泉州市防震减灾信息管理与辅助决策系统我国城市防震减灾工程及其发展介绍

泉州市防震减灾信息管理与辅助决策系统是目前我国城市防震减灾信息量最大、综合性最强、涉及面最广的系统,其中地震地质灾害区划、次生灾害和减灾对策以及辅助决策几方面是首次在GIS中实现,该系统代表了我国城市防震减灾信息管理和辅助决策系统未来的发展和应用方向.     

基于GIS的城市道路改造决策辅助系统设计与开发

基于哈尔滨市道路改造决策辅助的需求,在探讨道路多元数据融合、辅助决策模块设计的基础上,设计开发了基于GIS的城市道路改造决策辅助系统,详细阐述了在软件开发中使用的关键技术.     

溢油污染事故后渔业生产恢复辅助决策系统研究

为解决溢油应急处置后海水中多环芳烃等石油污染残留物对水生生物产生影响等一系列问题,研究了溢油污染事故发生后渔业生产恢复辅助决策的相关因素,提出了基于模型库的溢油污染事故后续生产恢复辅助决策方案,给出了溢油渔业生产恢复辅助决策算法,建立了溢油生产恢复辅助决策系统。结果表明:该系统可在溢油污染应急处置后,按照渔业生产水质标准的要求,确定合适的修复方案,从而辅助渔业生产恢复工作;用仿真数据对系统进行的测试结果表明,该系统能够满足海洋渔业管理部门在溢油事故发生后进行渔业生产恢复辅助决策的需要。     

溢油污染事故后渔业生产恢复辅助决策系统研究

为解决溢油应急处置后海水中多环芳烃等石油污染残留物对水生生物产生影响等一系列问题,研究了溢油污染事故发生后渔业生产恢复辅助决策的相关因素,提出了基于模型库的溢油污染事故后续生产恢复辅助决策方案,给出了溢油渔业生产恢复辅助决策算法,建立了溢油生产恢复辅助决策系统。结果表明:该系统可在溢油污染应急处置后,按照渔业生产水质标准的要求,确定合适的修复方案,从而辅助渔业生产恢复工作;用仿真数据对系统进行的测试结果表明,该系统能够满足海洋渔业管理部门在溢油事故发生后进行渔业生产恢复辅助决策的需要。     

拉萨市郊地质灾害预测及防治辅助决策

拉萨市郊区的自然环境和地质环境较为脆弱,在雨量充沛的6~9月易形成崩塌、滑坡和泥石流等地质灾害。为了对地质灾害进行有效的预测和防治辅助决策,根据野外调查资料,结合模糊数学、小波人工神经网络和灰色决策等理论进行降雨量预测、危险性计算以及防治辅助决策,并运用Java SE Development Kit 8平台开发了地质灾害预测及防治辅助决策系统。     

拉萨市郊地质灾害预测及防治辅助决策

拉萨市郊区的自然环境和地质环境较为脆弱,在雨量充沛的6⁹月易形成崩塌、滑坡和泥石流等地质灾害。为了对地质灾害进行有效的预测和防治辅助决策,根据野外调查资料,结合模糊数学、小波人工神经网络和灰色决策等理论进行降雨量预测、危险性计算以及防治辅助决策,并运用Java SE Development Kit 8平台开发了地质灾害预测及防治辅助决策系统。     

北仑区规划一张图辅助决策系统的设计与实现

首先分析总结宁波市北仑区规划一张图辅助决策系统建设的主要原理和技术,提出系统的总体框架结构,设计规划一体化空间数据库。基于北仑区规划一张图辅助决策系统总体框架结合GIS技术,实现城乡规划相关数据的集成共享,实时跟踪重点项目建设情况,辅助领导规划决策,协同规划业务办公。     

A港区海上溢油事故数值模拟预测

自动驾驶技术主要依赖于传感器探测周边障碍物、交通标识标牌等实现辅助驾驶控制,对数据实时性、准确性等要求较高、计算量大、可靠性不高,为此,本文提出使用高精度导航地图对自动驾驶辅助决策.利用移动测量系统采集道路网数据,制作高精度导航地图.使用测试车惯导和实时差分定位数据计算车辆范围.使用空间查询,实时查询车辆缓冲区范围内的地图要素.利用空间分析方法及时纠正车辆行驶方向以及提供辅助决策信息.实验结果表明,采用高精度导航地图辅助决策能减少决策系统数据量和计算量,提高可靠性.     

