基于区块链的虚拟电厂模型研究

新能源技术和互联网技术推动了电力系统由智能电网向能源互联网进化,未来能源互联网将以分布式能源作为主要的一次能源。虚拟电厂技术能够聚合分布式能源并建立虚拟电力资源交易,逐步成为分布式能源高渗透情况下的核心并网技术。针对以实时电价为驱动的未来能源互联网,结合区块链这一安全、透明、去中心化的分布式计算范式,建立基于区块链的虚拟电厂模型,通过区块链的激励机制将虚拟电厂协调控制手段和分布式能源独立并网行为有机联动,从而实现高效的分布式调度计算。仿真实验表明,所提模型满足能源互联网中分布式能源高渗透率、高自由度、高交易频率、高响应速度的并网需求。     

履带式机器人虚拟控制平台的研究与设计

针对目前多履带机器人运动规律的探索难以深入和运动效果的展示难以实现等问题,研究并设计了一种基于虚拟实现技术而建立的履带式机器人控制交互展示平台;结合该辅助平台的建立过程,探讨了履带式机器人的虚拟遥操作技术,以及其虚拟显示与实际控制的同步性问题,提出了履带式机器人构建接触模型的处理方法,给出了其虚拟端运动学仿真以及相关的数学模型,使得平台控制可以借助于虚拟的反馈为依据;所讨论的设计方法和技术途径可为构建和开发其他相似的仿真平台提供参考和借鉴。     

工业机器人虚拟样机系统的研究

该文提出将虚拟样机技术应用于工业机器人仿真研究过程，研究与开发工业机器人虚拟样机系统，首先说明虚拟样机技术并分析其关键技术，然后说明了工业机器人虚拟样机系统的构成与样机系统在机器人仿具研究中的研究内容，总结该项技术主要解决以下两方面的问题，即机器人仿真研究中的系统集成及为以机器人为主体的生产线虚拟设计，验证环境提供底层的数字化环境。     

基于“互联网+”虚拟技术的实验教学平台研究

以"互联网+"、虚拟技术视角,从技术层面搭建"互联网+"虚拟技术框架,提出虚拟实验室教学设计,然后使用虚拟化技术设计实验教学平台,包括实验虚拟交互、SPOC云、开放共享等。以校企共建实验室的理念和学科专业特点,搭建与企业接轨的仿真实验教学平台,包括3D仿真财务决策平台、财务与会计核心课程平台(含课程实验、综合实训、社会实践)、实验室管理平台等,并以该平台设计"互联网+"实验流程和财务会计相关专业案例分析。通过"互联网+"虚拟实验室构建在线教学共同体,并对该共同体进行优化设计,建立优化模型,以提升MOOC学习效率和实践效果。同时对国内外高校"以职业能力为导向"的教学模式设计进行了应用比较分析。最后总结虚拟实验室利用率的相关影响。     

基于纹理映射和fBm的真实感地形研究

在文章中讨论了三维真实感地形表现在OpenGL支持下的分形模型的建立、纹理映射技术等。并提出了基于纹理映射技术的fBm算法，应用该算法生成的地形，既具有较高的真实感，又具有较快的绘制速度，适用于各种虚拟场景的创建。     

基于BP神经网络的智能控制器设计及其应用

神经网络可以被用来计算复杂的输入与输出结果集之间的关系,因此具有强大的控制能力。论文以工业洗衣机为控制对象,建立了BP神经网络智能控制模型,提出了BP网络的一种离线式学习方法,并在微机中实现。通过实际应用检验,其通用性强、容错性好。     

全景视频信息空间模型

全景视频是一种以３６０度实景全景图像为基础来构造虚拟环境的技术，本文讨论了利用它来建立一个可操作、可漫游的虚拟信息空间，并就如何建立该空间模型进行研究。该空间具有立体显示和三维虚拟声音，能够组织、存取、操作和表现多媒体空间数据。     

一种虚拟路由器资源映射算法研究

网络虚拟化技术的提出,为解决互联网"僵化"问题找到了新的思路,受到广泛的关注。在虚拟路由器平台中,若干台互联的网络服务器资源组成了底层物理网络,通过虚拟网络映射技术,将物理网络资源有效地映射到虚拟网络设备上,组成多个虚拟网络,满足用户对网络的多样化需求。虚拟路由器资源映射问题是虚拟网络映射问题的基础,虚拟路由器实例与物理资源的映射方法决定了虚拟网络平台资源的利用率和虚拟网络系统的性能。针对虚拟路由器平台资源分配的问题,提出了物理网络资源模型和虚拟路由器资源请求模型,设计了一种启发式虚拟路由资源分配算法,并对算法的复杂性和优化目标进行了分析。     

