双向荷载作用下空间夹心节点受力性能试验研究

节点核心区采用同梁等强的低强度混凝土浇筑的夹心节点和采用同柱等强的高强度混凝土浇筑的传统节点相比,施工简单且易保证质量,但是我国规范对其规定过于简单,没有明确的验算方法。通过三组不同混凝土强度等级差的空间夹心节点和传统节点对比试件的双向低周往复性能试验研究,对比分析了二者破坏形式、延性、耗能、变形和承载力等方面的差异,结果表明:中低剪压比夹心节点的整体抗震性能稍弱于传统节点,但相差不明显;中低轴压比、剪压比条件下,当柱与梁混凝土强度等级之比小于1.5时,节点区可直接采用与梁相同强度等级的混凝土浇筑,当柱与梁混凝土强度等级之比大于1.5时,其破坏形式可转变为节点核心区剪切破坏,需采取相应的加强措施。最后在此基础上,给出了与试验结果吻合较好的夹心节点抗剪承载力计算公式。     

钢筋活性粉末混凝土框架节点抗震性能试验研究

活性粉末混凝土是一种具有超高强度、韧性和耐久性的水泥基复合材料,为了研究活性粉末混凝土框架节点的抗震性能,对4个活性粉末混凝土梁柱节点试件进行了低周反复荷载试验,研究了活性粉末混凝土梁柱节点的受剪破坏模式、承载力、滞回特性、延性、耗能、强度和刚度退化等抗震性能。结果表明:活性粉末混凝土框架节点具有较高的抗裂强度,节点区裂缝开展路径较多,多为细小裂缝,混凝土剥落较少,试件破坏时完整性较好;当达到最大荷载后,刚度退化和强度退化较为缓慢;节点的变形及耗能能力较强,试件破坏时的剪切变形为峰值荷载时变形的2.23~8.56倍,试件的平均等效黏滞阻尼系数为0.137,黏滞阻尼系数高于普通混凝土和高强混凝土节点。采用活性粉末混凝土可以改善框架节点的剪切延性和耗能能力等抗震性能,降低核心区箍筋率,便于施工。     

钢骨混凝土异形柱-钢梁节点抗震性能试验研究

为了研究钢骨混凝土异形柱-钢梁节点的抗震性能,进行了4个T形钢骨混凝土柱-钢梁节点和4个L形钢骨混凝土柱-钢梁节点的拟静力试验。试验考虑了混凝土强度等级、核心区配箍率和轴压比等参数的影响,对骨架曲线、承载力、核心区剪切变形、延性和耗能能力等抗震性能指标进行了分析。结果表明,在低周往复荷载作用下,钢骨混凝土异形柱-钢梁框架节点滞回曲线饱满,表现出良好的延性性能和耗能能力,典型破坏形态为节点核心区剪切斜压破坏和节点区焊缝失效破坏;高轴压力下节点具有较高的承载能力但延性性能降低;混凝土强度越高,节点承载能力越大,但延性性能越差;增大核心区配箍率对试件的延性和承载力有明显的提高,并能改善试件屈服后的耗能能力。     

T形配钢型钢混凝土柱-钢梁框架抗震性能研究

为研究T形配钢型钢混凝土柱-钢梁框架的抗震性能,进行了1榀3层2跨、缩尺比例为1∶3的框架试件拟静力试验,了解其破坏形态、滞回曲线和骨架曲线,分析了试件的延性、耗能能力、刚度和强度退化规律。基于纤维模型对框架试件进行了数值模拟,研究了结构抗震性能在不同轴压比、配钢率和混凝土强度下的变化规律。结果表明:在水平低周往复荷载作用下,试件出现"梁铰"破坏,具有良好的延性和耗能能力,满足"强柱弱梁,强剪弱弯,强节点弱构件"的抗震设计要求。轴压比对试件屈服后的性能影响较大,结构的承载力和延性随轴压比增大而有所降低,设计时需合理控制轴压比;配钢率主要影响初始刚度和极限承载力,结构的抗震性能随配钢率增大得到有效改善;结构的极限承载力随着混凝土强度增大而提高,但结构的延性会略有降低,设计时需合理考虑。研究成果可为该类结构的设计提供可靠的支撑。     

