The First Home Owner Boost in Australia: A Case Study of Outcomes in the Sydney Housing Market

This article looks at the impact of the First Home Owner Grant (FHOG) ‘Boost’, a cash grant to first home buyers, which was introduced by the Australian Federal Government as part of the stimulus package in response to the global financial crisis (GFC) between October 2008 and September 2009. This policy initiative, based on a pre-existing FHOG, introduced in 2000 as a temporary support for the house building industry following the introduction of the Federal Goods and Services Tax, provided a major additional financial stimulus targeted at first home owners at a time when the GFC was threatening to destabilise the home purchase market. The policy was also promoted as a way of stimulating demand for new residential property to support jobs retention in the residential development industry. New South Wales, and in particular Sydney, provides a lens through which we explore the outcomes of the stimulus in terms of the geography of FHOG take-up and the types of property bought. It also assesses the impact of the Boost on first home owner purchase rates and the impact this had on post-stimulus housing demand.     

Owner Occupation,Employment and Welfare: The Impact of Changing Relationshipson Sustainable Home Ownership

This paper is concerned with the changing relationships between owner occupation,employmentand welfare that increasingly present a challenge to sustainable home ownership. While the discussion centres on the emerging position in Britain, the potential significance of the issues for a number of other countries is noted. The paper first identifies the conditions for sustainable owner occupation and then traces out the impact of three illustrative aspects of labour market change on sustainability. The three issues discussed are the growth of job instabilities,the rising incidence of unemployment and the growth of low paid employment.The extent to which the impact of the changing relationship between the housing and the labour market is already visible will be discussed-potentialindicators include deterioratingphysical conditions, changing attitudes to home ownership and financial difficulties, mortgage arrears and possessions. The latter form the focus for the discussion. This is set in the context of the changing pattern of safety net provision and the limiting of state welfare provision. Recent evidence questioning the likely success of the proposal to ensure the sustainability of owner occupation via the development of a private safety net will be presented.     

且论甲方之于乙方

业主与设计方之间的关系对于一个成功的室内设计项目来说显得至关重要,本文主要就业主与设计方之间的一些问题略作探讨。     

Land Drainage: Agricultural Benefits and Environmental Impacts

The paper reviews the context and contribution of agricultural land drainage in the UK and discusses the design and performance of land drainage improvement and maintenance schemes. The environmental impacts of land drainage are considered, and how drainage activities can be, and are being, modified to meet environmental criteria.     

Housing for Health: The Role of Owner Occupation

Housing is widely regarded as playing an important role in the mediation and management of health inequalities. British policy-makers are increasingly looking to the research community to specify what it is about housing environments that impact on health, and to identify what housing interventions constitute healthy public policies. To feed into this debate, this paper begins by reviewing the state of the art of research on housing and health. It shows that the majority of work continues to focus on how housing affects health, while the limited attention to how health status affects housing outcomes has concentrated on medical priority for rehousing in the public sector. It is argued, however, that the market sector now merits closer scrutiny among those concerned with the health selectivity of the housing system. Drawing on a series of qualitative interviews, questions are raised about: how readily people with health problems and mobility difficulties gain access to owner occupation; how easily they sustain a position in that tenure sector; and how effective they are in maintaining their homes as healthy enabling living environments.     

The Changing Route to Owner Occupation: The Impact of Student Debt

The 1990s saw a considerable fall in young adult homeownership rates in Britain. There is a concern that the future might hold further falls as a result of reforms to financing higher education. Using estimates from a housing tenure choice model, this paper conducts micro-simulation analyses to assess how this change could affect young adult homeownership transitions. The simulations reveal that increased student debt levels and the new repayment profile and their interaction with lender-imposed borrowing restrictions delay a first-time homeownership transition. The extent of the delay primarily depends upon the expected earnings profile, but lender criteria and general rises/falls in real house prices are also important. The analysis suggests that there will be much greater variation in the timing of house purchase between different groups of future graduates, brought about by increased graduate earnings heterogeneity, homeownership affordability schemes targeted toward specific types of households, and parental financial assistance.     