从工业4.0到能源5.0:智能能源系统的概念、内涵及体系框架

分析推动工业进程和能源进程交互发展的因素和趋势, 结合能源互联网的发展要求, 提出了建立能源5.0的迫切性和必要性. 着重讨论了在网络化之后, 能源系统呈现的社会性问题, 认为在传统方式之外, 必须引入人类社会学、管理学等软科学进行分析建模; 指出了虚拟人工系统根本不同于传统仿真系统等理念, 只有利用虚拟人工模型, 采用平行系统, 才能建立能源5.0. 阐述了能源5.0的理论、框架和技术, 明确了能源5.0、基于社会物理信息系统(Cyber-physical-social system, CPSS) 的平行能源是等价的概念. 指出能源5.0核心是构建与实际能源系统同构的虚拟人工能源系统, 通过虚拟人工能源系统的计算实验, 确定优化控制策略, 引导实际能源系统运行, 并使虚拟人工系统和实际系统平行执行、共同演化, 形成智能能源系统. 最后以华电集团已经完成的分布式能源5.0示范项目和正在实施的火力发电5.0项目及智能家居能源系统, 探讨了能源5.0的研究内容、技术途径及应用前景.     

基于逻辑模型的自动化制造系统建模方法

系统调适是自动化制造系统在实际应用前的重要阶段，但是传统的系统调适存在周期长、成本高等问题。虚拟调适可以有效解决这些问题，在本次研究中提出采用离散事件系统规范(Discrete Event System Specification, DEVS)来构建虚拟调适系统中的逻辑模型，并对其进行了扩展和改进。同时利用DEVS++进行二次开发和仿真分析，重复验证建立的逻辑模型并进行修改。在结果的实例分析中，以自动化制造系统为例，对逻辑模型的建立进行了展示。同时该模型的召回率为91%,准确率为86%,F值为79%;其准确率相较于灰狼算法和文献方法分别提高了6.25%和14.86%。结果证实了实验中提出的基于逻辑模型的系统建模方法具有可行性和优越性，对于自动化制造系统的模型构建具有较好的技术参考价值。     

合成氨清洁生产监控系统设计与实现

清洁生产作为一套完整的可持续发展战略,已得到社会的广泛认同,但国内尚未实现清洁生产评估考核系统数据的整合。为解决这个问题,对基于InTouch的合成氨企业清洁生产监控系统实现方法进行了研究和开发,并在此基础上设计和实现了基于Matlab与InTouch混合编程的合成氨企业清洁生产在线评估考核示范系统。模糊分层评估算法给出了母系统和不同层次子系统清洁生产水平隶属度判断,评估结果验证了该示范系统的可行性和有效性。     

Data-driven cleaner production strategy for energy-intensive manufacturing industries: Case studies from Southern and Northern China

Cleaner production is an effective strategy for improving material utilization, reducing energy consumption, maximizing product output, and minimizing emissions during the entire manufacturing processes. An increasing number of enterprises promote the implementation of cleaner production. In the Industry 4.0 context, product-embedded information devices are widely used to capture product lifecycle data. Product lifecycle management provides an opportunity to achieve cleaner production strategy. This paper presents a data-driven cleaner production strategy by product lifecycle management for energy-intensive manufacturing industries. The data-driven strategy is proposed and explained by the lifecycle of cleaner production data. Implementation models are developed to illustrate the proposed data-driven cleaner production strategy. Furthermore, two case studies from Southern and Northern China are presented to demonstrate the strategy. Results show that the unit energy consumption and the energy cost of production in Company A are reduced by at least 3% after applying the proposed strategy. In addition, the “cradle-to-gate” lifecycle data analysis indicates that the costs of environmental pollution in Company B are diminished significantly. Finally, energy-intensive manufacturing companies in China are compared and evaluated, and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is discussed.     

Polynomial Approach to Optimal One-wafer Cyclic Scheduling of Treelike Hybrid Multi-Cluster Tools via Petri Nets

A treelike hybrid multi-cluster tool is composed of both single-arm and dual-arm cluster tools with a treelike topology. Scheduling such a tool is challenging. For a hybrid treelike multi-cluster tool whose bottleneck individual tool is process-bound, this work aims at finding its optimal one-wafer cyclic schedule. It is modeled with Petri nets such that a onewafer cyclic schedule is parameterized as its robots' waiting time. Based on the model, this work proves the existence of its onewafer cyclic schedule that features with the ease of industrial implementation. Then, computationally efficient algorithms are proposed to find the minimal cycle time and optimal onewafer cyclic schedule. Multi-cluster tool examples are given to illustrate the proposed approach. The use of the found schedules enables industrial multi-cluster tools to operate with their highest productivity.      

