共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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针对浮冰区与平整冰区中航行船舶冰阻力与操纵性的预报问题,采用冰-水-船相互作用数值模型对“雪龙”船在浮冰区与平整冰区中的回转运动特性进行了数值分析。在数值模型中,采用具有黏结破碎特征的球形离散元模型来模拟冰盖的破坏过程,采用球体-三角形接触模型来模拟船-冰之间的碰撞过程,建立了考虑船舶桨力、舵力及水动力的六自由度操纵运动方程。在此基础上对船舶在不同厚度(1.2 m~1.7 m)、不同密集度(40%,60%,80%)浮冰区与不同厚度(0.8 m~1.2 m)平整冰区行进时的破冰阻力及回转特性进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明:在相同厚度的浮冰区航行时冰阻力小于平整冰区航行的阻力值;浮冰区中回转圈直径约为敞水中回转直径的1倍~2倍;平整冰中回转直径约为敞水中回转直径的2倍~6倍。 相似文献
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海冰与直立结构相互作用的离散单元数值模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在冰区油气开发中,海冰会导致海洋结构的强烈振动,并对结构累积疲劳损伤、上部油气管线和设备,以及操作人员健康构成很大的威胁。在海冰与直立海洋结构的相互作用中,冰荷载的幅值和频率一直是海冰工程研究的重要内容。该文针对海冰与直立海洋结构作用中的破碎过程,建立了海冰的离散单元模型。它将海冰离散为若干个规则排列且具有粘接-破碎功能的颗粒单元,并通过海冰单轴压缩试验对单元间的粘接强度进行确定;在此基础上对直立海洋平台结构的作用过程进行了数值计算,获得了不同桩径下的冰荷载和结构冰振响应,为冰区平台结构设计和现役海洋结构的疲劳寿命评估提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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该文以发表的海冰蠕变实验为基础,建立考虑损伤失效的非线性Burgers’海冰模型。此模型在Jordaan模型基础上考虑韧脆转变应变率影响,使原有模型应用范围扩展至较高应变率。在模型中引入经验损伤失效准则,以准确反映不同应变率、围压等工况下海冰损伤失效过程。应用FORTRAN语言,通过隐式积分中心法对此模型进行数值求解,并将其嵌入到有限元软件LS-DYNA中。对实验室尺度的柱状冰蠕变实验、真实尺度冰块-刚性板碰撞场景进行数值模拟,分析蠕变实验的轴向应变-时间曲线,讨论冰块碰撞得到的压力-面积曲线及碰撞力时历曲线。这些数值模拟结果与实验及真实碰撞结果吻合较好,验证此模型的正确性及其对工程实际进行模拟的可行性。 相似文献
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粘弹-塑性海冰动力学本构模型中的Drucker-Prager屈服准则 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
针对中小尺度下海冰动力作用过程中的漂移和堆积特征,在粘弹-塑性海冰动力学本构模型中引入了Drucker-Prager(D-P)屈服准则。该模型在海冰屈服前采用Kelvin-Vogit粘弹模型,屈服后采用相关联的正则流动法则。采用该模型对规则海区内的海冰堆积过程进行了数值试验,计算的海冰堆积高度与其解析解一致。另外,在对渤海海冰动力过程中的海冰厚度、密集度、速度以及冰内应力进行的48小时数值模拟中,计算的冰厚分布与卫星遥感资料相符合。基于D-P准则的计算结果与Mohr-Coulomb(M-C)准则的结果相一致,但D-P准则克服了M-C准则计算塑性应力时的奇异现象,进而简化了计算过程。在以上数值模拟中,均采用了光滑质点动力学计算方法。以上数值计算均验证了基于D-P屈服准则的粘弹-塑性本构模型在海冰动力学中的可靠性。 相似文献
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采用非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,结合混凝土冰材料数值模型,建立了楔形冰碰撞下蜂窝金属夹芯板动态响应数值仿真模型,得到了碰撞过程的冲击力时间曲线和冲击力位移曲线、蜂窝金属夹芯板的变形以及冲击能量分配情况,并开展了楔形冰-蜂窝金属夹芯板碰撞冲击试验验证。研究结果表明,楔形冰碰撞下蜂窝金属夹芯板上面板表现为局部凹陷与整体弯曲的耦合变形模式,下面板表现为整体弯曲变形模式,冲击能量转化为蜂窝金属夹芯板的变形能和楔形冰的回弹动能以及冰体破碎耗散能量,数值仿真与试验结果吻合较好,验证了数值计算模型的准确性。在此基础上,研究了浮冰碰撞冲击位置以及蜂窝芯层厚度对其动态响应及能量分配的影响规律。 相似文献
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A GPU-based discrete element method (DEM) with bonded particles is investigated to simulate the mechanical properties of sea ice in uniaxial compressive and three-point bending tests. Both the uniaxial compressive strength and flexural strength of sea ice are related to the microparameters in DEM simulation including particle size, sample size, bonding strength, and interparticle friction coefficient. These parameters are analyzed to build the relationship between the material macrostrengths of sea ice and the microparameters of the numerical model in DEM simulations. Based on this relationship, the reasonable microparameters can be calculated by given macrostrengths in the applications of simulating the failure processes of sea ice. In this simulation, both uniaxial compressive strength and flexural strength of ice increase with the increasing ratio of sample size and particle size. The interparticle friction coefficient is directly related to the compressive strength but has little effect on the flexural strength. In addition, numerical simulations are compared with experimental data to show the performance of the proposed model, and a satisfactory agreement is achieved. Therefore, this microparameter validation approach based on macrostrengths can be applied to simulate the complicated failure process of sea ice interacting with offshore platform structures. 相似文献
