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Pooi‐Pooi Soo Yassoralipour Ali Oi‐Ming Lai Chee‐Hao Kuan Teck‐Kim Tang Yee‐Ying Lee Eng‐Tong Phuah 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2020,122(5)
The effect of different processing methods namely enzymatic method using crude protease extract (CPE) from overripe pineapple, microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) methods on the recovery yield of virgin coconut oil (VCO) is evaluated. The physicochemical properties of VCOs namely color, iodine value (IV), refractive index, saponification value, moisture content, free fatty acid, p‐anisidine value, lipid peroxidation, fatty acid composition, triacylglycerol (TAG) composition, melting and crystallization profile are compared. The total phenolic compounds and scavenging activity of the extracted VCOs are also examined. Results reveal that enzymatic approach exhibits the highest VCO yield (77.7% ± 0.38) at 50 °C for 2 h, followed by MAE (58.6%±0.07), control without enzyme (24.1%±0.19) and UAE (24.1%±0.12). The physicochemical properties of the VCOs extracted are found to conform to APCC standards established except IV. The antioxidant activity of VCO extracted with CPE shows no significant difference with MAE and UAE methods (p > 0.05). Lauric acid appears to be the most abundant fatty acid detected in all VCO samples. Similar exotherms and endotherms are observed in both melting and crystallization profiles with two distinct peaks exhibited. The TAG compositions of the extracted VCOs are mainly LaLaLa, LaLaM, CLaLa, CCLa, and LaMM (C = Capric acid; La = Lauric acid; M = Myristic acid). Practical Applications: The results obtained from this study indicate that VCO extraction using CPE from overripe pineapple is feasible. The enzymatic extraction protocol presented here would be useful for VCO production at industrial scale with a promising oil yield. 相似文献
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Letícia Urnau Rosicler Colet Viviane Faria Soares Elton Franceschi Eunice Valduga Clarice Steffens 《加拿大化工杂志》2018,96(6):1377-1381
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《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2018,93(6):1684-1693
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为了回收利用油脂精炼过程中产生的副产品皂脚中的有效成分,利用超声波辅助技术将皂脚一步转化为脂肪酸,意在考量超声波辅助技术在皂脚酸化水解过程中的作用,并在超声辅助下探究工艺条件的影响。以产物酸价和得率作为考察目标,探究了超声辅助酸化水解对产物分布的影响。结果表明,超声的分散搅拌作用使得产物的酸价和得率得到提升。通过单因素和正交设计实验探究各因素对产物酸价和得率的影响,进而确定制备脂肪酸的最佳反应条件。实验结果表明,以甲酸为酸催化剂,在反应温度220℃、反应时间110min、超声功率1050W、超声持续时间7s的反应条件下,产物酸价和得率均得到最高值,分别为184mg KOH/g和79.9%;影响产物得率的因素从主到次：反应温度>超声持续时间>超声功率>反应时间。经气相色谱质谱联用仪分析表明,产物中脂肪酸含量达到97.4%;产物质量指标测定结果表明产物具有较高的质量,皂化值达到190mg KOH/g,碘值达到157g I/100g,不皂化物含量达到0.54%。 相似文献
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Silvia Martins Cristóbal N. Aguilar Iliana de la Garza‐Rodriguez Solange I. Mussatto José A. Teixeira 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2010,85(8):1142-1147
BACKGROUND: Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a powerful antioxidant with biological activities of great interest in several health areas, including antiviral, cancer chemopreventive, and antitumorgenic. Little information is available on extraction methods of NDGA from Larrea tridentata. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop a rapid and effective microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) method for NDGA recovery from Larrea tridentata leaves, and to compare the results obtained with those found using conventional heat‐reflux extraction (HRE). RESULTS: Extraction time for similar NDGA yields was significantly reduced from 18 to 1 min when MAE was used instead of HRE. Optimum conditions for NDGA extraction (3.79 ± 0.65%) consisted in using 50% methanol as extraction solvent in a solid/liquid ratio of 1/10 g mL?1. Micrographs demonstrated that the improvement in NDGA extraction by MAE might be related to a greater extent of cell rupture of the plant material. Extracts obtained by MAE exhibited antiradical activity only slightly lower than those obtained by HRE. CONCLUSIONS: MAE proved to be a faster and more efficient method for NDGA extraction from Larrea tridentata leaves than HRE. The better results for NDGA extraction by MAE might be explained by the greater extent of cell rupture of plant material during the extraction process. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(9):1401-1406
This paper reports the application of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the extraction and separation of phenolic acids from Salicornia herbacea L. (S. herbacea) using a solid phase extraction (SPE) system. The template of the MIP for phenolic acid extraction and separation was selected experimentally as one of seven templates. The obtained material with Benzoic acid (BA) as a template had the best extraction capacity of phenolic acids from S. herbacea. Water and methanol/HCl were selected as a washing solvent and elution solvent, respectively. The good linearity was obtained for the three targets, ranging from 10 to 500 μg mL?1 (R2 > 0.999), with relative standard deviations ≤ 5.0%. Overall, the proposed method using MIPs is expected to have a wide range of applications. 相似文献