不同类型地铁站点对住宅价格的影响差异 ——以成都为例

地铁是促进居民低碳出行、解决城 市交通及一系列衍生问题、有助于实现碳达 峰、碳中和目标的重要交通方式。作为大型 城市交通基础设施和地方公共产品,地铁提 高了站点地区的可达性,可能产生经济外部 性,如提升土地和房地产价格。大量研究关 注此话题,但是它们较少考虑站点类型的差 异,比如区分换乘站、首末站和常规站。因 此,本研究基于成都2019年已开通的6条地铁 线路周边2.5 km范围内2 535个小区的27 814个 交易住宅样本,构建了双层随机截距特征价 格模型,估计了各个住宅特征的影子价格,对比换乘站、首末站和常规站对住宅价格的影响差异。实证结果表明：地铁正向影响周边 房价,带来增值效应;邻近换乘站与房价正相关;邻近首末站与房价负相关;换乘站的增 值效应远大于常规站;首末站的增值效应和常规站无显著差异。最后,围绕土地价值捕获 的政策制定进行了讨论。     

Owner challenges on major projects: The case of UK government

Many studies agree that owner organisations are important for successful project organising, but they tend to focus on particular aspects of project organising rather than providing a holistic analysis of owners as organisations. Our objective is to collect evidence of the full range of challenges public sector owners face in managing their major projects. After reviewing the literature on owner organisations, we carry out a case survey of 26 major projects to identify the principal challenges using a content analysis of UK National Audit Office Value for Money reports. Our original contribution is that the findings provide the first comprehensive picture of the full range of challenges of project organising faced by owner organisations. These findings push us theoretically to extend the scope of research in project organising to identify an extended core set of dynamic capabilities for project owner organizations to address these challenges.     

Racial Composition and Home Price Changes: A Case Study

This case study of Plainfield, New Jersey, considered the hypothesis thitt the continuing entry of Negroes into a suburban community, surrounded by municipalities without Negro populations, will bring a decline in property values. Examination of price changes since 1955 turned up no evidence of either an absolute or relative adverse racial effect on home prices.     

新信息技术对城市文化空间影响研究——以南京市为例

信息化浪潮的侵袭以及文化战略的实施使南京市面临新的发展方向.文章从新信息技术应用对象、使用主体、产业发展三个方面说明南京市新信息技术应用现状,从城市文化传播、新信息技术产业与城市文化产业的融合、新信息技术对文化空间的重构三个层次来分析新信息技术对南京城市文化空间的影响,从而使南京城市特色文化得到推广,文化产业衍生出新的产业,文化设施产生扩散,文化产业形成集聚.最后给出了南京市文化空间的发展建议与思考.     

Democratisation of Environmental Governance: Perceptions and Attitudes of Township Women Towards the Environment

Democratisation of environmental governance usually leads to positive changes in people??s perceptions and attitudes towards the environment and increases their participation in environmental matters. This paper aims to establish whether the same is true for township women following the democratisation of environmental governance in South Africa. The study is carried out in Mamelodi township, where semi-structured survey instruments were used to interview women who are heads of households. Although the literature implies that democracy fosters the participation of citizens in general and women in particular, the study findings reveal that in practice, besides institutional bottlenecks and social handicaps, factors such as poverty eradication, the availability of jobs, safety and security, transparent governance and service delivery rather than democratic environmental governance determine the attitudes of underprivileged groups such as women to environmental issues.     

