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铝液铸造是铝电解工艺流程的关键工序,原铝配料方法和配料的稳定性直接影响成品铝锭的质量。目前,国内铝冶炼企业的铸造配料基本都采用人工配比的方法,即根据电解槽的原铝分析报告和计划出铝量确定出铝的大致顺序,铝液基本按照出铝顺序灌人混合炉内进行配料。这种配料方法的弊端是:第一,人工配料稳定性较差,往往为了保证铝锭产品的合格率,采取下限配料, 相似文献
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本文简要介绍了混合炉内铝液的烧损机理,分析了混合炉内铝液烧损的主要原因,提出了降低混合炉内铝液烧损的措施。 相似文献
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在铝电解或铝加工行业,一般都需要在熔炼炉、混合炉内对铝液进行熔炼或精炼处理。向铝液中加入精炼剂或除渣剂后,均需要用一种工具或设备对炉内铝液进行搅拌,搅拌后的铝液经过15-20分钟的静置,还需将铝液表面的金属或非金属氧化渣扒出,以达到净化熔体、均匀铝液化学成分、调节铝液温度的目的。 相似文献
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中国铝业青海分公司第三电解厂是年产铝锭14万t的大型电解铝分厂,分前5.5万t和后8.5万t2次建设而成。后8.5万t铸造车间,投入了国内先进的设备:3台60t倾翻式电磁搅拌混合炉、3台大型20kg铝锭铸造机。在原设计中,3台混合炉通过铝液溜槽与3台铸造机一一对应而成3条独立的铝锭生产线。这样,当其中的一台铸造机因故障而停机时,与其相应的混合炉里的铝液就无法通过其他铸造机进行生产,从而影响生产。 相似文献
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为了实现低能耗、低污染和高质量节能减排目标,以某厂50 t倾动式铝液保温炉为原型,结合铝液保温炉的运行特征,耦合用户自定义热负荷波动变化及铝液温度控制模型,建立并实现了铝液保温炉运行过程的解析模型,对铝液保温炉特性要因进行热工特性分析和基于偏最小二乘法多元回归分析。结果表明,铝液温度均匀性系数主要受氧化剂类型和熔池深度的影响。氧化剂为空气时,铝液温度均匀性系数较高;增加空气预热温度和提高天然气流速时,铝液温度均匀性系数在加热和保温阶段减小,而在静置阶段增加;随着空燃比的增加,铝液温度均匀性系数在加热和保温阶段增加,而在静置阶段减小;铝液温度均匀性系数随燃烧器倾角和熔池深度增加而增加。 相似文献
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在冲天炉熔炼过程中,为了获得低硫铁液,通常采用脱硫工艺措施。研究表明,炉内脱硫主要用于碱性炉衬的冲天炉,通过强化底焦燃烧,提高炉温以及降低焦炭用量,提高炉渣的碱度,防止铁液的氧化等,都将减少铁液含硫量;而炉外脱硫用于酸性炉衬的冲天炉,混合脱硫剂炉外脱硫时,出铁温度、焦炭用量、熔化率、铁液中含硫量等技术指标明显高于单一脱硫剂。 相似文献
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建立模拟铸造过程中铝液泄漏的模型以预防爆炸,包括瞬态溜槽流动,孔口出流和扩散。将仿真数据和理论计算结果进行比较,验证该模型的适应性和准确性。即使改变混合炉中铝液高度和出口半径,铝液在浇注过程也不会发生泄漏。溜槽中的铝液以波浪状的形式向前移动并引起泄漏,泄漏铝液在地面上的扩散呈长条状,铝液泄漏量和扩散面积随着混合炉中铝液高度的增大而增大。 相似文献
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通过分析影响精炼炉冶炼过程中钢水温度变化的主要因素,利用BP人工神经网络与专家控制相结合方法,建立了精炼过程钢水温度预测模型,并利用C#语言编程实现。应用该模型对精炼炉钢水温度进行预测,对预测结果进行了统计分析。结果表明,该模型对精炼过程钢水温度的预报误差为±5℃,准确率达到85%。 相似文献
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本文采用最优设计理论,研究了低燃料比的高炉配料模型、高炉节焦回归方程和节焦预测计算程序,并由此预示高炉炼铁低燃料比、对应低燃料比的配料方案和供应热风炉的焦炉煤气量,以及高炉煤气达到的风温水平.既能为高炉炼铁选取低燃料比的配料方案提供计算模型,又能用电子计算机预测高炉炼铁的炉料结构编制计算程序. 相似文献
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铝合金熔体旋转喷吹除气净化过程模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用计算机模拟方法对铝合金熔体旋转喷吹除气净化过程的温度场以及流场进行分析。结果表明,在转杆内部放置一个导气管,可以显著降低气体温度,从而可以有效地解决旋转喷头由于熔剂因高温变软而堵塞的问题;旋转速度和进气流量对铝合金熔体旋转喷吹除气净化效果具有重要影响,应该根据具体情况选择合适的工艺参数。熔池为方形结构时,气体主要从对角处出去,而远离对角处的体积分数却显著降低,甚至可能发生吸气。 相似文献
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For melting and casting of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by use of an electron beam furnace, key technologies have been developed: measurement
and control of temperature, amount, and chemical composition of molten pool. Temperature in the molten pool was measurred
by applying three devices; a thermocouple, a two color pyrometer and the rate of vaporization from the molten pool. Temperature
measured by an optical pyrometer without influence of plasma by shifting the wave lengths of the light for the optical pyrometry
from those of plasma evolved above the molten pool was in a good accordance with that estimated from the vaporization rate.