复合加固震损RC框架抗震性能试验研究

碳纤维布和角钢混合加固后能有效提高结构承载能力及延性,发挥二者材料性能各自优势。采用纤维布、纤维布加角钢及增设斜支撑3种方法对震损RC框架进行加固,开展低周往复加载的抗震性能试验研究,结果表明:采用纤维布加固后未能明显提高节点协调梁柱变形能力,梁端破坏严重,节点处纤维布随混凝土一起脱落,承载力未恢复到震损前承载力;复合加固后节点及柱脚均未发生明显破坏,实现了强节点弱构件的抗震设计原则,采用斜支撑加固后,能明显提高框架承载力及刚度,但发生锚栓失效,导致承载力快速降低,故应提高锚栓承载富余量;复合加固后试件承载能力明显提高,滞回曲线更饱满,累积耗能能力更强,经受循环加载次数明显增多,承载力降低系数减小,角钢提高了节点抗破坏能力,角钢与支撑配合使用更能明显提高试件刚度及承载力;综合考虑抗震性能、经济性、加固工艺,选用CFRP布与角钢复合加固工艺,能很好地实现对震损框架的加固。     

高强箍筋高强混凝土柱抗震性能研究

为研究高强箍筋高强混凝土柱的抗震性能,首先进行了6根配置高强箍筋的高强混凝土柱和3个普通强度混凝土柱(作为对比)抗震拟静力试验,并对其破坏形态、滞回曲线、延性及耗能指标以及抗剪强度等进行了对比分析。结果表明:高强混凝土试件与普通混凝土试件破坏过程相似,均呈弯剪破坏形态,采用高强混凝土可有效降低试件轴压比,对其延性和耗能能力有利。将国内外进行的高强箍筋高强混凝土柱抗剪承载力试验结果与美国ACI318规范、我国混凝土结构设计规范(GB50010-2002)的抗剪公式进行了对比,认为ACI规范及我国规范在计算高强箍筋高强混凝土柱抗剪承载力时均有不安全因素,宜在设计时注意。采用Mander建议的约束混凝土本构关系和纤维单元程序USC_RC仍可以对高强箍筋高强混凝土柱的受弯承载力进行较为准确的模拟分析。     

高强箍筋高强混凝土梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究高混凝土梁柱节点的抗震性能,进行了4个高强箍筋混凝土节点和1个普通箍筋混凝土节点的低周往复荷载加载试验,研究了高强混凝土节点的破坏形态、滞回特性、耗能能力、受剪性能及箍筋的应力水平,分析了箍筋强度、体积配箍率和箍筋形式对节点承载力、延性、耗能和剪切变形的影响。结果表明:高强箍筋节点的破坏过程与普通箍筋节点类似;提高箍筋屈服强度对节点的承载力提高效果有限,但可有效提高位移延性和耗能能力,同时限制了节点核心区的剪切变形;试件达到极限位移时,普通箍筋试件箍筋已屈服,复合高强箍筋试件箍筋强度发挥比较充分,表现出较好的抗震性能。     

钢筋混凝土柱地震剪切-粘结破坏试验研究

剪切-粘结破坏是钢筋混凝土结构的一种重要震害形式,为研究剪跨比在1.5-2.5之间钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,进行了16个试件的拟静力试验,对其破坏形态、延性及耗能能力、刚度退化、抗剪承载力等进行了对比分析.结果表明,试件以剪切及粘结破坏为主,可分为弯剪、剪切和粘结破坏三种类型,弯剪破坏试件表现出较好的延性和耗能能力,而粘...     

