共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 81 毫秒
1.
随着过敏人群数量的快速增加,食物过敏日益受到人们的关注。肠道微生物在机体免疫系统的形成和发展 中扮演着重要角色,越来越多的研究表明,抗生素的使用、膳食结构的改变等因素所引起的肠道菌群紊乱将会增加 人群患食物过敏的机率。本文将从细胞和分子水平综述目前对口服耐受的产生及因其缺失而引起食物过敏的相关机 理的研究,并在此基础上讨论肠道微生物调节食物过敏的潜在通路,最后概述有关益生菌缓解食物过敏的应用及机 制研究。通过了解肠道微生物与宿主黏膜系统的相互作用,可为预防及治疗食物过敏提供新的调控靶点和研究思 路,并为益生菌缓解食物过敏提供理论依据和改进方案,从而减少食物过敏的发生。 相似文献
2.
时丽霞 《食品安全质量检测学报》2021,12(12):4959-4963
随着婴幼儿食物过敏的发病率逐年上升,食物过敏逐渐成为了全球性公共卫生问题。大量研究表明人体内肠道菌群与食物过敏有着密切的关系,在受到外界因素的干扰后,肠道菌群多样性和数量发生改变,进而引发机体对某些正常抗原的免疫耐受度降低,导致过敏反应。本文介绍了食物过敏婴幼儿和健康婴幼儿肠道菌群的差别,对肠道菌群在食物过敏中的调节机制(影响肠道细胞功能和调节屏障保护特性、产生信号分子进行免疫调控以及促进和维护机体口服耐受)进行综述,并对肠道菌群调节婴幼儿食物过敏的策略进行展望。 相似文献
3.
4.
益生菌在改善宿主肠道微生态平衡、提高宿主健康水平和健康状态等方面发挥有益作用。其主要通过调理肠道微生物群、参与多种疾病的免疫调节,从而改善胃肠道生理机能来影响宿主健康。益生菌在预防和治疗胃肠道疾病等方面具有相当大的潜力,需要对其与肠道菌群、免疫调节的相互作用机制更深入的了解。本文对益生菌在肠道的分布与定植、益生菌对肠道菌群和肠道功能的调控作用以及益生菌与免疫调节的关系做了简单论述,以期为今后益生菌与肠道菌群互作研究以及益生菌的临床应用提供参考。 相似文献
5.
6.
肠道菌群是微生态系统的重要组成部分,参与宿主的能量代谢和免疫调节,对机体具有重要的生理学意义。大量研究表明,肠道菌群在疾病的发生发展过程中发挥着重要的作用。海藻多糖是从海藻中提取出来的由多个单糖通过糖苷键连接而成的碳水化合物,因其具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节、降血糖等多种生物活性,而受到国内外学者的广泛关注。研究发现海藻多糖可以通过促进肠道益生菌的增殖、抑制有害菌的生长,调节肠道微生态平衡,从而发挥治疗疾病的作用。本文论述了海藻多糖通过调节肠道菌群对部分疾病产生的影响,旨在为海藻多糖的开发利用提供参考,为相关疾病的预防和治疗提供新思路。 相似文献
7.
8.
肥胖是由于新陈代谢功能失调而引起的体内脂肪过量堆积,可能会导致机体动脉粥样硬化、胰岛素抵抗和血脂异常等各种代谢综合征的出现。肥胖是威胁现代社会健康与经济发展的一个重要因素,预防与治疗肥胖一直以来都是研究热点。目前,已经有一些肠道菌群抑制肥胖症的机制被报道。然而,由于肠道微生物组成的复杂性,哪一种微生物群落与肥胖直接相关仍然是有待研究的。本综述中,以肥胖患者肠道菌群结构组成的改变为切入点,进一步阐述肠道菌群的生理功能与肥胖发生机制的密切联系。对国内外相关研究进展归纳,总结得出益生菌可直接影响肥胖患者肠道中炎症细胞因子水平与代谢产物,或调节肠道菌群平衡达到重塑肥胖宿主代谢的目的。因此,采用益生菌与益生元治疗将成为预防与治疗肥胖的新方向。 相似文献
9.
帕金森病是一种受遗传和环境因素影响的神经退行性疾病,其发病机制尚不清晰。与健康人相比,帕金森患者的肠道菌群发生紊乱,具体表现为肠道微生物丰度的提高以及特定菌属的增加。益生菌可以通过调节肠道菌群有效改善帕金森患者的机体炎症、便秘和腹痛等症状,提高患者的生活质量。基于这些特性,益生菌有望成为帕金森病治疗的一种辅助手段应用到实际生活中。本文从帕金森患者的肠道菌群、病程和治疗方法等方面出发,根据近几年的研究报告进行综述,总结了帕金森患者的肠道菌群特点及二者间的联系,并对益生菌干预的新型治疗方法进行讨论,为帕金森病的治疗提供新的参考。 相似文献
10.