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Selin Şahin Zeynep İlbay Ş. İsmail Kırbaşlar 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2018,205(6):717-726
Pulsed ultrasound-assisted extraction (PUAE) of flavonoids and polyphenols from mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Tenore) leaves was examined. The response surface methodology (RSM) via face-centered central composite design (FCCD) was used to investigate the effects of extraction time (15–75?min), output amplitude (30–70%), and pH (4–10) to optimize the extraction process. The total phenolic material (TPM) and the total flavonoid material (TFM) and also the consumed energy of horn were measured as responses. Additionally, calorimetric calculations were done to evaluate the ultrasound energy dissipated into the solution. The calculated quadratic models were highly significant (p?R2) of 0.9722, 0.9805, and 0.9983. The results of the present study suggest that 65?min, 68.72?min, 15.00 extraction time, 61%, 59%, and 30% of ultrasound amplitude and 4, 6.7, and 4 pH of solution should be considered as optimal extraction conditions to get the optimum TPM (37.845?mg-GAE/g-DL), TFM (10.709?mg-CE/g-DL), and energy consumption (6130.275 Joule) for PUAE of mandarin leaves, respectively. 相似文献
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Alcell‐derived lignin was depolymerized in a batch reactor using the Lewis acid catalysts NiCl2 and FeCl3. The objective was to investigate the use of Lewis acids in the production of useful liquid products directly from solvolysis lignin. The effects of reaction temperature, time and catalyst were studied on the conversion of this lignin to gas, solid and liquid products. Also, selected monomeric compounds in the ether solubles were monitored in terms of the variation in their yields with different reaction conditions. The highest conversions, 30% and 26% from Ni and Fe, respectively, were both attained at the reaction conditions of 305°C and 1 h reaction time. The Ni produced a somewhat higher yield of ether solubles, reflecting its slightly higher performance. Under the reaction conditions studied, both catalysts apparently favour condensation reactions leading to the formation of insoluble reactor residue from solvolysis lignin. Low quantities of monomeric compounds were produced, with phenols dominating over ketones and aldehydes for both catalysts. 相似文献
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Free phenolic (FP), conjugated phenolic (CP), and insoluble-bound phenolic (IBP) acids were extracted from the seeds of seven species of oil-tea camellia and their antioxidant activities were evaluated. The results indicated that Camellia vietnamensis has the highest total phenolic content (TPC) (31.84 ± 0.11 g of gallic acid equivalent [GAE] kg−1) and that Camellia polyodontia has the lowest TPC (12.34 ± 0.22 g GAE kg−1) in the kernel. The average TPC among the species is similar in both the kernels and in the shells, and the content order of the three forms of phenolic compounds is FP > IBP > CP. HPLC-MS analysis showed the presence of 9–11 phenolic compounds in the FP, CP, or IBP extracts of the seven species of oil-tea camellia seed. Among the phenolics identified, ferulic acid, catechin, and epicatechin were the major contributors of antioxidant activity. Hierarchical cluster analysis conducted based on the phenolic properties showed that C. vietnamensis and Camellia semiserrata belong to the group characterized by high antioxidant capacities (FRAP, ferric-ion-reducing antioxidant power; ABTS assay), and Camellia chekiangoleosa and Camellia oleifera are arranged in a group with moderate phenolic properties. The other species constitute the third cluster with low phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The study demonstrated that oil-tea camellia seed contains significant amounts of phenolic acids. In addition, extracts from various parts of the seed could be interesting novel sources of natural antioxidants. 相似文献
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酚酸类化感物质抑藻作用的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
阐述了酚酸类化感物质的分离与鉴定方法,探讨了酚酸对藻类的抑制作用机理及其藻类的响应。并对酚酸类化感物质用于工业水处理灭藻剂的前景进行了展望。酚酸对藻类的抑制作用机理包括对藻类细胞膜的破坏,对藻类多种酶活性与功能影响,对藻类光合作用与呼吸作用影响及对藻类基因表达的影响等方面。藻类对酚酸的累积与代谢作用使酚酸类化感物质残留较少,这使其开发为生态安全型灭藻剂成为可能。同时提出今后尚需从酚酸类化感物质的水环境行为与特性、生态安全性及抑藻特异性等方面做进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(3):671-681
Abstract Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to predict optimum conditions for microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) of flavonoid from Radix Astragali. A central composite design was used to monitor the effect of temperature, extraction time, solvent‐to‐material ratio, and the ethanol concentration on yield of total flavanoid (TFA). Optimum extraction conditions were predicted as 108.2°C, 26.7 min, 23.1 ml/g solvent‐to‐material ratio and 86.2% ethanol. The maximum yield 1.234±0.031 mg/g was close to the yield of Soxhlet and higher than that of ultrasound assisted extraction and heat reflux extraction. MAE was an effective alternative to conventional extraction methods. 相似文献