结构尺寸对方钢管混凝土短柱抗震性能影响的试验研究

为了研究在低周往复荷载作用下结构尺寸对方钢管混凝土短柱抗震性能的影响,对6根方钢管混凝土短柱开展了水平往复加载试验,分析了截面尺寸对柱破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线以及不同抗震性能指标(如刚度退化、耗能能力、延性等)的影响,阐明了不同截面尺寸对柱名义抗剪强度的影响规律和机制,研究结果表明：不同截面尺寸的试件破坏形态基本相同,表现为柱底部钢管鼓曲、核心混凝土被压碎的破坏形态;当截面尺寸由200 mm增至600 mm时,在不同加载方向上,方钢管混凝土短柱名义抗剪强度分别下降了63.1%(59.8%),表现出显著的尺寸效应;随着截面尺寸增大,相对名义刚度与平均耗能系数呈降低趋势;JIN等提出的考虑尺寸效应的抗剪强度公式计算值与试验值吻合良好,说明考虑尺寸效应的方钢管混凝土柱抗剪承载力计算公式能够较为准确的预测其抗剪承载力。     

新型钢桁架连梁的抗震性能试验研究

通过对8个钢组合桁架连梁的伪静力试验,初步了解了组合连梁的破坏特点、抗剪承载力、变形能力、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、耗能、刚度退化以及适宜采用的桁架形式等。试验结果表明：在地震作用下,设交叉腹杆桁架比无交叉腹杆的桁架连梁有更大的抗剪承载力、更好的延性和耗能能力;较小跨高比、较大刚度的试件表现出在承载能力方面具有相对优势;试验连梁试件根部节点采用预埋钢板或弦杆直接埋入这两种设计方案均可行,便于施工维修。钢桁架连梁具有抗震所需的高延性和良好塑性耗能能力     

Seismic performance and prediction equations of sandwich beam-column joints subjected to skew cyclic loads

To study the seismic performance of sandwich beam-column joints constructed with high strength concrete column and normal strength concrete floor system and joint regions, four specimens with different column to beam concrete strength ratios (α) were tested under skew cyclic loads. The performance indices of the specimens including the failure mode, ductility, energy dissipation were compared and analyzed. The results show that the failure modes of the sandwich joints are in form of joint shear failure after yielding of the beam, while the ductility coefficient is found to be greater than 3.0. Compared to the joints with low concrete strength ratios α, the specimen with a high concrete strength ratio α features larger deformation at the joint. Based on the softened strut-and-tie model, a set of shear strength prediction equations for the sandwich beam-column joint, taking into account the effects of the concrete strength ratio α, floor slabs and plastic region of beams, is proposed. Comparison of the present tests against the published literature confirms that the shear strength of the sandwich joints can be well predicted by the proposed model.     

PEC柱-异形钢梁框架中节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究PEC柱（partially encased concrete composite column）-型钢梁框架中节点破坏特征及抗震性能,完成了3个PEC柱-型钢梁中节点及1个钢框架梁柱中节点对比试件的低周往复加载试验。分析了试件中节点的破坏形态、滞回耗能、承载能力、延性性能、强度退化、刚度退化、节点域力学机理,研究了轴压比及梁截面变化对该类中节点抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明:PEC柱-型钢梁中节点滞回曲线呈纺锤形,具有钢框架节点的力学特性;型钢柱内部填充混凝土后试件初始刚度、承载力分别提升约40%、31.1%,且试件仍具有较好的延性性能及耗能能力;当轴压比试验值为0.25~0.35时,随着轴压比增加,试件承载力显著增加,延性性能有所下降,耗能能力则有所提升;试件均为梁弯曲破坏,损伤程度无明显变化。改变柱一侧梁的截面尺寸后,试件的承载能力、延性性能有一定提升,耗能能力、强度及刚度退化规律无明显影响,但PEC柱-变截面型钢梁中节点发生节点核心区剪切破坏,主要原因为改变柱一侧梁截面高度后,造成节点域输入剪力增大所致。按常规节点设计的变截面梁中节点不能满足"强节点弱构件"的抗震设计要求,在进行工程设计时应予以重视。     

钢管混凝土柱-双面组合作用梁框架节点抗震性能试验研究

为了研究钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁框架节点的抗震性能,设计了3个钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁十字形框架节点和1个普通钢-混凝土单面组合作用梁十字形框架节点,并对其进行低周往复加载试验,对比分析其破坏模式、极限承载力、初始刚度、耗能能力、延性、刚度退化等抗震性能指标;通过改变下部混凝土板厚度和传力方式,研究下部混凝土板不同厚度和不同传力方式对双面组合作用梁力学性能的影响。结果表明:与普通钢-混凝土单面组合作用梁框架节点相比,钢-混凝土双面组合作用梁十字形框架节点具有更高的承载力和刚度,适用于荷载较大的结构,但在延性、刚度退化和耗能能力等方面无明显优势;下部混凝土板采用集中传力和均匀传力的方式对双面组合作用梁抗震性能的影响无明显区别;下部混凝土板采用预制法制作和螺栓连接更加方便、可靠。     

