基于观测器的非线性网络控制系统容错控制

研究了一类基于观测器的非线性连续网络控制系统容错控制器设计问题.针对传感器采用时间驱动方式,控制器和执行器均采用事件驱动方式的网络控制系统,设计了观测器,建立了基于状态观测器的增广闭环系统模型.利用线性矩阵不等式和自由权矩阵的方法,推导出闭环系统渐近稳定的充分条件,给出了观测器和容错控制器协同设计的方法.实例仿真证明了所用方法的有效性.     

Observer-based fault tolerant control for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems with sensor faults

This article focuses on the robust fault tolerant control (FTC) problem for a class of Lipschitz nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs) subject to sensor faults. Firstly, sensor faults are transformed into actuator faults via introducing a new intermediate auxiliary state variable, and a distributed adaptive fault estimation observer is designed to estimate the state information and the concerned faults by using the relative output estimation error. Then, the sufficient existence conditions for the observer to satisfy the robust performance index are given. Thirdly, based on the results of observer design, a new design method of dynamic output feedback controller is proposed to implement consensus of MASs and ensure the desired disturbance rejection performance. Finally, the simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Observer-based fault-tolerant control for a class of nonlinear networked control systems

This paper presents a fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme for nonlinear systems which are connected in a networked control system. The nonlinear system is first transformed into two subsystems such that the unobservable part is affected by a fault and the observable part is unaffected. An observer is then designed which gives state estimates using a Luenberger observer and also estimates unknown parameter of the system; this helps in fault estimation. The FTC is applied in the presence of sampling due to the presence of a network in the loop. The controller gain is obtained using linear-quadratic regulator technique. The methodology is applied on a mechatronic system and the results show satisfactory performance.     

Fault estimation and active fault-tolerant control for a class of nonlinear systems with actuator and sensor faults based on unknown input iterative learning

In this paper, fault estimation and active fault-tolerant control are studied for a class of nonlinear systems with simultaneous actuator and sensor faults, as well as unknown external disturbances. Firstly, the state equation of a class of nonlinear systems is transformed into an augmented system state equation by extending the sensor fault as an auxiliary state. Then, a novel fault estimation observer based on iterative learning with unknown inputs is designed to estimate the system state, as well as actuator and sensor faults. Subsequently, by using the fault estimation information, a dynamic output feedback active fault-tolerant control scheme is proposed to compensate for the influence of faults on the system. Lyapunov stability theory is used to prove the stability of the closed-loop system and the convergence of the fault estimation observer. The gain matrices of the fault estimation observer and fault-tolerant controller are obtained by solving linear matrix inequalities. Furthermore, the paper avoids the use of the $$ norm in the convergence proof of the conventional iterative learning algorithm, which reduces the amount of calculation in the derivation process. Finally, the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are verified through simulation of the DC motor angular velocity system.     

Fault tolerant control for a class of nonlinear system with actuator faults

In this work, a fault tolerant control scheme is proposed for a class of nonlinear system with actuator faults. In this fault tolerant control strategy, an estimator is designed to estimate both the system states and the fault signal simultaneously. Based on these estimations, the control law is constructed to achieve the fault tolerant control for the nonlinear system considered. It is shown that the estimation error and the system state can be guaranteed to be bounded. The obtained theoretic results have been verified through the simulation examples on the three‐tank system.     

Fault-tolerant cooperative output regulation for multi-vehicle systems with sensor faults

This paper presents a unified framework of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant cooperative output regulation (FTCOR) for a linear discrete-time multi-vehicle system with sensor faults. The FTCOR control law is designed through three steps. A cooperative output regulation (COR) controller is designed based on the internal mode principle when there are no sensor faults. A sufficient condition on the existence of the COR controller is given based on the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation (DARE). Then, a decentralised fault diagnosis scheme is designed to cope with sensor faults occurring in followers. A residual generator is developed to detect sensor faults of each follower, and a bank of fault-matching estimators are proposed to isolate and estimate sensor faults of each follower. Unlike the current distributed fault diagnosis for multi-vehicle systems, the presented decentralised fault diagnosis scheme in each vehicle reduces the communication and computation load by only using the information of the vehicle. By combing the sensor fault estimation and the COR control law, an FTCOR controller is proposed. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the FTCOR controller.     

