一种高阶精度人工边界条件:出平面外域波动问题

针对无限外域中的出平面波动问题,提出一种用于近场波动有限元分析的高阶精度人工边界条件。首先,采用变量分离法求解远场初边值问题,建立了时空全局的精确动力刚度人工边界条件;然后,发展了一种由有理函数近似和辅助变量实现构成的时间局部化方法,并将其应用于动力刚度人工边界条件,得到时间局部的高阶精度人工边界条件;最后,沿人工边界离散高阶精度人工边界条件,并将其与近场集中质量有限元方程耦合,形成对称的时间二阶常微分方程组,采用一种新的显式时间积分方法进行求解。数值算例表明:提出的高阶精度人工边界条件精确、高效、稳定并且容易在现有的有限元代码中实现。     

地震作用下水-轴对称柱体相互作用的子结构分析方法

针对水-轴对称柱体动力相互作用问题,提出了一种地震作用下水-结构相互作用的时域子结构分析方法.基于三维不可压缩水体的波动方程和边界条件,利用分离变量法将其转换为环向解析、竖向和径向数值的二维模型;基于比例边界有限元推导了截断边界处无限域水体的动力刚度方程,并将水体内域有限元方程和人工边界处的动水压力进行耦合,从而得到结...     

中厚椭球壳自由振动动力刚度法分析

介绍精确动力刚度法分析中厚椭球壳自由振动具体实施方法,据环向波数不同将中厚椭球壳自由振动分解为一系列确定环向波数的一维振动;利用控制方程Hamilton形式建立动力刚度关系,用常微分方程求解器COLSYS求解控制方程获得单元动力刚度,用Wittrick-Williams算法求得该环向波数下椭球壳自振频率。数值算例给出中厚圆球壳及椭球壳不同边界条件的自振频率,验证动力刚度法高效、可靠、精确。     

覆冰导线舞动数值解及影响因素分析

针对覆冰导线大幅度舞动问题,考虑其几何非线性,采用抛物线形函数三节点等参单元建立了导线有限元模型,将绝缘子及相邻跨导线的刚度贡献等效为弹簧单元,同时考虑了来流风载中的脉动成份,运用谐波叠加法对其进行模拟。采用Newmark-β时间积分方法及时间步内Newton-Raphson迭代来求解舞动非线性动力方程,得到了较为精确的覆冰导线舞动时域解,分析了风速、张拉力、湍流以及不同边界条件假定对舞动的影响。     

轴向变速运动弯曲梁的固有频率分析

基于动力刚度矩阵法对轴向变速运动弯曲梁的固有频率进行分析,根据Hamilton原理,推导轴向变速运动弯曲梁的时域控制方程和边界条件,通过傅里叶变换得到频域控制方程和边界条件,求解频域控制方程,并结合位移边界条件和载荷边界条件,建立轴向变速运动弯曲梁的动力刚度矩阵模型;引入Hermite形式的形函数,建立了轴向变速运动弯曲梁的有限元模型。算例中,通过对比现有文献中的结果、有限元模型结果和动力刚度矩阵法模型结果,验证了该文所建立的力学模型,动力刚度矩阵法比有限元法具有更高的精度和效率,分析了轴向变速运动弯曲梁固有频率随着弯曲梁轴向运动速度、加速度、轴向受力、边界条件的变化规律。     

竖向成层介质中标量波传播问题的高精度人工边界条件

为了实现含竖向成层介质以及表面不规则地形场地中标量波传播问题的高效且高精度求解,该文基于连分式展开和扩展的一致边界,建立了一种频域下折线形高精度人工边界条件。通过在每个竖向地层内引入独立的斜角坐标变换,新的人工边界条件可以用于多起伏地表地形条件。新的折线形人工边界在频域下推导,仅含有连分式阶数一个待定实参数,用于调整计算精度,该参数不随外行波的频率和传播角度改变。人工边界条件可以与内域有限元方程无缝耦合,应用简单方便。由于新边界条件的高精度,内域尺寸可以取较小甚至可以直接将人工边界加在结构周围或者地表,从而极大提高计算效率。通过典型数值算例,将人工边界计算模型与有限元大模型的解进行了对比分析,验证了该文提出的折线形人工边界条件的有效性和高精度。     

轴对称结构动力弹塑性分析的无网格自然邻接点Petrov-Galerkin法

将无网格自然邻接点Petrov-Galerkin法与预校正形式的Newmark法相结合,建立了一种轴对称结构动力弹塑性分析的新方法。由于几何形状和边界条件的轴对称特点,三维的轴对称问题可转化为二维问题。此外,计算时仅需要轴对称面上的一组离散节点,有效地避免了复杂的网格划分和网格畸变的影响。在轴对称面上的局部多边形子域上采用局部加权余量法推导了轴对称结构动力弹塑性分析的离散化控制方程,并采用预校正形式的Newmark法在时间域上进行求解。为了克服本质边界条件不能直接施加的缺点,试函数采用自然邻接点插值进行构造。数值算例结果表明,该研究所提出的轴对称结构动力弹塑性分析方法是行之有效的。     