By combining temperatures measured by three methods, the temperature gradient in the molten pool was estimated to be a level
of 100 K/cm. In order to derive an empirical equation for the depth of molten pool of various metals, the depth of the molten
pool was determined for Ti, Ti-6Al-4V alloy, solar grade Si, low carbon steel, and stainless steel by chemical etching of
vertical cross section of an ingot melted and solidified in a skull crucible. Chemical compositions of Ti-6Al-4V alloy melt
before casting was adjusted by adding an aluminum block into the pool before pouring, which compensated vaporization loss
of Al from the pool surface under high vacuum. Since, a key to settle Al content in the specified range is the yield and distribution
of Al in every castparts, influences of operating variables on the yield have been studied by paying attention to rapid temperature
change observed immediately after addition of aluminum.
Formerly Graduate School of Iron and Steel Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology San 31 Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu,
Pohang 790-784, Korea 相似文献
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《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2014,214(2):334-346
Tests carried out in an experimental prototype of crucible melting furnace heated by a plasma torch are numerically simulated with a commercial CFD code, in order to calculate melting time, heat losses and temperature distributions in the aluminum load and refractory parts. The objective is to develop a calculating tool to assist in the design and scaling-up of industrial furnaces. Models used are 2D axisymmetric and take into account heat conduction in solid parts, convection in air and molten aluminum, interactions between gas–liquid–solid zones and radiation heat transfer. Fusion of solid aluminum is modeled with the enthalpy method. The simulation is able to predict temperatures and melting times at a reasonable computational expense. Several calculation strategies are tested concerning their computational economy and their accuracy in computing different key parameters. Results show that interactions gas–liquid–solid have an important effect. Firstly, a proper account of heat transfer and losses requires solving the conjugated problem comprising refractory walls and heated load. Secondly, thermal interaction with air cavities seems to determine the convective movement of the molten load and therefore inner-load temperature patterns and their time evolution. Nevertheless, this comprehensive simulation consumes 3.6 times the computational resources of a simplified model, where the momentum equations are not solved for the air cavity and overall furnace parameters are still reasonably predicted (e.g., with an error in fusion time less than 7.3%). 相似文献
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铝合金熔体旋转喷吹除气净化设备的研制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对铝合金熔体除气净化方面存在的问题,对铝合金熔体旋转喷吹除气净化设备进行研究。对设备主体的各个组成部分进行了分析与设计,尤其是对旋转喷吹组件的设计,提出了在转杆内部安装一条进气管道,降低管道内部温度,有效防止喷射熔剂因高温变软堵塞喷头。对设备气路系统,重点从气路系统的进气环节和调节环节进行设计,提出利用数字组合阀原理进行间断性改变进气流量的思路,可在一定旋转速度下,增加进气流量而不引起铝合金熔体翻腾。从硬件和软件方面对设备先进控制技术方案进行了研究。硬件方面利用西门子PLC对控制系统各组成环节控制原理与方法进行研究。软件方面采用西门子S7-200系列编程软件STEP7编写了设备控制软件。同时,充分考虑设备安全可靠性,设计了手动控制和自动控制两种模式,在自动控制模式下设计紧急停止,防止紧急情况下不良后果恶化。 相似文献
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