具有数据包丢失的网络控制系统的容错控制

针对一类多输入多输出网络控制系统,将数据包丢失视为系统发生执行器或传感器故障,并用最近一次的采样数据代替本周期未能成功传输的数据,对系统进行容错控制器的设计。首先以控制量丢失为例,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,推导出了使系统稳定的条件,然后推广到检测量丢失的情况。最后通过仿真示例验证了文中方法的有效性,并对仿真结果进行了分析。     

Fault-tolerant control of a class of asynchronous sequential machines with permanent faults

In this note, we address a fault-tolerant control scheme for asynchronous sequential machines with permanent faults. The considered asynchronous machine is influenced by faults that change perpetually a portion of its state transition logic. If the asynchronous machine has appropriate analytic redundancy in its reachability, we can design a corrective controller so that the stable-state behavior of the closed-loop system can match that of a reference model despite occurrences of permanent faults. It is assumed that the controller is always fault-free. The existence condition and design procedure for an appropriate controller are presented based on the corrective control scheme. We also provide a controller synthesis example for validating the proposed scheme.     

Robust fault detection for networked control systems with nonlinear disturbances and imperfect measurements

In this article, the robust fault detection (FD) problem is investigated for networked control systems with nonlinear disturbances and imperfect measurements. Under the consideration of packet-dropout compensation, a new measurement model is proposed to take the time-varying delay, random packet dropout and quantisation effect into account simultaneously. After properly augmenting the states of the original system and the FD filter, the robust FD problem is formulated as an auxiliary H _∞ filtering problem for a stochastic parameter system with time-varying delays and uncertainties. A sufficient condition for the existence of the robust FD filter is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which depends on both the network status and the quantisation density. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Adaptive quantised fault-tolerant tracking control of uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown control direction and the prescribed accuracy

In this paper, the problem of adaptive fault-tolerant tracking control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in the presence of input quantisation and unknown control direction is considered. By choosing a class of particular Nussbaum functions, an adaptive fault-tolerant control scheme is designed to compensate actuator faults and input quantisation while the control direction is unknown. Compared with the existing results, the proposed controller can directly compensate for the nonlinear term caused by actuator faults and the nonlinear decomposition on the quantiser without estimating its bound. Furthermore, via Barhalant's Lemma, it is proven that all the signals of the closed-loop system are globally uniformly bounded and the tracking error converges into a prescribed accuracy in prior. Finally, an illustrative example is used for verifying effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

具有时变时延的网络化LPV系统的容错控制

针对一类具有时变时延以及Lipschitz非线性项的网络化线性参数变化系统,研究了系统中存在外部扰动、执行器和传感器同时发生随机故障时的容错控制问题。用Bernoulli分布序列描述执行器和传感器发生的随机故障,利用自由权矩阵方法处理时变时延。根据Lyapunov-Krasovskii稳定性定理和线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法求出◢H◣▼∞▽容错控制器存在的充分条件,然后通过利用近似基函数和网格化技术将无限维的LMI求解问题转换为有限维的LMI问题,得到了相应的容错控制器增益。最后,通过数值仿真验证了所设计方法的有效性。     

Event-triggered reliable dissipative filtering for the delay nonlinear system under networked systems with the sensor fault

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the problem of fuzzy filter design for a class of delayed nonlinear system under random sensor faults with an event-triggered (ET) mechanism. (1) To estimate the dynamics of nonlinear plant, a T–S fuzzy model is manipulated. Random variables are disclosed to express the sensor fault. (2) To take some advantages over existing one, a variable ET mechanism is offered in networked systems (NSs). Under the ET mechanism, sensor data are released only when the plant's measurement (sampled) violate specific threshold of the event condition. (3) Another purpose of this article is to design filters involving system state delays. Then, by using a novel fuzzy Lyapunov–Krasovskii function approach with free weighting matrix technique, dissipative filter design of ET delay networked control systems is proposed. We consider both the sensor fault and ET scheme simultaneously. The simulation example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of design method.     