局部褶皱对层状地基马蹄形孔洞散射的影响分析

水平岩层在构造作用下会产生局部褶皱,研究褶皱对层状地基马蹄形孔洞散射的影响,对地表结构地震安全性评价具有重要意义。基于子结构法建立了复杂场地散射问题的控制方程,将地震波散射问题的求解转化具有规则边界条件的层状地基(自由场)的动力刚度和波动响应的求解。通过Fourier变换和引入对偶变量,将波动方程转化为一阶常微分方程,采用精细积分算法对土层可实现高效合并,施加边界条件可得到内部节点的格林函数,进一步得到动力刚度。同时,采用精细积分算法代替原传递矩阵法的层间合并,可得到层状自由场的波动响应。这种改进传递矩阵法对土层厚度和层数没有任何限制。通过与文献中的结果对比,验证了方法的正确性,并分析了局部褶皱对层状地基中马蹄形孔洞散射场的影响。结果表明:局部褶皱对地表位移幅值的影响与入射波类型、入射波频率以及局部褶皱几何构造等因素均有关系;地表位移峰值受马蹄形孔洞和局部褶皱共同作用的影响,其影响特性与入射波类型无明显关系。     

Bernoulli-Euler梁横向振动固有频率的轴力影响系数

给出了考虑轴力对于Bernoulli-Euler梁横向振动固有频率影响系数的高精度表达式。与动力刚度法推导等截面梁自由振动分析的动态刚度阵不同,首先获得承受常轴力的Bernoulli-Euler梁横向自由振动微分方程的通解,并通过位移边界条件消去待定常数,得到精确形函数;使用有限元方法,建立了使用精确形函数表达等截面Bernoulli-Euler梁动态刚度阵的微分格式,该微分格式精确刚度阵与动力刚度法得到的刚度阵完全一致。仿照Timoshenko对压弯梁静态挠度表达中取用轴力影响因子的方法,提出了Bernoulli-Euler梁横向振动固有频率的轴力影响系数表达式,结合Wittrick-Williams算法和动态刚度阵证明了当轴力在±0.5倍第1阶欧拉临界力之间变化时,轴力影响系数表达式最大误差不超过2%,且随固有频率阶次的提高,误差越来越小。     

二阶拟线性双曲型方程的精确边界能控性

本文以二阶拟线性双曲型方程混合初边值问题的半整体C~2解理论为基础,针对一般的二阶拟线性双曲型方程的特征根在平衡态附近的不同分布情况,分别提出了相应的一般边界条件,并采用直接构造的方法,对特征根均不为零的情况,建立了完整的局部精确边界能控性理论;对一特征根为零的情况,对一类特殊的方程建立了其精确边界能控的充分必要条件,并分别对相应的控制时间给出了估计.     

Explicit finite element artificial boundary scheme for transient scalar waves in two‐dimensional unbounded waveguide

To simulate the transient scalar wave propagation in a two‐dimensional unbounded waveguide, an explicit finite element artificial boundary scheme is proposed, which couples the standard dynamic finite element method for complex near field and a high‐order accurate artificial boundary condition (ABC) for simple far field. An exact dynamic‐stiffness ABC that is global in space and time is constructed. A temporal localization method is developed, which consists of the rational function approximation in the frequency domain and the auxiliary variable realization into time domain. This method is applied to the dynamic‐stiffness ABC to result in a high‐order accurate ABC that is local in time but global in space. By discretizing the high‐order accurate ABC along artificial boundary and coupling the result with the standard lumped‐mass finite element equation of near field, a coupled dynamic equation is obtained, which is a symmetric system of purely second‐order ordinary differential equations in time with the diagonal mass and non‐diagonal damping matrices. A new explicit time integration algorithm in structural dynamics is used to solve this equation. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Accurate H-shaped absorbing boundary condition in frequency domain for scalar wave propagation in layered half-space

An accurate absorbing boundary condition (ABC) is developed in frequency domain for finite element analysis of scalar wave propagation in unbounded layered half-space. The proposed ABC is H-shaped line that consists of two parts: a new ABC at horizontal bottom boundary of finite domain to replace semiinfinite strip below horizontal boundary and between two vertical boundaries, and a general consistent ABC at vertical lateral boundary to replace semiinfinite layered half-space outside vertical boundary. The key point for constructing the ABC is that a new continued fraction (CF) is presented to expand dynamic stiffness of underlying half-space, and the CF-based stress-displacement relationship is then transformed into an auxiliary variable system with square of horizontal wavenumber. The ABC has only one undetermined real parameter that is the CF-order independent of frequency and incidence angle of propagating outgoing waves. The parameter can be chosen relatively small value to achieve an accurate ABC. Moreover, the ABC can couple seamlessly with finite element method of finite domain. The finite domain can be chosen very small size due to high accuracy of the ABC. Numerical examples are finally given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ABC.     

