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等离子体法制备纳米ZnO粉末 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用直流等离子体研制出了纳米ZnO粉末。发现原料Zn粉的颗粒大小影响着ZnO的粒径大小。用25μm~40μm的Zn粉做出了粒径小于50nm的ZnO粉末。 相似文献
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前驱物分解法制备氧化镁纳米粉体的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
由于氧化镁纳米粉体独特的物理化学性能以及在催化、杀菌和复合材料等领域具有广阔的应用前景,而倍受材料界和化学界的广泛关注。本文中对前驱物分解法制备氧化镁纳米粉体进行分类评述,指出了无机前驱物分解法和有机前驱物分解法的优缺点,并对氧化镁纳米粉体的未来研究提出几点建议。 相似文献
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用溶胶-凝胶法制备的纳米 TiO_2粉末的结构 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出纳米 TiO_(2)粉末,并通过热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等实验手段研究了其微观结构及形貌随着热处理温度(T_a)变化的规律。当热处理温度低于500℃时,TiO_2粉末的平均晶粒和颗粒尺寸均小于20nm,所有晶粒均为锐钛矿结构。当热处理温度高于550℃时,TiO_2颗粒及晶粒迅速长大,并且样品中开始出现金红石结构的TiO_2晶粒。当热处理温度高于800℃时,样品中所有晶粒均为金红石结构。 相似文献
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溶胶-凝胶法制备Fe-18Cr-9W纳米复合粉末 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以硝酸铁、硝酸铬、钨酸、柠檬酸、异丙醇、氨水为原料,通过两步合成方法制备了Fe-18Cr-9W合金复合粉末。采用溶胶一凝胶法制得混合盐的络合凝胶,将凝胶在450℃和550℃煅烧,获得均匀分散的氧化物纳米粉末。通过SEM对氧化物颗粒形貌进行观察,发现所得氧化物颗粒粒径为30~80nm;采用H2-CO共还原法,调节并控制反应气氛和保护气氛(H2:CO=1:4),对氧化物颗粒在700℃进行保护气氛下还原2h,得到了粒径约50~80nm的Fe-18Cr-9W纳米复合粉末。前驱体中加入柠檬酸分散剂起了改善氧化物粉末的形态与降低了粉粒团聚程度的作用;还原温度的选择对还原后合金颗粒粒径有重要影响。 相似文献
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利用等离子体电化学法成功制备出银纳米颗粒,并通过局域表面等离子共振效应对颗粒的生长过程进行实时监测,研究了表面活性剂的浓度、种类和前驱物浓度对银纳米颗粒制备的影响。研究结果表明:增大前驱物或表面活性剂浓度对Ag;还原均有促进作用;与聚乙烯吡络烷酮(PVP)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)相比较,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)作为表面活性剂,在相同时间内,生成的银纳米颗粒数量更多,尺寸和形状分布更均匀。 相似文献
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探索了乙醇共沉淀法制备纳米CoSb3化合物前驱体。采用无水乙醇作为溶剂,以SbCl3和COCl2.6H2O为起始原料,NaOH作沉淀剂,得到了蓝色的沉淀。所得沉淀的混合溶液分别经过直接干燥和多次洗涤后干燥,得到了两种不同的前驱体粉体。研究了两种前驱体粉体的相组成和微结构,以及它们之间的差异。 相似文献
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凝胶—水热法制备纳米级钛酸钡粉末的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以TiCl4、BaCl2.H2O、KOH、NaOH为原料,在PH=12-13、反应温度90-100℃,反应时间1-2h下经凝胶-水热反应合成钛酸钡,经有关厂家半半导化试验,借助于XRD,高分辨率电子显微镜及化学分析,证明了产物达到纳米级钛酸钡水平。 相似文献
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采用聚合物前驱体法制备了KLN纳米陶瓷粉体。研究了不同pH值、不同柠檬酸与金属离子物质的量比(CA:M^n+)以及不同退火温度对K-Li-Nb溶胶稳定性以及粉体组成的影响。实验结果表明:K-Li-Nb凝胶热分解过程分为3个阶段,KLN的生成温度在590~620℃左右:当柠檬酸与金属离子物质的量比(CA:M^n+)为3:l,前驱体溶液pH值控制在6~10内可以得到均匀透明的溶胶。pH=10的前驱体凝胶在850℃下煅烧后得到较纯的KLN纳米陶瓷粉体。 相似文献
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溶胶凝胶-微波加热技术制备Y2O3稳定ZrO2纳米粉体的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以硬脂酸为分散荆。采用溶胶凝胶-微波加热技术研究了制备Y2O3稳定ZrO2(YSZ)纳米粉体的条件与方法。分别用红外光谱(IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、比表面积(BET)测定及电测量技术对该纳米粉体的结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明:在700℃以上微波处理得到立方相YSZ纳米粉体,其粒子分散性好,形貌为椭球体,平均粒径约为37nm,在480~980℃温度范围内呈现出良好的电导率,并且有较高的稳定性。 相似文献
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《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2013,39(10):1547-1554
Context: Mixtures made of oil, water and surfactants give rise to a wide range of structure with different characteristics and phase manifestations.Objective: Aim of this paper is to build up and understand the phase diagram of a model ternary system (Water, Polysorbate 80 and isopropyl myristate) by the use of common techniques such as thermal analysis and rheology, in comparison with visual assessment and polarized light microscopy.Methods: Different ternary systems were prepared and analyzed by means of DSC and rheology in order to highlight the state of water (free, interphasal, bound water) and the samples structural characteristics.Results: The resultant phase diagram