原风景对景观感知影响的调查研究

"原风景"是指人们在20岁之前的生活环境中,在内心深处留下深刻印象的风景。本研究就"原风景对景观感知的影响"这一课题,使用李克特量表型问卷进行调查,调查结果表明,原风景对于各年龄段,及不同身份、背景的人的景观感知都有着十分显著的影响,影响程度随着民众年龄的增长呈先降低后增高的趋势。在各类影响因素中,个人因素起着最为重要的作用,各因子影响程度排序为:个人因素熟悉度社会与文化因素行为方式感觉线索美感度环境选择。作为对原风景的基础性研究,本研究填补了原风景对景观感知的影响程度以及影响方式这一现有研究中的空白。     

城市地下道路环境影响评价初探

文章介绍了城市地下道路环境影响评价的概念、作用和原则.分别从交通运输、生物物理、社会经济的角度分析了城市地下道路建设可能对环境产生的影响.提出了我国应在建设城市地下道路前作好工程对环境影响评价工作的建议.     

The Case For Environmental Planning Education in Black Schools

Establishment of radically new professional-level environmental planning schools at a selected number of black urban based colleges and universities is an essential aspect of a larger strategy for rapidly increasing the supply of effective black planning professionals, while at the same time creating an American planning education process that is relevant to the ideal of a multiracial, urban, post-industrial society. The strategy of beginning new programs at black schools rests on two key assumptions: (1) black people themselves must evolve an urban theory of group power based on new realities—white people cannot supply them with such a theory; and (2) it is black people who are most desperately and immediately in need of functional mergers between the behavioral sciences and the “manmade environment” professions—functional mergers which these professions seem incapable of taking beyond the level of “interdisciplinary” rhetoric. Thus, it is black scholars, activists, professionals, and technicians at black urban institutions who must build the first generation models for relevant urban planning education throughout the American higher education system.     

The Tailored Home: Housebrand

Loraine Fowlow describes how in Calgary, Alberta, Canada's fifth biggest city, John Brown has established Housebrand, a practice that is notable both for its innovative approach to residential design and for its adeptness in understanding its client base and the particular context of the Calgary housing market. The company has masterfully matched its own skills and services to customer demand in a way that is almost unprecedented within the architectural profession. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

项目基础围护施工中对地铁等环境影响的控制

就上海市胸科医院新建科教综合楼项目建设中,对项目北侧地铁10号线区间的保护性围护施工进行介绍。阐述在施工过程中在有限的空间内调整好有针对性的施工方案优化和变形控制,通过对围护施工工艺技术参数的控制和优化,来控制项目基础围护施工对地铁等环境的影响。     

对郊区型第二住宅空间分布的初步研究——以广东省佛山市为例

近郊化、资源环境、市场指向和"飞地"、行政和经济、交通和用地等因素,分别决定了第二住宅的空间结构、类型特征、社会结构、地域差异、分布特征和规模特征.城市规划在需求动力、用地空间、重点区域、空间聚散方面影响第二住宅的发展,第二住宅在景观、空间和城市化方面对城市规划产生影响.第二住宅的发展,可能引发过度城镇化的后果,并引起地价上涨、居住两极分化、占地较多、环境影响等问题,对城市规划和和谐社会建设构成挑战.     

基于LCA的城市绿地管养对环境影响的量化方法探讨

城市绿地是重要的绿色基础设施。城市绿地要实现设计目标,保持长久的景观效果离不开持续不断地养护管理,同时管养工作又会带来物资消耗和废弃物排放,对环境造成负面影响。基于生命周期评价方法(LCA),以资源能源消耗和气候变暖潜值作为对环境影响的主要因子,将城市绿地划分为乔木、灌木、地被和草坪层,建立了管养对环境影响的量化模型。以郑州市郑东新区绿地为研究对象,选取34个植物群落(20m×20m)为样本进行了验证,计算得到各植物层管养资源能源消耗和气候变暖潜值特征量以及管养工作标准化加权环境影响指数。结果表明,乔木的管养环境影响指数最低,比群落均值低32%;施肥和垃圾清运是环境影响的主要因素,占群落管养环境影响指数均值的75%以上;与农林业相比,城市绿地管养环境影响指数处中低水平,但资源能源消耗因子的影响指数偏高。基于LCA方法的研究结果可以为城市绿地设计和精细化管理提供量化参考。