Numerical operational methods for time-dependent linear problems

A general and systematic discussion on the use of the operational method of Laplace transform for numerically solving complex time-dependent linear problems is presented. Application of Laplace transform with respect to time on the governing differential equations as well as the boundary and initial conditions of the problem reduces it to one independent of time, which is solved in the transform domain by any convenient numerical technique, such as the finite element method, the finite difference method or the boundary integral equation method. Finally, the time domain solution is obtained by a numerical inversion of the transformed solution. Eight existing methods of numerical inversion of the Laplace transform are systematically discussed with respect to their use, range of applicability, accuracy and computational efficiency on the basis of some framework vibration problems. Other applications of the Laplace transform method in conjunction with the finite element method or the boundary integral equation method in the areas of earthquake dynamic response of frameworks, thermaliy induced beam vibrations, forced vibrations of cylindrical shells, dynamic stress concentrations around holes in plates and viscoelastic stress analysis are also briefly described to demonstrate the generality and advantages of the method against other known methods.     

A SPACE–TIME FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE EXTERIOR STRUCTURAL ACOUSTICS PROBLEM: TIME-DEPENDENT RADIATION BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN TWO SPACE DIMENSIONS

A time-discontinuous Galerkin space–time finite element method is formulated for the exterior structural acoustics problem in two space dimensions. The problem is posed over a bounded computational domain with local time-dependent radiation (absorbing) boundary conditions applied to the fluid truncation boundary. Absorbing boundary conditions are incorporated as ‘natural’ boundary conditions in the space–time variational equation, i.e. they are enforced weakly in both space and time. Following Bayliss and Turkel, time-dependent radiation boundary conditions for the two-dimensional wave equation are developed from an asymptotic approximation to the exact solution in the frequency domain expressed in negative powers of a non-dimensional wavenumber. In this paper, we undertake a brief development of the time-dependent radiation boundary conditions, establishing their relationship to the exact impedance (Dirichlet-to-Neumann map) for the acoustic fluid, and characterize their accuracy when implemented in our space–time finite element formulation for transient structural acoustics. Stability estimates are reported together with an analysis of the positive form of the matrix problem emanating from the space–time variational equations for the coupled fluid-structure system. Several numerical simulations of transient radiation and scattering in two space dimensions are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the space–time method.     

Dynamic response of shear-deformable axisymmetric orthotropic circular plate structures solved by the DQEM and EDQ based time integration schemes

The dynamic response of shear-deformable axisymmetric orthotropic circular plate structures is solved by using the DQEM to the spacial discretization and EDQ to the temporal discretization. In the DQEM discretization, DQ is used to define the discrete element model. Discrete dynamic equilibrium equations defined at interior nodes in all elements, transition conditions defined on the inter-element boundary of two adjacent elements and boundary conditions at the structural boundary form a dynamic equation system at a specified time stage. The dynamic equilibrium equation system is solved by the direct time integration schemes of time-element by time-element method and stages by stages method which are developed by using EDQ and DQ. Numerical results obtained by the developed numerical algorithms are presented. They demonstrate the developed numerical solution procedure.     

A time‐dependent formulation of dual boundary element method for 3D dynamic crack problems

In this paper, the dual boundary element method in time domain is developed for three‐dimensional dynamic crack problems. The boundary integral equations for displacement and traction in time domain are presented. By using the displacement equation and traction equation on crack surfaces, the discontinuity displacement on the crack can be determined. The integral equations are solved numerically by a time‐stepping technique with quadratic boundary elements. The dynamic stress intensity factors are calculated from the crack opening displacement. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of this method. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd     

分析不同材料界面应力奇异性的一维杂交有限元方法

该文提出了一种计算效率较高的分析不同材料界面应力奇异性的一维杂交有限元方法。为了推导该方法,首先列出了用于求解不同材料界面裂纹奇异应力场特征解的基本方程和边界条件,然后利用加权残量方法(weighted residual method),得到上述基本方程和边界条件的弱形式,该弱形式的基本变量为位移和应力。运用Galerkin有限元方法的思想及上述弱形式,最后得到了一个一维杂交有限元方法,该一维杂交有限元方法只需对扇形区域在角度方向上离散,其总体方程为一个二次特征矩阵方程。数值算例表明:该方法可以准确而高效地计算不同材料界面奇异应力场的特征解。     

Obstacle identification using the TRAC algorithm with a second-order ABC

We consider obstacle identification using wave propagation. In such problems, one wants to find the location, shape, and size of an unknown obstacle from given measurements. We propose an algorithm for the identification task based on a time-reversed absorbing condition (TRAC) technique. Here, we apply the TRAC method to time-dependent linear acoustics, although our methodology can be applied to other wave-related problems as well, such as elastodynamics. There are two main contributions of our identification algorithm. The first contribution is the development of a robust and effective method for obstacle identification. While the original paper presented criteria for accepting or rejecting regions that enclose the obstacle, we use these criteria to develop an algorithm that automatically identifies the location of the obstacle. The second contribution is the utilization of an improved absorbing boundary condition (ABC) for the identification. We use the second-order Engquist-Majda ABC, and we implement it with a finite element scheme. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the second-order Engquist-Majda ABC is employed with the finite element method, as this boundary condition does not naturally fit in finite element schemes in its original form. Numerical experiments for the algorithms are presented.