is divided into four different zones. Bound water zone is predominant at elevated surfactant/oil ratios, while as the surfactant/oil ratio decreases, DSC reveals the presence of free water. Interphasal water prevails at intermediate water and surfactant content which corresponds with gels systems. Mechanical spectra allow to discern between cubic (true gel) and lamellar mesophases (weak gel), while flow curves allow to distinguish among microemulsions, emulsions or lamellar mesophases.Discussion: A deeper characterization of a model ternary phase diagram is possible, with respect to the simple visual inspection, by the use of thermal analysis and rheology. The state of water molecules and the viscoelastic characteristics of the system allow to obtain important structural considerations.Conclusions: In conclusion, the knowledge of the state of water and of the viscoelastic characteristics of the systems allow a deeper understanding of the structural features of the ternary phase diagram. 相似文献
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纳米粉体有机改性是涉及众多科学领域的交叉学科和新技术。随着我国纳米粉体工程产业化进程的加快,如何对有机改性后的粉体进行检测成为越来越迫切的问题,目前有以下几种检测方法:(1)仪器分析红外光谱分析,透射电镜(TEM)或扫描电镜(SEM)等,但设备昂贵,不适合车间生产控制。(2)宏观性能表征法将改性后的粉体直接用于相应的树脂体系中,根据制品最终性能参数,确定改性效果的好坏。此法是检验改性效果最直接、最有效的办法;但工作量大、间隔时间长,不适合车间生产控制。(3)测定吸油量(常用蓖麻油)吸油量大则改性差,反之则改性好。该法只能大… 相似文献
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K. Naka K. Hagihara Y. Tanaka Y. Tachiyama A. Ohki S. Maeda 《Journal of Materials Science》1996,31(24):6389-6394
Bulk YBa2Cu3O
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was prepared by a polymer chelate precursor method using poly[(N,Ndicarboxymethyl)allylamine] as a chelating polymer of which molecular weights were 3 × 104 (PDAA-L) and 3 × 105 (PDAA-H), respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the precursor from PDAA-H shows that YBa2Cu3O
x
(Y123) phase appeared after being calcined at 750 °C for 5 h and the mixture was completely converted to tetragonal Y123 phase after being calcined at 800 °C for 5 h. The phase evolution of the precursor from PDAA-H during isothermal experiment at 800 °C showed that pure tetragonal Y123 was produced even after the polymer chelate precursor was heated for 2 h in air, although a very small amount of BaCO3 was recognized. This BaCO3 phase was hardly recognized after 4 h calcination. The precursor prepared from PDAA-L was fully converted to pure tetragonal Y123 after 3 h calcining at 800 °C. On the other hand, the sample prepared from metal nitrate solution without PDAA was not fully transferred to Y123 phase after heating at 800 °C for 10 h. Large amounts of Y2O3, BaCO3 and CuO were observed. These results indicated that the greater homogeneity in the polymer chelate precursor leads to reduced firing times and temperature compared with the metal nitrate precursor. 相似文献
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纳米ATO粉体的制备及性能表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以SnCl4.5H2O和SbCl3为原料,采用化学共沉淀法制备了纳米级锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)粉体。研究了制备过程溶液pH值对ATO粉体粒径的影响。运用差热-热重(DTA-TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等测试方法对粉体的热分解情况、晶型、粒径及形貌进行了表征。研究结果表明,ATO粉体为四方金红石型结构,平均粒径为60nm左右,团聚较少。 相似文献
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《Materials Letters》2005,59(29-30):3933-3936
Ultrafine copper powder was prepared in ethylene glycol in which sodium hydroxide was added. By the analysis of XRD, FTIR and SEM, a reasonable reaction mechanism was presented. The formation of copper powder and the oxidation of ethylene glycol were researched. 相似文献