丙苯磺隆合成方法概述

丙苯磺隆是新型磺酰脲类麦田除草剂。概述了丙苯磺隆的化学名称、作用机理、应用等基本情况,着重总结了国内外报道的关于丙苯磺隆的合成工艺路线,并对各工艺路线进行了综合评述。     

电沉积法制备泡沫银工艺

以聚氨酯泡沫塑料为基材,探索电沉积法制备泡沫银的工艺条件.结果表明,聚氨酯泡沫塑料经化学镀、电沉积、还原烧结等,可制得三维网状的通孔泡沫银材料,其抗拉强度大于0.72 MPa,孔隙率大于98%,比表面积大于0.6 m2·g-1(BET 法).     

Superhydrophobic Coatings for Improved Performance of Electrical Insulators

Dielectric strength of electrical insulators is adversely affected by both wet conditions and surface roughness due to accelerated dielectric breakdown. While textured superhydrophobic coatings (i.e., coatings that are extremely repellent to water) can prevent the accumulation of water and help retain the dielectric strength of insulators under wet conditions, it is unclear whether or not the presence of texture (i.e., surface roughness) allows the retention of the dielectric strength of insulators. In this work, through a series of systematic experiments and analysis, it is concluded that porous superhydrophobic coatings rather than rough monolithic superhydrophobic surfaces allow the retention of dielectric strength of insulators under wet conditions in spite of the surface roughness. The insights from this work can enable the design of electrical insulators with improved performance and increased longevity.     

2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶的合成工艺路线述评

2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶是合成吡虫啉、烯啶虫胺等多种农药及医药的关键中间体.对国内外报道的关于2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶的合成工艺路线进行了系统的总结,并对目前开发比较成熟的工艺路线进行了综合评述,对今后合成2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶工艺的发展方向给予客观、科学的预测.     

己内酰胺生产过程中的NOx尾气治理

通过对SNIA甲苯法己内酰胺生产过程中氮氧化物排放超标原因的分析,提出相应的改进措施,采取增加氧化空 间,以及调整物料组成的方法,使尾气中NOx含量从210 kg/h降至16.20 kg/h。     

Characteristics of Electrical Insulation in PDMS-ATH Composite for High Voltage Insulators

Summary  The electrical insulation properties and the tracking and erosion resistances of high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber were investigated as to the concentration of alumina trihydrate (ATH) therein for the fabrication of silicone rubber with optimum ATH content. Controlling the ATH concentration has been found to be an important factor in the enhancement of the tracking and erosion resistances of silicone rubber. In addition, the silicone rubber showed constant electrical resistivity and dielectric breakdown voltage without any decrease due to the interfacial problems with the addition of ATH to the silicone rubber. Therefore, this fabricated silicone rubber that contains an optimum ATH concentration can be applied to outdoor high-voltage insulators.     

直接法合成十二烷基糖苷反应机理和动力学

由葡萄糖和十二醇直接合成了十二烷基糖苷。研究了该反应的机理,在对反应机理中基元反应分析的基础上建立了反应动力学模型,并计算了相关的动力学参数,确定了反应动力学方程。     

Physicochemical Processes in Transportation and Storage of Glass Batch

Conditions for hydration of soda and their effect on batch quality are considered. Regimes for transportation and storage of batch are determined. Recommendations for charging and discharging of batch are issued.     

输电线路污秽绝缘子串污闪机理分析与处理措施

结合变电运行管理经验,介绍对现场污闪事故处理措施,提出如何做好防污闪管理工作。     

物化预处理工艺在制药废水强化生物处理中的应用

制药废水中有机组分含量高、生物降解性差,单纯采用生物法进行处理时,出水COD往往难以达标排放要求。该文采用曝气吹脱、活性炭吸附和混凝沉淀等物化方法,对某企业制药废水中生物降解性较差的三个工段排水(W1,W5,W6)进行物化预处理。结果表明不进行工段废水物化预处理时,企业出水平均CODCr浓度为1 000 mg/L,达不到800 mg/L排放要求。物化预处理有效降低了高污染负荷工段中难降解有机物含量。曝气吹脱48 h对W1工段废水的总有机碳(TOC)去除率为45%,对W5和W6工段则无明显去除。将废水pH由弱酸性调至强碱性后,投加粉末活性炭(PAC)或絮凝剂(PAM)均可有效提高W5和W6工段排水的TOC去除率,分别达到50%和60%以上。采用物化预处理与生物处理相结合后,可保证出水中的CODCr浓度降至800 mg/L以下,满足污水排放要求。     

Development of an Electrical Resistance Tomography Reactor for Pharmaceutical Processes

A review of tomography systems suitable for industrial implementation and design considerations for tomographic sensors has allowed the design of an ERT sensor compatible with stringent process requirements. In conjunction with a data acquisition system, ITS P2000, this sensor was applied to processes considered typical of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) chemical development. Experimental results are described where variations in conductivity measurements were monitored in a stirred tank. The data were compared with spectroscopic on‐line monitoring and kinetic information. The results obtained demonstrate that this approach shows promise for on‐line control of mixing process performance and efficiency evaluation and optimisation of reactor geometries.     

