Measurement of scattering coefficient σ° of trees

Abstract

This paper describes (1) an indoor measurement method to sludy backscattering characteristics of trees and (2) the result of the measurements made on two kinds of conifers, Sugi (Japanese cedar) and Sawara (Japanese cypress), at C- and X-bands for polarization combinations of HH, VV, HV and VH. The discussions on the backscattering and penetration characteristics of the trees using the measured ground truth data indicate the usefulness of this method to study microwave signatures of trees.     

On the Effectiveness of Combining in Resolving ′Hot-Spot′ Contention

Sharing the memory in a parallel computer suggests that there is a possibility of many processors requesting a shared variable at virtually the same time. This idea has been formalized in the "hot spot" traffic model, where a fixed fraction of memory requests is for a single shared variable. Under the model, it has been shown that such concurrent requests to shared variable can create contention serious enough to stall large machines. As an effective method of alleviating this type of contention, "combining," in which several requests for the same variable can be combined into a single request, has been suggested. The NYU Ultracomputer and the IBM RP3 machine use "pairwise" combining, in which only two requests for the same variable can be combined at a switch of the processor-memory intereconnection. We study the effectiveness of combining. In particular, it turns out that pairwise combining is slightly too restrictive to handle hot spots if the machine size becomes very large. We suggest ways to overcome this weakness.     

Automatic collection of user behavior in 360° multimedia

The arrival of 360° video to the everyday life creates the necessity of assessing both the audiovisual production and the playback environment offered to the final user. Leveraging the standard Experience API (xAPI), that considers collecting micro-interactions with e-learning content, we propose a platform to automatically collect the users’ interaction with applications based on interactive 360° multimedia. To validate the platform, we introduce an example of educational activities based on interactive 360° videos and the tools used to first, annotate these videos and convert them into interactive activities; second, to perform said activity and collect the users’ behavior via xAPI statements; and finally, to convert these statements to meaningful information in the form of user metrics and charts, both at individual level and also aggregated by activity, creating the possibility of finding singular and group behavior. This work concludes that the presented platform helps to analyze how users behave with omnidirectional interactive productions, with the aim of validating and improving its usability, ending with the discussion of future work ideas.     

Massive Parallelization of NMC′s Spectral Model

This paper briefly describes the formulation of NMC′s Spectral Model and the numerical methods used in its implementation. The various segments of the numerical algorithm are analyzed for suitability to a massively parallel architecture and a computer algorithm is designed for execution on a CM-200 computer. Special emphasis is placed on the production of a fast Legendre Transform and the minimization of interprocessor communication. Performance and scalability issues are presented.     

0°—180°可控硅线性触发器

本文采用两片常用集成电路组成一个可控硅线性触发器，移相范围为0°～180°。具有结构简单，成本低廉等优点。     

Transient simulations of the electrophoretic motion of a cylindrical particle through a 90° corner

The trajectory of a cylindrical particle driven by electrophoresis was transiently simulated as the particle moves through a 90° corner. A variety of system parameters were tested to determine their impact on the particle motion. The zeta potential, channel width, and particle aspect ratio were shown to have a minimal effect on the particle motion. Conversely, the initial vertical position of the particle and initial angle with respect to the horizontal had a significant impact on the particle motion. The presence of the 90° corner acts to reduce the initial distribution of angles to the vertical of 90° to less than 30°, demonstrating the possibility of using a corner as a passive control element as part of a larger microfluidic system. However, the reduction in angle is limited to the area near the corner posing a limitation on this means of control.     

38°机箱

一、INTEL CAG规范详解-很早以前就已出现近来留心机箱市场的朋友不难发现,越来越多的新品机箱都宣称自己符合什么CAG1.1规范或者TAC1.1规范甚至做到了38度概念。这么多名词要么不来一来就是三个,这下子可给消费者弄了个头晕脑胀。那么这三者到底都是什么意思,它们之间又有什么关系呢?下面,就让我们来为您注意进行一个解释。首先,让我们了解一下CAG。CAG的英文全称为Chassis Air Guide,是INTEL对于机箱内部散热设计的指南。随着新一代处理器、芯片组以及显示卡在运算速度上的提高,对应的发热量也是突飞猛进,为了给这些高发热量配件进行良好的散热各个厂家纷纷给它们安装上了散热风扇。但是,无论风扇对这些配件的帮助有多大它们都是封闭在一     

移动360°

2月11日，在北京搜狐网络大厦的视频演播室，acer搞了一场别开生面的产品发布会。在会上，acer发布了最新的10.1英寸屏幕的Aspire One超便携电脑。不过，这都不是最吸引人目光的，真正让人眼前一亮的，是Aspire One的代言人——李欣汝的登场。     

目标：南纬27°，东经133°

澳大利亚是一个利润丰厚、回报稳定的市场。澳大利亚客商对产品品质要求很高，如果企业的产品品质一直有保证，生意做顺了，抓住一个客户，想丢都丢不掉。     

移动360°

艾诺V6000HD系列PMP正式发布;惠普在台发布多点触摸笔记本电脑;MBA的对手来了!;你是超便携吗？;Mini700andNC20来参战     

本本360°

某日,当我沉浸于自己的东芝Satellite A60本本的便携和轻巧中时忽然灵感一动,我是不是要好好武装一下自己的本本?其实本本的意义不止是可以方便地上上网,管理文档,倒倒大容量的图片或者视频。给本本身上的各种端端口口配置些相应的东西,好好照顾本本,你会发现,本本其实是个多面手。下面我们就一起动手武装本本,或许我介绍的东西不是最新的,但都有自己的-技之长。     

