一种新型高精度线性压电激励器的研制

报道了一种新型压电线性激励器，设计出它的结构，完成了器件制作。设计测试系统对其性能进行测试。器件的线性步进位移特性明显，具有步进模式和连续线性位移模式。行程可达几个厘米、位移分辨率为0．1μm、运行速度可达0．6mm/s。激励器结构简单，控制方便，适于研制闭环控制高精度定位系统。     

新型压电单振子移动机构的试验研究

提出通过改变压电移动机构和接触面之间正压力的方法,改变机构不同方向的摩擦力,使机构沿规定方向运动的惯性冲击式压电移动机构的工作机理,设计并研制了试验装置,并进行了试验研究,试验表明,机构在方波这种对称信号的激励下就能够实现可控的正向直线运动。     

直线型压电液压步进驱动器的研究

采用纯净水为媒介,在初始加载压力0.04 MPa(最佳加载压力)时研究了不同外界负载时压电驱动器的输出规律。结果表明,加载后驱动器的输出速度规律发生变化,输出推力整体趋势不变。随着负载增加,输出速度和推力逐渐降低。空载时,驱动器在频率350 Hz有最大输出速度(为25.83 mm/s);负载5 N时,驱动器在400Hz达到最大输出速度(为16.59mm/s)。在频率140~260 Hz时,驱动器负载后的输出步长近似于直线。加载压力0/0.04 MPa时,驱动器的最大承载值是30N;加载压力0.3 MPa时,驱动器的最大承载值是20N。最大承载值随加载压力的增加而逐渐减小。存在最佳负载使驱动器输出功率达到最大;适当加载压力可提高驱动器的最佳负载值。驱动器的最大输出功率在91mW以上。     

压电直线驱动器

采用电磁与压电相结合的方式给出了一种直线驱动器,详细介绍了该驱动器的结构与工作原理,并对其牵引力进行了估算与分析;比较了几种典型的驱动器控制信号波形,并选择一种较为合理的波形进行了驱动器性能试验,试验结果表明该驱动器能够可靠地实现双向运动,具有行程大,精度高,易于控制等特点,可用于微定位、微驱动等领域。     

The MIMO ARQ Channel: Diversity–Multiplexing–Delay Tradeoff

In this paper, the fundamental performance tradeoff of the delay-limited multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) automatic retransmission request (ARQ) channel is explored. In particular, we extend the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff investigated by Zheng and Tse in standard delay-limited MIMO channels with coherent detection to the ARQ scenario. We establish the three-dimensional tradeoff between reliability (i.e., diversity), throughput (i.e., multiplexing gain), and delay (i.e., maximum number of retransmissions). This tradeoff quantifies the ARQ diversity gain obtained by leveraging the retransmission delay to enhance the reliability for a given multiplexing gain. Interestingly, ARQ diversity appears even in long-term static channels where all the retransmissions take place in the same channel state. Furthermore, by relaxing the input power constraint allowing variable power levels in different retransmissions, we show that power control can be used to dramatically increase the diversity advantage. Our analysis reveals some important insights on the benefits of ARQ in slow-fading MIMO channels. In particular, we show that 1) allowing for a sufficiently large retransmission delay results in an almost flat diversity-multiplexing tradeoff, and hence, renders operating at high multiplexing gain more advantageous; 2) MIMO ARQ channels quickly approach the ergodic limit when power control is employed. Finally, we complement our information-theoretic analysis with an incremental redundancy lattice space-time (IR-LAST) coding scheme which is shown, through a random coding argument, to achieve the optimal tradeoff(s). An integral component of the optimal IR-LAST coding scheme is a list decoder, based on the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) lattice decoding principle, for joint error detection and correction. Throughout the paper, our theoretical claims are validated by numerical results     

Explicit Space–Time Codes Achieving the Diversity–Multiplexing Gain Tradeoff

A recent result of Zheng and Tse states that over a quasi-static channel, there exists a fundamental tradeoff, referred to as the diversity-multiplexing gain (D-MG) tradeoff, between the spatial multiplexing gain and the diversity gain that can be simultaneously achieved by a space-time (ST) code. This tradeoff is precisely known in the case of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading, for Tgesn_t+n_r-1 where T is the number of time slots over which coding takes place and n_t,n_r are the number of transmit and receive antennas, respectively. For Tt+n_r-1, only upper and lower bounds on the D-MG tradeoff are available. In this paper, we present a complete solution to the problem of explicitly constructing D-MG optimal ST codes, i.e., codes that achieve the D-MG tradeoff for any number of receive antennas. We do this by showing that for the square minimum-delay case when T=n_t=n, cyclic-division-algebra (CDA)-based ST codes having the nonvanishing determinant property are D-MG optimal. While constructions of such codes were previously known for restricted values of n, we provide here a construction for such codes that is valid for all n. For the rectangular, T>n_t case, we present two general techniques for building D-MG-optimal rectangular ST codes from their square counterparts. A byproduct of our results establishes that the D-MG tradeoff for all Tgesn_t is the same as that previously known to hold for Tgesn_t+n _r-1     