人体肠道内栖居着数以万亿计的微生物,这些微生物在繁衍的过程中逐渐达到种类和数量的平衡,而这种平衡与机体正常代谢密切相关.一旦肠道菌群结构发生失调,各种代谢类疾病便随之而来.益生菌在肠道内的大量繁衍,可调节紊乱的肠道菌群结构并提高机体的免疫能力,进而帮助恢复健康水平.近年来,国际上科学研究的热点逐渐集中于益生菌对肠道菌群的影响以及肠道菌群和疾病的关系.本文概述国内外有关益生菌影响肠道菌群的研究现状.以1株具有完全自主知识产权并且已成功实施产业化应用的益生菌菌株——Lactobacillus casei Zhang为例,详实说明益生菌对人肠道菌群的影响.在此基础上提出本学科现存的若干研究瓶颈及今后的发展方向. 相似文献
11.
12.
生物活性肽是对生物机体的生命活动具有积极作用的肽类化合物,近年来逐渐成为食品、保健食品以及特殊医学用食品等领域的研究热点之一.研究表明,肠道中微生物产生的蛋白酶作用于食物中的蛋白质,可以产生生物活性肽.另一方面,生物活性肽对肠道菌群的结构具有明显的调节作用,而肠道菌群结构的改变对宿主的健康产生重要的影响.本文对生物活性... 相似文献
13.
14.
Katarzyna Skrypnik Joanna Suliburska 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2018,98(7):2449-2460
The aim of this review is to present the most recent scientific evidence of interactions between the intestinal microbiota and minerals, and the effect of this interaction on the health of the host. The Web of Science database from the years 2013–2017 on this topic was reviewed. Numerous in vitro studies have shown that iron significantly affects the intestinal microbiota. However, Bifidobacteriaceae are capable of binding iron in the large intestine, thereby limiting the formation of free radicals synthesized in the presence of iron, and thus reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. Animal studies have revealed that supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics has a significant effect on bone calcium, phosphate and bone metabolism. The dynamic interaction between microbiota and zinc was shown. Human studies have provided evidence of the influence of probiotic bacteria on parathormone, calcium and phosphate levels and thus on bone resorption. Recent studies have produced new information mainly on the impact of the intestinal bacteria on the metabolism of calcium and iron. From a scientific perspective, the most urgent fields that remain to be investigated are the identification of all human gut microbes and new therapies targeting the interaction between intestinal bacteria and minerals. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
15.
William Leonard Pangzhen Zhang Danyang Ying Zhongxiang Fang 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2021,20(1):710-737
Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) are a major class of phenolic acids with the characteristic phenylpropanoid C6-C3 backbone. Its typically conjugated status with plant cell wall components and liberation by limited enzymes might be the reason for its neglect by researchers compared to flavonoid-type polyphenols. The polyphenol–gut microbiota interactions and their impact on human health have captured the interest of researchers recently. In addition, there has been a significant progress over the past few years in understanding the gut microbiota-modulating effect of HCA using animal model studies. This review discusses the metabolism of HCA in the digestive tract, HCA–gut microbiota interactions, and its link to colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases, mental-cognitive impairments, nonalcoholic liver disease, and obesity. The effects of food matrix and processing technologies on HCA bioavailability and HCA–gut microbiota interactions, and HCA safety concerns are also featured in this review. This paper has provided an in-depth insight on HCA–gut microbiota relationship and identified the current literature gaps for future research. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Murphy L. Y. Wan K. H. Ling M. F. Wang 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2019,59(12):1927-1936
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) lining the gastrointestinal tract establish a barrier between external environments and the internal milieu. An intact intestinal barrier maintains gut health and overall good health of the body by preventing from tissue injury, pathogen infection and disease development. When the intestinal barrier function is compromised, bacterial translocation can occur. Our gut microbiota also plays a fundamentally important role in health, for example, by maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, metabolism and modulating the immune system, etc. Any disruption of gut microbiota composition (also termed dysbiosis) can lead to various pathological conditions. In short, intestinal barrier and gut microbiota are two crucial factors affecting gut health. The gastrointestinal tract is a complex environment exposed to many dietary components and commensal bacteria. Dietary components are increasingly recognized to play various beneficial roles beyond basic nutrition, resulting in the development of the functional food concepts. Various dietary modifiers, including the consumption of live bacteria (probiotics) and ingestible food constituents such as prebiotics, as well as polyphenols or synbiotics (combinations of probiotics and prebiotics) are the most well characterized dietary bioactive compounds and have been demonstrated to beneficially impact the gut health and the overall well-being of the host. In this review we depict the roles of intestinal epithelium and gut microbiota in mucosal defence responses and the influence of certain functional food components on the modulation of gut health, with a particular focus on probiotics, prebiotics and polyphenols. 相似文献