基于GIS的大型储备油库事故应急救援决策系统

设计开发基于GIS的大型储备油库事故应急救援辅助决策系统。系统包括四个模块:基础信息模块、风险管理模块、地理信息模块、事故应急辅助决策模块。系统能够根据事故现场信息对事故后果、事故演化趋势进行预测,根据预测结果调用应急资源信息数据库、地理信息数据库、消防力量需求模型等生成应急辅助决策方案。介绍数据库设计、系统架构设计,以及事故检测预警功能和应急辅助决策功能的实现。该系统科学高效,能够有效提高事故应急救援能力。     

应急预案建设关键因素及实现路径研究

针对当前应急预案存在的现实问题,将加强预案管理的制度化和法律化、预案功能的符合性和拓展性作为应急预案建设的发展方向。相对应,在实践层面,应急预案建设的关键因素主要是预案的演练及对演练的评估、预案的稳定更新、预案的辅助决策功能等。介绍应急预案演练应注意的问题,以及应如何确定预案评估的指标。详细说明预案评审的不同类型及如何修订完善预案。总结预案的辅助决策功能及如何加强预案辅助决策系统建设。     

基于GIS的管网事故状态调度决策系统

结合我国城市供水运行管理现状，将计算机技术、信息技术和决策支持系统理论引入城市供水运行优化调度中，建立了基于GIS的供水管网事故状态决策支持系统，详述了其结构与功能。     

Decision support software approach to the assessment of stone masonry bridges

This paper identifies the need for a formalized approach to the assessment of the integrity of stone masonry bridges and develops the concept of the use of a computer database and suitable software to support the practising bridge engineer in the decision-making process (decision support software, DSS).

The different standard techniques of assessment of masonry bridges are outlined and their limitations described. The common faults associated with masonry structures are discussed and the problems of identifying these faults are described. The part played by the individual components of a masonry arch bridge is outlined and the significance of faults on the individual components of the structure is discussed.

Database development and operation of the DSS are detailed and their value to the bridge engineer is discussed. The system is illustrated with a demonstration run.     

Decision support system on IBM PC for design of economic steel structures applied to crane girders

A decision support system (DSS) was developed on a personal computer for the economic design of steel structures. The DSS contains six various-type single-criterion and seven multicriteria optimization methods. The economic design of the asymmetric main box girders of overhead travelling cranes was realized by considering four objective functions and sixteen nonlinear inequality constraints according to BS 2573 and BS 5400. Constraints on static and fatigue stress, on local buckling of flange and web plates, as well as on static deflection, are considered. Numerical computations show the effects of material, welding, surface preparation and total cost on each other. Use of higher strength steel may result in savings on the cost of materials, depending on the cost factor employed.     

燃气输配调度决策支持系统的设计

建立为管理者提供决策支持服务的决策支持系统（DSS）是燃气输配调度系统优化的一个关键问题。提出了燃气输配调度决策支持系统的设计方法,论述了该DSS的系统目标、调度策略、数据结构、预测模型以及算法。     

面向综合勘探方法决策支持的数据库技术

着重介绍了开发铁路地质综合勘探方法决策支持系统（RGDSS）所进行的有关数据库的开发与应用情况。通过决策支持技术与数据库技术的分析，认识到数据库技术在决策支持系统开发中的重要性，从而进行了面向综合地质勘探方法决策支持需求的工程实例等数据库的开发。开发结果表明，这种全新的用面向功能的数据库管理系统开发来研制决策支持系统的做法是可行的。     