On the Stopping Redundancy of Reed–Muller Codes

The stopping redundancy of the code is an important parameter which arises from analyzing the performance of a linear code under iterative decoding on a binary erasure channel. In this paper, we will consider the stopping redundancy of Reed-Muller codes and related codes. Let R(lscr,m) be the Reed-Muller code of length 2^m and order lscr. Schwartz and Vardy gave a recursive construction of parity-check matrices for the Reed-Muller codes, and asked whether the number of rows in those parity-check matrices is the stopping redundancy of the codes. We prove that the stopping redundancy of R(m-2,m), which is also the extended Hamming code of length 2^m, is 2m-1 and thus show that the recursive bound is tight in this case. We prove that the stopping redundancy of the simplex code equals its redundancy. Several constructions of codes for which the stopping redundancy equals the redundancy are discussed. We prove an upper bound on the stopping redundancy of R(1,m). This bound is better than the known recursive bound and thus gives a negative answer to the question of Schwartz and Vardy     

Fast Wavelength Switching Lasers Using Two-Section Slotted Fabry–PÉrot Structures

Fast wavelength switching of a two-section slotted Fabry–PÉrot laser structure is presented. The slot design enables operation at five discrete wavelength channels spaced by 10 nm by tuning one section of the device. These wavelengths operate with sidemode suppression ratio in excess of 35 dB, and switching times between these channels of approximately 1 ns are demonstrated.     

双作动板驱动的压电宏微直线作动器研究

针对单板式压电作动器动力小、速度低等问题,为丰富宏微直线作动器形式,该文提出基于双作动板式定子的压电直线作动器。选定双作动板的一阶纵振和二阶弯振为作动器工作模态,利用纵振驱使动子滑移,借助弯振实现驱动足与动子的动态接触与分离。阐释了双作动板推动动子前移的过程,推导出驱动足的椭圆轨迹方程及椭圆形成条件。优化出定子结构尺寸为45.3 mm×11.2 mm×6 mm,实现了两工作模态的简并。建立了定子机电耦合分析模型,解算出两相工作模态的振型,求得两相模态频率分别为34 994 Hz和34 998 Hz,模拟出驱动足的椭圆行进轨迹,求得定子的调压及调频振动特性。测试表明,当驱动电压的幅值和频率为250 V、34 938 Hz 时,驱动足的x、z向振幅分别达1.34 μm和2.73 μm,足以推动动子移进。设计了双板式作动器的装配结构,建立了其三维装配模型。该作动器有望输出较大动力与速度,具有广阔的应用前景。     

新型压电叠堆式步进直线精密驱动器设计

提出了以压电叠堆作为驱动源的新型步进直线精密驱动器,分析了步进直线驱动器的工作原理,设计步进直线驱动器结构及其控制电压波形。为减少驱动器部件间摩擦,构建了滚动直线滑轨与驱动器结合的结构模型。制作了步进直线精密驱动器样机,并对样机进行实验测试,实验结果表明,驱动器的最小步距为0.05 μm,最高运行速度为610 μm/s,且运动性能稳定。     

压电双晶片阵列式直线驱动器的设计与研究

基于压电双晶片提出一种新型准静态直线压电驱动器,可通过阵列的方式获得所需机械输出力,结构简单,性能稳定,可控性强。利用有限元软件对驱动器结构进行设计与分析,并加工制造了该驱动器的物理样机。最后通过实验发现,当驱动频率为500~2 100Hz时,驱动器可直接输出直线运动。当驱动频率为1 100Hz,驱动电压峰-峰值为200V,预紧力为1.5N时,该驱动器最大输出速度可达95mm/s,最大输出力为0.7N。     

精密直线压电驱动器的设计与研究

针对现有直线驱动器精度及输出位移受限等问题,该文基于改进的尺蠖原理,以压电陶瓷堆为动力源设计了一种新型精密直线驱动器。首先介绍该驱动器的结构原理、运行过程及实现方式,然后对该驱动器所用压电陶瓷的特性进行分析,并采用ANSYS对主要部件进行有限元分析。本驱动器采用特有柔性铰链结构和柔性箝位片设计结构,可实现双向移动和输出位移不受限,有效弥补了现有驱动器的一些不足,实用价值较高,有望在微驱动领域推广与应用。     

压电型步进式精密直线驱动器的试验研究

利用压电陶瓷的逆压电效应,基于步进运动原理和误差补偿技术设计了一种高精度定位的大行程精密直线驱动器,制作了样机,进行了静态特性和幅频特性测试以及运动性能试验,给出了驱动器的移动速度与工作电压、频率之间的试验关系曲线.结果表明在计算机闭环控制下,驱动器能稳定地实现双向运动,在行程1 mm时,定位精度达士0.01 μm,有效驱动力达13.5 N.     

