基于法珀腔光纤传感器的光纤智能夹层的研究

法珀腔光纤传感器是一种适合于智能结构自诊断系统的光纤传感器.在理论分析了法珀腔光纤传感器的基础上,对一种模块化的光纤自诊断系统--光纤智能夹层进行了研究,并对基于光纤法珀腔传感器的光纤智能夹层试件进行了四点弯曲试验.结果表明,光纤智能夹层具有易于制作,使用方便等诸多特点;智能夹层中光纤法珀腔传感器的应变与载荷之间具有良好的线性关系.利用智能夹层中的光纤传感器网络和先进信息处理技术,可以建立结构损伤主动、在线和实时监测系统.     

基于桥梁结构的FBG传感器温度与应变交叉敏感问题的研究

对光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器在桥梁结构健康监测中产生的温度与应变交叉敏感问题进行了研究。采用参考光纤光栅法在应变传感光纤光栅附近额外加入一个温度测量光纤光栅,对应变光栅实现温度补偿功能。设计了基于参考光纤光栅法的FBG传感器及FBG传感器封装的机械结构,并通过实验来验证FBG传感器的性能。实验数据表明,温度传感光纤光栅几乎不受应变的影响,应变传感光栅的中心波长变化与温度变化呈一阶线性关系,修正后的测量结果更加精确,达到了双参数同时测量的目的,应变与布拉格波长的线性关系非常好,相关系数达到0.99以上。参考光纤光栅法能够很好地解决FBG传感器温度与应变交叉敏感的问题。     

应变解耦增敏式FBG温度传感器的设计与应用

为了实现飞机载荷谱飞行实测中对温度参数的精确测量,设计了一种应变解耦增敏式光纤光栅（fiber Bragg grating,简称FBG）温度传感器。通过力学建模分析设计新的传感器结构,对传感器的光纤光栅进行增敏处理,选取铝7075-T6为基底进行全覆盖式封装,提出光纤光栅封装位置与结构件之间无直接接触方式,排除结构形变对温度传感器带来的影响。经标定测试传感器温度灵敏速度为40.4 pm/℃,是普通光纤光栅的4倍。搭建实验系统进行其性能探究以及在拉伸实验机上进行解耦特性验证,拉伸实验件的变形对该温度传感器没有影响,与理论分析相符,最终将传感器贴于飞机座舱中进行实际工程应用。实验表明,传感器测得的温度差最大不超过±1 ℃,表明设计的传感器可以用于实际温度测量中,满足在飞机载荷谱飞行实测中温度参数精确测量的需求。     

超低温宽温域环境下FBG传感器应变标定方法

在某超低温风洞结构健康监测的工程中,光纤光栅传感器被用来实时监测风洞洞体结构变形,然而超低温及宽温域的环境会极大地影响应变测量精度。为解决光纤光栅传感器在-196℃至常温范围的应变测量的温度影响,进一步提高测量精度,提出了一种超低温宽温域环境下的光纤布拉格光栅(fiber-optic Bragg grating,简称FBG)传感器应变灵敏度系数标定方法。该方法通过一套超低温宽温域标定系统对FBG传感器在-196℃～20℃的多个温度点的应变灵敏度系数进行了试验测量,利用该标定结果修正超低温宽温域环境下温度对应变的测量结果,可有效提高光纤光栅传感器的应变测量精度。试验还发现,FBG传感器的应变灵敏度系数呈现出随温度降低而升高的规律,该结论对进一步开展超低温宽温域环境下FBG应变传感器温度补偿研究奠定了基础。     

预紧封装光纤光栅温度传感器传感特性研究

为了获得稳定测量温度变化的光纤光栅温度传感器,笔者研究带预紧力的光纤光栅温度传感器的封装技术及其传感特性。通过温度传感理论分析,在避免光纤光栅对温度和应变的交叉敏感情况下,对光纤光栅温度传感器进行有限元Ansys应力分布进行模拟,可知本封装具有一定的减敏作用,温度测量量程增大,满足更多实际工程中的使用。环氧树脂DP420将带有预紧力光纤光栅封装在铍青铜材料的圆柱体内,在恒温鼓风干燥箱对光纤光栅温度传感器进行传感特性研究,40~120℃的范围内,每次升温5℃。所得结果,此光纤光栅温度传感器的温度灵敏度系数为23.81pm/℃,是裸光纤光栅传感器的2倍,且线性度达0.999以上。该文对光纤光栅工程化具有较大的应用价值。     

基于空芯光纤的复合双腔光纤法珀盐度传感器

为实现高灵敏度的盐度测量,提出了一种基于空芯光纤的单模光纤–空芯光纤–单模光纤(SMF-HCF-SMF)复合双腔光纤法珀(F-P)盐度传感器.该传感器通过精密切割结合光纤熔接技术制备,结构小巧,工艺简单.通过HCF段空气腔与SMF段介质腔所对应的反射光谱干涉信号的振幅之比对盐度进行测量,可以有效剔除光源功率起伏以及其他...     

FBG传感器应变标定方法

为了提高光纤光栅应变传感器测量精度,针对光纤光栅传感器工程应用情况,提出了一种光纤布拉格光栅(fiber bragg grating,简称FBG)传感器应变特性标定方法。通过理论分析和实验标定了封装式光纤光栅应变传感器的灵敏度系数,对传感器理论与实验灵敏度系数误差进行了分析。实验结果表明,该方法简单、易行,用于光纤光栅传感器使用前的标定,可以提高基于光栅光栅传感器的测量精度和准确性。同时,该方法为光纤光栅传感器的工程推广应用奠定了基础。     

新型耐高温光纤光栅温度传感器

设计并制备一种新型耐高温光纤光栅温度传感器,将光栅用绝热材料封装,通过杠杆结构与铝棒连接.当温度变化时,铝棒受热发生形变对外产生作用力,并通过杠杆结构增大,作用在光栅端,从而使光栅产生应变达到高温测量的效果.该结构摆脱了传统方案不能测量高温的问题,避免由于封装材料及衰退效应致使传感器不能测量高温的问题.经实验测量此传感器的温度灵敏度为0.005 nm/℃,测量温度高达310℃依然保持良好的线性,具有巨大的高温测试测试潜能.     

用于真空环境的光纤光栅温度传感器设计

光纤光栅传感器在航空航天领域有着广阔的应用前景,为了实现在航空航天真空环境下对卫星结构进行温度测量,对光纤光栅进行了特殊封装结构设计,在准确采集温度数据的同时,排除了结构应变对测量结果的影响,并对设计进行了有限元仿真分析。在-60-60℃的温度环境下,这种新型封装光纤光栅温度传感器的测试线性度为0.998,温度灵敏度为14.87pm/℃。为了验证其解耦特性,在MTS拉伸试验机上进行了测试,试验结果表明:结构形变带来的应变对该温度传感器没有影响,与理论分析相符。将其运用到实际真空环境进行对比验证,实验精度达0.15+0.002|t|℃。     

光学遥感器光机结构热变形的高精度测量

空间光学遥感器光机结构在复杂的空间轨道热环境中会产生热变形,影响探测精度.为解决光学遥感器光机结构热变形测量问题,本文提出了基于数字摄影测量和光纤光栅传感的热变形组合监测方法;建立了具有热解耦功能的光纤光栅布局方法和变形测量模型算法,理论分析了光纤光栅光谱变化与应变、温度的关系,采用实验方法标定光纤光栅应变传感器和温度...     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.