Physicochemical Processes in Pyrolysis and Combustion of Fireproof Polyacrylonitrile and Viscose Fibres

The characteristics of thermooxidative degradation of fibres in the presence of flame retardants, manifested by predominance of cross-linking processes which favors formation of CR over degradation processes, are established. Modification with flame retardants decreases the yield and toxicity of combustible volatile products, the rate of thermolysis, the activation energy of dehydration (for VF) and cyclization (for PAN fibres), and the exothermic effects and reverse heat flow to the polymer. The fibres obtained have OI of 32 vol. % and are resistant to wet treatments with a fireproofing effect.     

多种物化生化组合工艺处理印染电镀混合废水

通过"混凝+预处理曝气+预处理沉淀+A2/O生化法+物化"组合工艺对污水处理厂废水进行处理,对COD、TP、TN、NH3-N等测定数据进行分析,评价污水处理厂运行效果.结果表明:COD、TP、TN、NH3-N的平均去除率分别为97％、96％、70％、97％,出水各项指标的平均值分别为:COD浓度为46 mg/L、TP浓度为0.06 mg/L、TN浓度为8 mg/L、NH3-N浓度为0.6 mg/L,出水满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)中的一级A标准要求,在进水浓度低于设计值的情况下,出水污染物浓度不易受进水量增加的影响.     

制备条件对铝掺杂氧化锌(AZO)薄膜结构和电学性质的影响

本文利用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃基底上制备得到了AZO透明导电薄膜,就两种不同的热处理-退火方式对薄膜的结构与性质的影响做了比较,研究了掺杂浓度、退火温度对薄膜结构及性质的影响规律.结果表明,高温、分层退火、铝掺杂均有利于生成结晶度高、具有C轴优先取向的AZO薄膜;高温和分层退火有利于晶粒长大,相反铝掺杂却有碍晶粒长大;薄膜的电学性质随退火温度和铝掺杂量的变化呈现规律的变化.通过分析AZO薄膜内的晶体生长过程,本文认为主要是制备条件和AZO晶体的晶面习性导致了薄膜的结晶度、晶体生长取向性和晶粒尺寸等方面的差异.     

核设施、设备用耐高温涂料的研制

采用自制的环氧改性有机硅树脂和聚酰胺树脂为交联固化体系，加入锌粉、陶瓷粉和特种功能体质颜料，通过合理优化匹配制得的涂料不仅具有优异的机械性能、防腐性能，而且能长期耐高温、耐辐射，并具有很好的去污性能。     

甲苯-苯甲酸法与异丙苯法制苯酚方案比较

工业生产苯酚主要采用异丙苯法和甲苯氧化法。从生产工艺、流程、能耗物耗、投资几方面对生产苯酚的甲苯-苯甲酸法和异丙苯法两种方案进行比较。     

Relations between some Physicochemical Properties of Reactive Dyes and their Behaviour in Padding Processes

Meetings of the Scottish Region, held in the St Enoch Hotel, Glasgow, on 16th February 1965, Mr B. W. Mills in the chair; and of the Manchester Region, held at the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society on 18th February 1965, Mr F. V. Davis in the chair Experimental results are presented which show that the members of any given range of reactive dyes have a diffusion coefficient D and an exhaustion value E which are roughly in inverse proportion to each other. Metal–complex dyes (1: 1 and 1: 2) and phthalocyanine metal complexes, however, show characteristic deviations in behaviour. The significance of D and E in the padding, intermediate drying, and fixation of reactive dyes is elucidated. The theory of the padding process is discussed and the relationships between D and E and the ending behaviour are demonstrated. A new test for assessing the tendency to ending is described.     

Features of Physicochemical Processes in Thin-Film Structures Based on Chalcogenide Vitreous Semiconductor and Copper

The physicochemical processes associated with the interaction between a chalcogenide vitreous semiconductor (CVS) and a metal (Me) in thin-layer structures obtained upon vacuum deposition of the As₂S₃ and Cu films have been investigated by resistometric and ellipsometric techniques. The influence of the interface between the layers, the conditions of preparing chalcogenide films, and the properties of environment on the deposition process are studied. The mechanism of the chemical process is qualitatively explained within the thermochemical approach.     

制备Mo2C催化剂的最佳工艺条件及其反应机理

钼酸铵焙烧制备碳化钼前驱体MoO3,以MoO3为钼源、V（H2）/V（CH4）混合气体为碳化介质采用程序升温反应法制备Mo2C催化剂;考察钼酸铵制备MoO3适宜的温度,以及程序升温反应法制备Mo2C的最适V（H2）/V（CH4）比和碳化终温,用XRD表征分析产物。得出制备Mo2C催化剂的最佳工艺条件是：钼酸铵焙烧温度为450℃、V（H2）/V（CH4）为2︰1～4︰1、碳化终温为700℃;其反应机理是：MoO3先被还原为MoO2,MoO2需经历过渡态的单质Mo才能碳化生成Mo2C。