Distributed observer design for interconnected nonlinear systems with faults and disturbances based on dynamic event conditions

This study investigated the observer design schemes for interconnected nonlinear systems with actuator faults, sensor faults, external disturbances, and limited measured resources. A novel effective distributed estimation scheme is presented for the interconnected nonlinear system to estimate the states, faults, and lumped disturbances, simultaneously. To save communication resources and to improve information utilization, an adaptive event condition is designed in the sensor channel, and the triggered values are utilized to design the observer. Especially, to handle the sensor fault, the output is separated into two parts, and the estimation is realized with the help of a normal one. In the first part of this study, a class of interconnected nonlinear systems with partial loss of effectiveness of sensor fault is considered, and an event-based distributed estimation scheme is established. In the second part, a class of more universal feedback interconnected nonlinear with both partial loss sensor fault and bias sensor fault is investigated. An augment system is formulated by an augmented vector composed of state and sensor faults. And then the estimation scheme is realized by utilizing the presented event-based distributed observer. The convergence abilities of both the two conditions are proved and, finally, the estimation performances of the presented observer are verified by a numerical simulation system and an inverted pendulum system.     

Fault tolerant control for networked control systems with packet loss and time delay

In this paper, a fault tolerant control with the consideration of actuator fault for a networked control system (NCS) with packet loss is addressed. The NCS with data packet loss can be described as a switched system model. Packet loss dependent Lyapunov function is used and a fault tolerant controller is proposed respectively for arbitrary packet loss process and Markovian packet loss process. Considering a controlled plant with external energy-bounded disturbance, a robust H _∞ fault tolerant controller is designed for the NCS. These results are also expanded to the NCS with packet loss and networked-induced delay. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method.     

Dual scheduling and quantised control for networked control systems with communication constraints

A novel integrated design scheme of average dwell time scheduling strategy, dynamic bandwidth allocation policy and quantised control for a collection of networked control systems (NCSs) with time delay and communication constraints is proposed in this paper. A scheduling policy is presented to accommodate the limitation of communication capacity which depends on the convergence rate of closed-loop system and divergence rate of open-loop plant. Linear programming technique is adopted to dynamically allocate bit rate for each node and the strategy is used to make trade-offs between the network utilisation and the control performance which provides an effective way of optimising the quality of control (QoC) and the quality of service (QoS) for NCSs. Mid-tread uniform quantisers update the quantisation rules according to the assignment of the bit rate and convert the quantised state into a kind of input saturation with bounded disturbances. Taking into account the effect of dual scheduling strategy and quantisation, the NCSs are modelled as discrete-time switched systems with bounded disturbances. Furthermore, a scheduling and quantised feedback control co-design procedure is proposed for the simultaneous stabilisation of the collection of networked subsystems. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

一类大时滞非线性网络控制系统的H∞保成本控制

本文研究一类大时滞不确定非线性网络控制系统的H∞保成本控制问题. 首先将具有随机大时滞的网络控制系统模型化为具有不确定系数的离散时间系统模型. 然后利用Lyapunov稳定性理论和线性矩阵不等式方法, 给出H∞保成本控制律的存在条件和H∞保成本控制器的设计方法. 进而通过求解凸优化问题得到最优鲁棒H∞保成本控制器. 最后仿真结果验证了该控制算法的有效性.     

Robust reliable H∞ control design for networked control systems with nonlinear actuator faults and randomly missing measurements

In this paper, the robust reliable H_∞ controller is designed for the problem of nonlinear actuator fault case in the uncertain networked control systems with randomly occurring missing data. More precisely, the occurrence of missing measurements is modeled by a stochastic variable in terms of Bernoulli random distribution. Also, the consideration of a nonlinear term in the input control scheme is a novel work for the proposed model. Suitable robust reliable design of control for a practical actuator fault model is constructed to guarantee the asymptotic stability of the system with H_∞ performance level. A new form of Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional with triple integral terms are formulated, and the reciprocally convex technique is utilized to establish the sufficient stability criterion in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method is shown through numerical examples, and we can confirm that the derived condition attained less conservatism than the existing results.     

Supervisory fault tolerant control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper focuses on the design of a unique scheme that simultaneously performs fault isolation and fault tolerant control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with faults ranging over a finite cover. The proposed framework relies on a supervisory switching among a family of pre-computed candidate controllers without any additional model or filter. The states are ensured to be bounded during the switching delay, which ends when the correct stabilizing controller has been selected. Simulation results about a flexible joint robotic example illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.