the bolts. Appearance of the micro-cracks in the thread tip of the fractured bolts makes the stress at the thread regions increase intensively so that the fatigue cracks initiated from the thread regions. Due to the presence of dynamic load, the bolts were never properly tightened during installation which should be responsible for the formation of the cracks.