Seismic retrofit of substandard beam-column joint by planar joint expansion

A seismic retrofit technique for existing reinforced concrete beam-column connections using planar joint expansion is proposed. The method is based on a two-dimensional expansion of beam-column joint using cast in-situ concrete and dowel bars. The method is economical and architecturally acceptable. Three half-scale sub-standard beam-column specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic loading. One was control specimen and the other two were retrofitted specimens with triangular and square joint expansion. According to test results, the control specimen showed brittle joint shear failure while retrofitted specimens showed beam flexural failure. The strength, stiffness, energy dissipation and ductility of retrofitted specimens were greatly improved. The planar joint expansion is effective to reduce joint shear stress and improve anchorage bond of beam bar within the joint. The plastic hinge formation can be moved away from column face, thus preventing joint shear failure. The triangular and square expansions perform almost equally well. The construction joints formed at the interfaces between specimen and joint expansion do not produce an adverse effect in cyclic behavior.     

A comparison of engineered cementitious composites versus normal concrete in beam-column joints under reversed cyclic loading

Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) are a class of high-performance fiber reinforced cementitious composite with strain hardening and multiple cracking properties. For a reinforced concrete member, substitution of conventional concrete with ECC can significantly improve the deformation characteristics in terms of reinforced composite tensile or shear strength and energy dissipation ability. In this paper, a number of RC/ECC composite beam-column joints have been tested under reversed cyclic loading to study the effect of substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone on the seismic behaviors of composite members. The experimental parameters include shear reinforcement ratio in the joint zone, axial load level on the column and substitution of concrete with ECC or not. According to the test results, for the specimens without shear reinforcement in the joint zone, substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone cannot change the brittle shear failure in the joint zone, but can significantly increase the load capacity and ductility of the beam-column joint specimens, as well as the energy dissipation ability due to high ductility and shear strength of ECC material. For the specimens with insufficient or proper shear reinforcement ratio, substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone can lead to failure mode change from brittle shear failure in the joint zone to a more ductile failure mode, i.e. flexural failure at the base of the beam, with increased load capacity, ductility and energy dissipation ability. Increase of axial load on column and shear reinforcement in the joint zone have little effect on seismic behaviors of the members when they failed by flexural failure at the base of beam. In a word, the substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone was experimentally proved to be an effective method to increase the seismic resistance of beam-column joint specimens.     

局部采用纤维增强混凝土梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究

为了提高梁柱节点受剪承载力、变形能力及耗能能力,同时避免节点钢筋拥挤而导致的施工困难,采用纤维增强混凝土(FRC)代替普通混凝土作为节点核心区基体材料,考虑轴压比和节点核心区配箍率的影响,进行了7个FRC梁柱节点和1个钢筋混凝土(RC)梁柱节点对比试件的拟静力试验,分析其破坏形态、承载力、变形能力、耗能能力、节点核心区剪应力-剪应变曲线和梁端塑性铰区弯矩-转角曲线。结果表明,在节点核心区主斜裂缝出现前,试件已具有很高的受剪承载力和变形能力;当轴压比试验值为0.07~0.28时,随着轴压比增大,FRC试件的受剪承载力、侧向变形能力、耗能能力及节点核心区的剪切强度和剪切变形能力增加;增加节点核心区配箍率,承载力退化有所减缓;FRC试件梁端塑性铰转动能力有较大提高。     

动力荷载下传统风格建筑双梁-柱节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究传统风格建筑混凝土双梁-柱节点的破坏特征及抗震性能,进行了2个节点试件的动力循环加载试验,包括一个典型传统风格建筑混凝土双梁-柱节点和一个单梁-柱节点.观察了节点试件的受力过程及破坏特征,研究了试件的荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载能力、刚度及承载力退化、延性和耗能能力,并对其破坏模式进行了分析.研究结果表明:...