Improvement of the Umkehr ozone profile by the neural network method: analysis of the Belsk (51.80°N, 20.80°E) Umkehr data

Vertical profiles of atmospheric ozone by the neural network (NN) method are compared with those obtained by the standard Umkehr inversion algorithm – UMK92. Both methods used the same input, the so-called N values, derived from Umkehr measurements at Belsk (51.80°N, 20.80°E), Poland, by the Dobson spectrophotometer No 84. The vertical profiles of ozone from satellite observations, Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) overpasses for the period 2004–2009, and from ozonesoundings performed at the nearby aerological station, Legionowo (52.4° N, 21.0° E), for the period 2000–2009 provide a reference data set for the NN model building. The NN methodology appears to be a promising tool for extracting information about the vertical ozone profile from ground-based Umkehr measurements, despite some limitations of the NN method itself, such as the results being limited to the analysed station, sensitivity to errors in the reference data sets, and lack of possibility to determine the actual retrieval errors. Accuracy of the NN ozone profiles is better for all Umkehr layers than that by the standard Umkehr inversion algorithm when NN and UMK92 profiles are compared with the reference profiles. It is especially pronounced for comparisons with the ozonesonde profiles for layers 4 and 1, where the absolute error changes from 10.6 Dobson units (DU) (UMK92) to 4.4 DU (NN) and from 6.6 DU (UMK92) to 3.5 DU (NN), respectively (1 Dobson unit is equal to 2.69 × 10²⁰ molecules/m²). The mean (over all Umkehr layers) correlation coefficient between NN-MLS, and NN-ozonesonde profiles is 0.75 and 0.85, respectively. The corresponding correlation coefficients for the comparison with UMK92 profiles are lower, i.e. 0.61 and 0.64, respectively.     

Conformational energy analysis of peptides using microcomputers: Description of PepCAD™ and analysis of N-formyl-N′-methylalanineamide

A computer program (called PepCAD™) was developed for performing conformational analysis of peptides on an Apple Macintosh personal computer. The program takes advantage of the mouse-based user interface and graphics of the Macintosh. PepCAD displays peptide molecules, calculates conformational energies, and performs energy minimization on peptides of up to 10 residues. Written in C, PepCAD supports an interactive mode and a batch processing mode, contains about 17,000 lines of code in 11 modules, and utilizes the ECEPP/2 and MINOP equations and parameters for energy calculation and minimization. Conformational energy minimization was done on N-formyl-N′-methylalanineamide. The number of minima and their relative energies were essentially the same as those of N-acetyl-N′-methylalanineamide.     

回眸′97,关注′98

笔记本电脑市场瞬息万变,＇98春节刚过,由联想公司首先发起的万元笔记本来势突然。出乎业内人士意料的是在随后不到二个月的时间,以同和、恒升、伦飞、联宝、大众等地区为代表的本地或台湾地区品牌开始迎战“万元”。他们首先将主频是166MHz/MMX的机型开始带入万元大关,借助媒体的炒作“红极一时”,大有后来居上之势。这一形势使IBM、TOSHIBA、NEC等各大厂家的代理商大为吃惊,就连“万元”大战的发起者都来不及回味这是怎么回事。笔记本电脑突破价格障碍已成定局,这一局面将促使各大品牌全面调整价格以适应当前局面。到目前为止,笔记本电脑市     

Natural embedding of live actors and entities into 360° virtual reality scenes

The Journal of Supercomputing - This paper is concerned with techniques for directly embedding moving objects in the real world into 360° virtual reality scenes captured by 360° camera,...     

360°无处遁形

全景摄像机由鱼眼镜头来实现360°监控；也可通过多镜头实现全景守护。本期所测试的3款全景摄像机，都采用了鱼眼镜头，那么他们又有哪些令人惊叹的地方呢？下面让小编给大家总结一下。     

空中滑雪360°

利用Photoshop的全景功能,使冬季运动更加精彩动感地展现。常用数码相机拍照的人都知道,照片效果是可以通过图像后期处理来改善的。有时利用Photoshop还可以变幻出新花样的图案。现在我们就用Photoshop里众所周知的自动全景功能来创作一张全新的图片。首先在进行拍摄的时候就要结合自由全     

教你做360°全景图

去过八达岭长城的朋友很多都看过那里的360度全景电影，登录过故宫博物院网站的朋友很多都看过紫禁城的360度全景图……这种360度全景的东西能够完整地展现物体的全貌。如果你对这类全景的东西感兴趣，不妨随笔者一起用3DVista Flash VT Exporter来制作一幅360度的全景图。     

360°服务保险

与欧美国家相比,国内保险行业的IT 技术应用尚处于分散和缺乏规范状态,客户数据的收集和分析尤显不足,客户服务水平参差不齐。如果说国内保险业目前还可凭借国内外保险体制和行业规范的差异保持微弱优势,那么一旦加入 WTO,国内保险业就必须与实力雄厚的国外同业对手在同一份市场展开争夺,考虑到国内保险业差强人意的客户服务水平,未来的竞争态势未免令人感到心虚气短。无形压力之下,信息技术在国内保险行业的应用推广格外迅速,客户信息的价值挖掘更成为空前热烈的话题。现在,国内大型保险公司纷纷建立了客户服务体系,中国人寿、太平洋保险、平