大型运载火箭动力学关键技术及其进展综述

归纳和提出了我国未来大型运载火箭动力学研究的关键技术，综述了国外主要运载火箭、航天飞机等航天运载器解决结构动力学问题的主要技术途径，以及航天结构动力学研究的最新进展及其发展动向，提出了解决不进行实尺试验获得全箭支特性参数的具体技术方案和技术途径。     

运载火箭结构动力分析的一些新技术第二部分:运载火箭结构动力学分析

总结了运载火箭结构动力学的研究,简要介绍结构动力分析技术的一些新技术,提出子结构试验模型综合技术,子结构试验模态综合技术和几种精确模态综合法,这些技术已用于分析大型捆绑式火箭动力学特性。     

运载火箭结构动力分析的一些新技术第一部分：模态综合技术

总结了运载火箭结构动力学的研究,简要地介绍结构动力分析技术的一些新技术,提出子结构试验模型综合技术、子结构试验模态综合技术和几种精确模态综合法,这些技术已用于分析大型捆绑式火箭动力学特性。     

星箭动力学分析中多动力子结构模型综合研究

利用模型抽取技术得到整流罩的物理质量刚度阵,将其进行缩聚变换并采用多子结构模型综合技术完成与双星模型的组合。与整流罩模态试验结果的一致性说明计算结果的正确和可信,为后续全箭的动特性计算和星箭载荷耦合分析奠定了基础。     

防空火箭炮刚柔耦合发射动力学仿真

为了研究防空火箭炮射击过程中的振动特性,以多柔体动力学理论为基础,采用＂模态缩减法＂生成柔性车大梁,用可以求解刚体和柔性体之间非线性接触问题的＂节点法＂生成柔性定向管,建立某车载防空火箭炮刚柔耦合动力学模型.结合相关实验参数进行了数值仿真,并与多刚体模型仿真结果相比较.结果表明：与纯刚性模型相比,考虑定向管和车大梁柔性变形的动力学模型更贴近于火箭炮的实际射击情况;柔性变形影响火箭弹出管口的初始扰动,进而影响射击精度.该研究对于改善火箭的初始扰动具有参考价值.     

运载火箭多体系统动力学发展及应用

从工程实际角度,对运载火箭中的相关多体系统动力学问题进行分析与思考,提出运载火箭研制过程中多体系统动力学学科发展的重要性,并指出多体系统动力学在运载火箭研制方面后续需发展的若干方向,诸如贮箱晃动、分离装置、关节类机构等。建议结合运载火箭大过载、多相耦合的特点,开展针对模型高阶、强非线性相关动力学研究与工程软件研发。     

助推器超静定捆绑方案

捆绑运载火箭的助推器与芯级间通过捆绑装置连接,捆绑方案的优劣直接影响运载火箭飞行的可靠性。中国现役捆绑火箭均采用两捆绑面的静定捆绑方案,随着未来运载火箭助推器长细比的增加,其局部动特性将加大对火箭姿态控制的影响,因此对超静定捆绑技术的研究提出了迫切需求。开展超静定捆绑方案的优化研究,针对多种超静定捆绑组合方案,从捆绑连杆载荷、全箭动特性、分离可靠性、经济性和操作性等方面进行分析,通过研究捆绑组合方案对各因素的影响规律,获得较为合理的超静定捆绑方案,为工程应用提供参考和理论支撑。     

全箭动特性试验八点自由悬吊系统适应性分析

通过研究全箭动特性试验八点自由悬吊系统的适用性范围,指导全箭动特性试验的方案设计.研究方法是基于八点自由悬吊系统的结构形式,结合长征五号(CZ-5)运载火箭和长征五号B(CZ-5B)运载火箭的结构形式和试验状态质量特性变化,进行试验状态的助推部段的结构静力分析,同时对状态转换模拟液加注和排泄典型状态进行结构静力分析,通过对比分析受力状态和规律,进而优化模拟液加注和排泄流程.分析结果表明相对CZ-5,CZ-5B助推尾段的剪力载荷较大,载荷最大值发生在CZ-5B起飞状态相关的状态转换过程.由于最大载荷状态存在影响结构安全余量的风险,优化了模拟液加注泄出流程,降低结构载荷.最终通过试验验证,证明了优化方案的有效性.     

长征五号运载火箭分离系统设计与验证技术研究

长征五号运载火箭是中国全新自主研制的新一代大型全低温捆绑式运载火箭,作为核心研制内容的分离系统具有分离体尺寸规模大、助推器推力高、级间分离行程长、整流罩刚度低等特点,系统设计难度高、技术跨越大.长征五号研制针对分离系统在理论研究、设计方法、仿真手段和试验验证等方面开展了大量探索与攻关工作,对其中的技术进展进行了综述与展...     

某榴弹发射器刚柔耦合动力学建模与仿真研究

以多刚体动力学和柔性多体动力学理论为基础,采用ADAMS／Flex柔性模块,建立某自动榴弹发射器刚柔耦合的ADAMS模型。通过引入柔性架杆,对该发射器进行了刚柔耦合多体发射动力学仿真和分析,得到榴弹发射器的运动情况和一系列的动力特性曲线。通过与试验数据相比较,证明该方法科学合理,准确有效。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.