气相色谱-质谱联用测定油墨中17种邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了油墨中17种邻苯二甲酸酯的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法。样品经干燥成膜、粉碎后超声提取,采用外标法选择离子扫描模式(SIM)进行定量分析。17种邻苯二甲酸酯在0.1～100 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999。检出限为0.05～0.5 mg/kg。平均回收率为79.1%～108.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为2.8%～6.5%。该方法样品处理简单,分析时间短,定量准确,适用于油墨中邻苯二甲酸酯的分析检测。     

快速液相分析法测定化妆品中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物

利用快速分析色谱柱(表面多孔层填料,Poroshell),对化妆品中10种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的检测方法加以改进,建立了快速液相分析检测方法.10种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质在1～800 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限在0.5～1 mg/L之间,相对标准偏差在0.36％～2.35％之间.相对于常规分析方法,分析时间和有机溶剂用量均减少了2/3.该方法可在常规液相色谱仪上实现,具有较强的实用性和可操作性.     

气相色谱测定不同前处理方法的白酒中增塑剂

建立了测定白酒中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的气相色谱氢火焰离子化(FID)检测方法,对比了3种不同前处理方法的检测结果,其中固相萃取法的回收率较高。该方法测定白酒中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的检测浓度的线性范围为0.1~10 mg/kg,检出限为0.05~0.1 mg/kg,且目标物的峰面积与质量浓度的线性关系良好(R20.99);样品的加标回收率为80.57%~106.73%,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.76%~9.27%(n=9)。该方法具有简便快捷、准确性高、线性范围宽等优点,能够满足白酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的常规检查。     

气相色谱—质谱法测定发泡饭盒中17种邻苯二甲酸酯

目的建立发泡饭盒中17种邻苯二甲酸酯的气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定方法。方法样品经粉碎后,用正己烷多次提取,采用气相色谱—质谱法分析,外标法定量。结果 17种邻苯二甲酸酯在0.05~2.0μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,r0.997;方法检出限为0.02 mg/kg,定量限为0.05 mg/kg,在3个加标水平下,样品平均回收率在97.8%~112.0%,RSD为0.5%~8.8%。结论本方法简单快速、准确、灵敏度高,适用于发泡饭盒中多组分PAEs的同时检测。对采集的33份发泡饭盒样品进行检测,16份发泡饭盒检出邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)。     

GC-MS法测定奶茶中18项塑化剂

建立奶茶中测定18项塑化剂的GC-MS分析方法。样品使用正己烷直接提取法进行提取,GC-MS SIM模式进行扫描,外标法定量。17种邻苯二甲酸酯标准溶液质量浓度在10～400μg/L,邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯标准溶液质量浓度在500～5 000μg/L线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.996。17种邻苯二甲酸酯含量为0.1,0.5,1.0 mg/kg,邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯含量为0.5,2.0,3.0 mg/kg添加水平范围时,奶茶中18项邻苯二甲酸酯的回收率在86.7%～107.8%,相对标准偏差在0.03%～1.79%(n=6)。该方法前处理简单,检测数据准确,可用于大批量奶茶中邻苯二甲酸酯类的检测。     

塑料玩具中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素检测方法的研究

采用高效液相色谱法对玩具中5种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质进行同时分离和检测,对样品的提取、净化以及检测的色谱条件进行筛选和优化.以shim-pack VP-ODS为分离柱;流动相为V(甲醇):V(水)=90:10,紫外检测波长为230nm.该方法所测得的5种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质在0.5-1000mg/L内具有良好的线性,检出限达0.34-0.96ug/L.加标回收率在93.00%-105.23%.该方法适合各种玩具中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的分析.     

果汁中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的测定

建立了气相色谱质谱法(GC-MS)同时测定果汁中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂的方法。用正己烷作为萃取剂萃取样品并用凝胶渗透色谱净化系统(GPC)净化,在最优条件下实现了15种邻苯二甲酸酯的同时分离与检测。回收为96.5%～103.8%,相对标准偏差为1.1%～3.3%。检出限为0.001～0.1 mg/L(RSN=3),方法操作简便,精密度高,准确性好,实用性强,用于实际样品果汁中的测定,结果满意。     

凝胶净化色谱-气质联用法测定土壤中6种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物

建立凝胶净化色谱-气相色谱-串联质谱法检测土壤中6种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的分析方法.结果显示:6种邻苯二甲酸酯在0.02～2.00mg·L-1范围内具有良好线性,相关系数大于0.999,样品加标回收率平均范围在82.3％～102.0％,相对标准偏差在1.40％～5.53％之间.该方法操作简便,净化效果好,检出限低,精密...     

GC-MS法对白酒中的邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的测定

建立了GC-MS法测定酒类物质中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的方法。样品经正己烷提取后,用气相色谱串联质谱(GC-MS)分析测定。在0.01～2.0 mg/L的溶液浓度范围内,各组分具有良好的线性关系,相关系数r在0.9996以上。方法检出限(S=3N)为0.0009～0.0227 mg/kg,定量下限(S=10N)为0.0033～0.0148 mg/kg;添加浓度为0.05 mg/L,0.1 mg/L,2.0 mg/L时,各组分平均回收率为85.8%～109.5%,浓度相对标准偏差RSD<10%,保留时间RSD<1%。结果表明,该方法操作简单、灵敏、准确,可用于白酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的检测。     

气相色谱法和液相色谱法测定地下水中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的对比研究

对地下水样中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)气相色谱法和液相色谱法的检出限、准确度、精密度、实际样品等分析讨论,建立一种更适合测定地下水中DMF的检测方法.气相色谱法下DMF在质量浓度为4.645～929 mg/L范围内与响应值呈良好线性关系(r2≥0.999),检出限为0.26 mg/L;样品加标回收率为84.8％～91.8％;相对标准偏差为3.3％(n=6);液相色谱法下DMF在质量浓度0.70～10.8 mg/L范围内与响应值呈良好线性关系(r2≥0.999),检出限为0.011 mg/L;样品加标回收率为87.0％～98.6％;相对标准偏差为4.3％(n=6).总之,液相色谱法可以保证样品测定结果的准确性和可靠性,获得更低的检出限,适合于地下水中DMF的痕量分析检测.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。