Decision support system for emergency management: Road tunnels

Recent disasters have shown that road tunnels are especially complex environments for decision making. A fast and effective response to emergencies in road tunnels is a key factor for life safety. This paper presents a decision support system (DSS) for emergency management in road tunnels. Based on a specific methodology, the system provides the operator with decision recommendations to deal with the emergency in real time. Furthermore, the system uses predictive tools to estimate the severity of the accident or incident, as well as rescue and evacuation times. This information is very useful during the first stages of an emergency when information is scarce, incomplete and inaccurate, yet the tunnel operator is required to make the right decisions under a high level of stress. The DSS reduces the decision circle and allows the operator to make critical decisions based on dynamic alternatives. The system has been tested in various hypothetical emergency cases based on the Tunnel of Lantueno in the A-67 Highway, Spain. The application cases show that the DSS provides reasonable and consistent results.     

Multicriteria DSS for River Water–Quality Planning

A decision support system (DSS) devoted to water–quality planning is described. The DSS is based on a graphic multiple–criteria technique called generalized reachable sets (GRS) method, which provides experts and decision makers with objective tradeoff curves among cost and pollution criteria. The information improves their understanding of the problem and helps to identify wastewater treatment strategies that provide reasonable balance between cost and pollution. These strategies are starting points for further negotiation between governmental agencies, private and state–owned enterprises, and regional and local authorities involved in wastewater treatment. The DSS is implemented on personal computers.     

Multi-criteria decision analysis for infrastructure privatisation using conflict resolution

A decision support system (DSS) is introduced for evaluating and comparing a wide range of privatisation schemes for infrastructure facilities. The methodology identifies the preferences of the main stakeholders involved, along with all the environmental, political, technical and economic criteria that need to be considered in privatisation decisions. A DSS is then developed and tested on a case study involving the privatisation of a wastewater project. The system provides decision support through three steps: (1) screening of infeasible decisions using the elimination method of multiple criteria decision analysis; (2) determining the most stable decision by analysing the actions and counteractions of the stakeholders using conflict resolution and stability analysis; and (3) evaluating the robustness of decisions under varying levels of uncertainty using information gap theory. The DSS is useful for practitioners involved in infrastructure privatisation decisions for a variety of infrastructure systems such as transportation, water and energy.     

苏州河综合整治决策系统的模型系统开发

为了对苏州河综合整治三期工程实施后的效果进行论证,开发了用于苏州河综合整治的决策支持系统(decision support system,DSS).作为核心组件的模型系统集成了水动力模型和水质模型,具有新建和管理工程案例、工程案例计算、结果展示、工程案例分析等功能.应用该模型对水系截污、治污工程以及上游郊区污水处理厂配套管网工程和苏州河底泥疏浚工程等进行了模拟和分析,为科学决策提供了支持.     

Application of data warehouse and Decision Support System in construction management

How to provide construction managers with information about and insight into the existing data, so as to make decision more efficiently without interrupting the daily work of an On-Line Transaction Processing (OLTP) system is a problem during the construction management process. To solve this problem, the integration of a data warehouse and a Decision Support System (DSS) seems to be efficient. ‘Data warehouse’ technology is a new database discipline, which has not yet been applied to construction management. Hence, it is worthwhile to experiment in this particular field in order to gauge the full scope of its capability. First reviewed in this paper are the concepts of the data warehouse, On-Line Analysis Processing (OLAP) and DSS. The method of creating a data warehouse is then shown, changing the data in the data warehouse into a multidimensional data cube and integrating the data warehouse with a DSS. Finally, an application example is given to illustrate the use of the Construction Management Decision Support System (CMDSS) developed in this study. Integration of a data warehouse and a DSS enable the right data to be tracked down and provide the required information in a direct, rapid and meaningful way. Construction managers can view data from various perspectives with significantly reduced query time, thus making decisions faster and more comprehensive. The applications of a data warehousing integrated with a DSS in construction management practice are seen to have considerable potential.