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A ship advancing in level ice will introduce several failure processes to the ice sheet, such as localised crushing and breaking due to bending stresses. The resulting ice fragments will interact with each other, with water and with the hull of the ship. They may rotate, collide, or slide along ship's hull, and eventually they will be cleared away. The situation is different in a broken ice field, i.e., large ice floes may behave similar to level ice while smaller floes will mostly be pushed aside, rotated or submerged. Modelling of such a complex system is very demanding and often computationally expensive which would typically hinder the chances for real-time simulations. This kind of simulations can be very useful for training personnel for Arctic offshore operations and procedures, for analysing the efficiency of various ice management concepts and as a part of the onboard support systems for station keeping. The challenge of meeting the real-time criterion is overcome in the present paper. The paper describes a numerical model to simulate the process of ship-ice interaction in real-time. New analytical closed form solutions are established and used to represent the ice breaking process. PhysX is used for the first time to solve the equations of rigid body motions in 6 degrees of freedom for all ice floes in the calculation domain. The results of the simulator are validated against experimental data from model-scale and full-scale tests. The validation tests exhibited a satisfactory agreement between the model calculations and experimental measurements. 相似文献
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This paper addresses the fracture toughness and strength characteristics of ice taken from Notoro Lagoon in the Okhotsk Sea close to Hokkaido. Experimental values of tensile and bending strengths, and fracture toughness of sea ice conformed to Weibull statistical distribution. The proposed model predicts variation in fracture toughness as a function of the statistical distribution of ice grain sizes, effective surface energy, and elastic constants of ice. A very good agreement between experimental cumulative probability of fracture toughness and predicted distribution of fracture toughness of sea ice has been found. Computing the Weibull stress of sea ice, the dependence of fracture probability on stress intensity factor has been established. This result is in very good agreement with the presented method for the prediction of fracture toughness of sea ice. 相似文献
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基于LS-DYNA软件对流冰与输水隧洞的撞击作用进行非线性有限元仿真模拟,并且通过几何比尺C l为5的室内物理模型试验进行相应的验证,发现水介质中不同工况下流冰对输水隧洞衬砌的撞击影响规律。最终结果表明:流冰的压缩强度对隧洞衬砌的撞击影响呈现出近似的对数函数关系;流冰厚度对隧洞衬砌的撞击影响呈现出近似的多项式关系;综合分析该研究所模拟的不同工况可以发现,水介质的作用以及“水垫效应”的影响在小型流冰撞击输水隧洞衬砌过程中表现的较为明显,在求解分析时应充分考虑,不可忽略。同时,通过仿真模拟和试验验证得出的计算结果基本吻合,表明所采用的数值仿真模型准确可靠。 相似文献
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冰阻力是冰区船舶航行过程中的重要影响因素,对船舶航行性能及航行安全带来严峻挑战。该文采用扩展多面体离散元方法建立冰船动力作用过程的三维离散元方法,基于船舶推进功率与推进力间近似关系,将螺旋桨推力、冰载荷、舵力及水动力等载荷分开考虑,开展恒功率破冰船六自由度非线性操纵直航冰阻力及运动响应计算。为验证该离散元方法的可靠性,对比了碎冰区DUBROVIN及平整冰区LINDQVIST冰阻力公式计算结果。基于船舶在不同主机推进功率及复杂冰况下的直航冰阻力计算结果,展开对船舶破冰航速的影响因素分析。在此基础上,给出了船舶垂荡、横摇、纵摇等冰区船舶运动响应模拟结果和极地船舶运动响应预报结果,最后对碎冰及平整冰区船舶冰阻力及运动响应展开了对比分析。该方法可有效计算船舶冰阻力,其模拟结果可为冰区船舶运动响应及航行安全预警提供重要参考。 相似文献