带有偏差单元的IRN在两相流ECT中的应用

该文提出了基于带有偏差单元递归神经网络算法在电容层析成像系统的图像重建中的应用。该算法克服了电容层析成像系统中电容测量灵敏度分布易受被测多相流介质分布的影响,利用MATLAB编程对带有偏差单元的递归神经网络进行训练,给出了图像仿真结果。仿真结果表明,该算法在保证了重建图像质量的前提下,缩短训练时间,提高了成像速度,满足了工业实时性的要求。     

QoE enhancement of the industrial metaverse based on Mixed Reality application optimization

As a comprehensive integration of many new-generation information technologies, the metaverse has become a research hotspot that has attracted much attention. As a part of the metaverse, the industrial metaverse is expected to break through the constraints of space and time and promote high-quality industrial development. The industrial metaverse is human-centric, so its quality of experience (QoE) is a key topic. As one of the enabling technologies of the industrial metaverse, Mixed Reality (MR) can seamlessly integrate virtual information with the physical world and is widely regarded as an important window to the industrial metaverse. In close integration with other enabling technologies, industrial MR applications can be seen as a path toward the realization of the industrial metaverse; thus, the optimization of industrial MR applications can effectively achieve the QoE enhancement of the industrial metaverse. Based on the analysis of existing research and the characteristics of industrial scenarios, consistency, authenticity, smoothness, and comfort are identified as the factors that influence the user experience (UX) of industrial MR applications. Specific optimization methods for industrial MR applications are proposed to improve the UX with regard to these four factors. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, a QoE evaluation model of the industrial metaverse based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is established. Moreover, an industrial metaverse prototype for longwall mining that incorporates the proposed methods is developed and its QoE is evaluated. The results show that the proposed optimization methods for industrial MR applications significantly enhance the QoE in the industrial metaverse, and can provide better services for users in industrial systems, thus better serving these systems.     

加热炉的控制方案探讨与研究

加热炉是工业生产中广泛使用的加热设备。本文针对加热炉具有的纯滞后特性,分析讨论了几种控制方案的特点。重点分析了火滞后过程对象的补偿方法并提出了改进的措施。用仿真方法说明了几种因素对控制系统性能的影响和改进作用。     

An efficient contrast-enhancement method using the analog to digital converter

The study presents a hybrid method of contrast enhancement using the analog to digital converter (ADC) for use in high-speed industrial applications. The proposed framework processes the digitized image in efficient steps to generate the low and high offsets of the ADC. These offsets are used to modify the analog image signal by an affine transform, such that the digitization of the transformed signalis the enhanced image. Since the signal transformation is mostly done in the analog domain, the method is efficient, and its implementation is inexpensive. As an example, the enhancement method is used in applications where, given images of varying initial contrast, we can obtain an user-specified contrast for all images. These images are then segmented by a simpler image-processing algorithm. The method is a generalization of existing ADC-based enhancement methods and is compared experimentally to the digital domain techniques. An application of the method is given for the enhancement of laser-etched characters on industrial parts.     

GreenPro-I: a risk-based life cycle assessment and decision-making methodology for process plant design

In recent years, significant attention and emphasis has been given to cleaner and greener technologies in processes and product manufacturing. This is recognized as a key element in pollution prevention (P2) and development of sustainable strategies. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a systematic approach that enables implementation of cleaner and greener product and process concepts in industry. In recent times substantial progress has been made in the use of LCA for product evaluation and selection. However, its use in cleaner and greener process design and decision-making has not been explored to a great extent.Process design and decision-making are challenging activities that involve trade-off of conflicting objectives, namely costs, technical feasibility and environmental impacts. These conflicting objectives can be analysed at the early design and decision-making stage by considering the full life cycle of a process or a product. A cleaner and greener process is the one that is cost optimal, technically feasible, and environmentally benign. To obtain these results LCA requires various tools and techniques in a systematic methodology. This paper proposes a holistic and integrated methodology GreenPro-I for process/product design by combining the traditional LCA approach with multi-criteria decision-making methods. This methodology is simple and applicable at the early design stage and is more robust against uncertainty in the data. Application of the methodology has been demonstrated in the paper through a urea production case study.     

流程工业的组合积分系统及其先进控制

给出了流程丁业中组合积分系统的定义,分析了其特性.基于模型预测控制的基本原理,设计了组合积分系统的先进控制算法,并成功应用于实际工业过程之中,大大提高了控制的精度和经济效益.     

Estimate of the two smallest singular values of the Jacobian Matrix: Application to damped least-squares inverse kinematics

The smallest singular value of the Jacobian matrix is known to be the sole reliable measure of closeness to singular configurations; its computation via a full singular value decomposition, however, is demanding in view of real-time applications. In this article, a standard singular value estimation procedure is extended to improve the handling of singular values crossing along a given trajectory. The proposed algorithm maintains the computational efficiency of the original technique and shows higher estimation accuracy with respect to the original procedure. Case studies are developed to verify the effectiveness of the estimation procedure applied to an industrial manipulator. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.