Coding for the Feedback Gel'fand–Pinsker Channel and the Feedforward Wyner–Ziv Source

We consider both channel coding and source coding, with perfect past feedback/feedforward, in the presence of side information. It is first observed that feedback does not increase the capacity of the Gel'fand-Pinsker channel, nor does feedforward improve the achievable rate-distortion performance in the Wyner-Ziv problem. We then focus on the Gaussian case showing that, as in the absence of side information, feedback/feedforward allows to efficiently attain the respective performance limits. In particular, we derive schemes via variations on that of Schalkwijk and Kailath. These variants, which are as simple as their origin and require no binning, are shown to achieve, respectively, the capacity of Costa's channel, and the Wyner-Ziv rate distortion function. Finally, we consider the finite-alphabet setting and derive schemes for both the channel and the source coding problems that attain the fundamental limits, using variations on schemes of Ahlswede and Ooi and Wornell, and of Martinian and Wornell, respectively     

关于压电致动器的动力学和致动作用力

从压电本构方程出发，将外加电信号处理为外界激励作用。在理论上给出了应用最广泛的矩形薄板压电致动器在激励作用下的动力学效应，同时给出了其致动作用力表达式，为以前的有关报道结果提供了严格的理论依据。根据结果不难具体分析这种压电致动器的动力学响应。     

Time-Interleaved Multirate Sigma–Delta Modulators

A time-interleaved (TI) implementation of multirate sigma-delta modulators (SDMs) is proposed. In multirate SDMs, the first integrator is clocked at a rate that is lower than that of the rest of the integrators. In the proposed architecture, each integrator clocked at a high rate is replaced by two parallel integrators operating in interleaved mode and clocked at the same low rate as the first one. The new architecture has several nice features. First, every integrator operates at the same low rate, which simplifies the clock circuitry when compared to the original multirate modulator. Second, there are no delayed cross paths, which is typical of TI-SDMs. Third, no high-rate sample-and-hold at the input of a TI-SDM is required. Finally, as time interleaving is not applied to the first integrator, the proposed modulator is robust against circuit mismatches, unlike other TI architectures. The same strategy can be applied to continuous time (CT) modulators. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first TI-CT-SDM ever reported     

Perfect Space–Time Block Codes

In this paper, we introduce the notion of perfect space-time block codes (STBCs). These codes have full-rate, full-diversity, nonvanishing constant minimum determinant for increasing spectral efficiency, uniform average transmitted energy per antenna and good shaping. We present algebraic constructions of perfect STBCs for 2, 3, 4, and 6 antennas     

On Space–Time Trellis Codes Achieving Optimal Diversity Multiplexing Tradeoff

Multiple antennas can be used for increasing the amount of diversity (diversity gain) or increasing the data rate (the number of degrees of freedom or spatial multiplexing gain) in wireless communication. As quantified by Zheng and Tse, given a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel, both gains can, in fact, be simultaneously obtained, but there is a fundamental tradeoff (called the Diversity-Multiplexing Gain (DM-G) tradeoff) between how much of each type of gain, any coding scheme can extract. Space-time codes (STCs) can be employed to make use of these advantages offered by multiple antennas. Space-Time Trellis Codes (STTCs) are known to have better bit error rate performance than Space-Time Block Codes (STBCs), but with a penalty in decoding complexity. Also, for STTCs, the frame length is assumed to be finite and hence zeros are forced towards the end of the frame (called the trailing zeros), inducing rate loss. In this correspondence, we derive an upper bound on the DM-G tradeoff of full-rate STTCs with nonvanishing determinant (NVD). Also, we show that the full-rate STTCs with NVD are optimal under the DM-G tradeoff for any number of transmit and receive antennas, neglecting the rate loss due to trailing zeros. Next, we give an explicit generalized full-rate STTC construction for any number of states of the trellis, which achieves the optimal DM-G tradeoff for any number of transmit and receive antennas, neglecting the rate loss due to trailing zeros     

压电式触觉反馈执行器发展综述

该文介绍了压电式触觉反馈执行器的基本原理及开展研究的理论基础。根据触觉反馈执行模块的表面结构和压电材料对压电式触觉反馈执行器进行了分类,并介绍了其特点及国内外相关研究成果。根据两种分类方式对压电式触觉反馈设备进行了交叉比较,分析了各类压电触觉设备的应用范围,并以此为基础阐述了压电触觉未来的发展趋势及研究方向。     

On the Probability of Undetected Error for Overextended Reed–Solomon Codes

Upper and lower bounds on the weight distribution of overextended Reed-Solomon (OERS) codes are derived, from which tight upper and lower bounds on the probability of undetected error for OERS codes are obtained for q-ary symmetric channels