基于SOC单片机的高集成度光电编码器电路设计

提出了减小光电编码器电路部分空间,缩小其结构尺寸的方法,并对编码器的电路处理进行了研究.介绍了光电编码器的基本原理、光电信号特点和信号处理的要求,分析了传统电路处理方案的特点,说明了基于放大器和比较器的传统方案是造成电路结构设计体积较大的原因.为改变传统方案,提出了用AD直通处理和分时驱动光电信号采集技术来代替传统硬件...     

有限状态机在光电编码器接口电路中的应用

提出了一种基于有限状态机的增量式光电编码器接口电路设计方案。在光电编码器的1个脉冲周期中,通过对A,B两路信号电平变化进行细分,应用硬件描述语言实现状态机的设计。并在QuartusⅡ环境下进行编译与仿真,验证了设计的可行性。     

航天级光电编码器的信号处理系统设计

为了实现航天级光电编码器的小型化,减小航天设备的体积、重量并满足其冷备份要求,设计了具有双读数系统的航天级光电编码器信号处理系统。首先,介绍了双读数系统航天级光电编码器的精码和粗码信号处理方法以及信号处理系统的小型化和可靠性设计;然后,从光电编码器误差产生的原因及空间分布特征出发,对双读数系统航天级光电编码器进行了精度分析;最后,采用比较法,以23位高精度光电编码器作为角度基准,对该光电编码器进行了精度检测。实验结果表明:应用该信号处理系统的双读数系统光电编码器的分辨力为20″,精度σ≤30″。该系统已在工程项目中得到应用,实践表明系统的设计满足航天设备的技术要求。     

高精度光电轴角编码器轴系精度设计与测量

为实现高精度光电轴角编码器的精度 ,提出了光电轴角编码器的轴系精度指标 ,并对影响光电轴角编码器精度的主要因素—轴系晃动量的分离测量方法进行了讨论     

汽车工程中光电编码器的应用现状及发展

随着经济水平的提升和社会科技的进步,当前汽车工业正朝着电子化、数字化与智能化的方向发展,而在汽车工业实现电子化、数字化与智能化发展的过程中需要使用相关电子仪器和零件。光电编码器作一种精度高的数字化检测装置,被广泛用于车载电子设备和零件中,对于推动汽车工业行业的发展具有重要意义。本文主要阐述了光电编码器的工作原理,介绍了汽车工程领域光电编码器当前的应用现状,对当前光电编码器在汽车工程领域过程中存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了针对性的优化方案。     

高分辨力面阵图像式光电编码器的测角技术

为实现面阵图像式光电编码器的小型化及高分辨力,研究了面阵图像式光电编码器的码盘编码和基于图像处理技术的精码细分算法.首先根据光电编码器的性能指标要求设计相应的码盘尺寸;然后通过图像传感器采集随轴系转动的码盘图样;微处理器接收图像数据,通过图形识别算法得到粗码角度,并采用改进的基准线质心算法,计算亚像素级的精码角度信息.最后由粗码和精码组成光电编码器测角数据.实验结果表明,设计码盘直径为φ45 mm的面阵图像式光电编码器,在不配备光学镜头的前提下,采用研究的精码细分技术,可实现4 096份细分,测角分辨力达到5″,角度误差峰峰值为61″.该面阵图像式光电编码器和精码细分技术可以提高编码器的分辨力,缩小编码器体积,减轻重量.适用于航空航天领域对小型化光电编码器的需求.     

采用衍射、干涉技术提高光电轴角编码器的测角精度和分辨率

光电轴角编码器广泛应用于精密角位置的测量、数控及数显系统中,是国内外研究的热点.采用衍射、干涉技术的光电轴角编码器(简称激光编码器)具有结构紧凑、小型化;分辨率和测角精度高;响应频率高等优点.通过对几种激光编码器的成功方案的深入分析,阐述了这项技术的最新进展和所面临的问题.     

主精度光电轴角编码器轴系精度设计与测量

为实现高精度光电轴角编码器的精度,提出了咣电轴角编码器的轴系精度指标,并对影响光电轴角编码器精度的主要因素－轴系晃动量的分离测量方法进行了讨论。     

光电编码器安装零点自动校正技术的研究

基于计算机视觉检测技术,开发一种光电编码器零点自动校正系统,通过数字图像处理识别出编码器零点的位置信息,用模版匹配的方法对零点位置是否对齐进行判断。结果表明,应用计算机视觉检测技术实现编码器零点自动校正,提高了光电编码器的安装精度,解决了目前在检测过程中人工操作工作量大、判断不准确以及效率低等问题。     

粉体物位测量方法的研究与设计

文中采用简单的长度测量原理,将单片机控制电路、光电编码器和以步进电机动力系统结合起来,通过单片机程序对步进机进行调控,光电编码器对重锤的钢丝绳长度计数测量.采用步进机脉冲与光电编码器脉冲的对应关系为物位判据,解决了物位高可靠判据的技术方法,测量结果具有现场显示和变送输出功能.同时,系统具备了自诊断和灵活的设定功能,能够对突发故障进行分析处理并给出报警.     

新型多功能全自动光电分条机控制系统

本文介绍了一种采用80C198单片机控制的新型多功能全自动光电分条机控制系统及其结构和特点;给出了用于该系统的光电检测与纠偏、自动比例张力控制、调速电机匀加／减速和恒速运行控制等关键技术的实现原理和方法。通过实际应用,证明其具有优良的控制性能。     

一种经济型堆垛机及控制系统

介绍了一种经济型立体仓库堆垛机控制系统,系统采用普通直流电机代伺服直流电机,用绝对编码器进行位置检测。自行设计并研制了立体仓库计算机控制系统,计算机实现管理、控制一体化。文中给出了系统的硬件、软件框图及实验结果。     

航管雷达光电编码器的设计与实现

航管雷达光电编码器是雷达天线伺服系统的重要组成部分,它对于搜索目标、跟踪目标以及精确测量目标的位置和其它参数起着重要的作用。雷达光电编码器属于易损器件,由于遭雷击或长时间机械磨损等原因,将导致编码器不能正常使用,从而直接关系到雷达对目标的探测能力。由于通过国外厂家维修或购买雷达光电编码器价格昂贵,周期长,效率低,且近年来各地雷达编码器的损坏较多。因此,为了保障民航空管的飞行安全,自主研制适用于现有的进口航管雷达的光电编码器已成为迫切的需求。     

圆光栅增量式光电轴角编码器性能自动检测方法

本文提出了一种对圆光栅增量式光电轴角编码器精度及性能参数进行快速、自动、动态检测的方法，对编码器在各转速范围内输出信号的主要参数如分度精度、频响特性、正弦性、正交性、每转信号周期数、脉冲信号占空比等的检测、评定作了介绍。     

基于单片机的随动控制系统设计

介绍了以51单片机为控制核心的数字式随动控制系统的硬件组成及软件设计。整个系统为一个三闭环的复杂多功能控制系统。其中两个模拟内环为电流环和速度环，数字外环（位置环）采用三只高精度的14位绝对式轴角编码器作为角位移传感器。该系统具有结构简单，接口功能强大，通用性强等特点，可广泛应用于负载较大的机电设备的伺服控制中。     

A new vacuum interferometric comparator for calibrating the fine linear encoders and scales

A new one-dimensional laser interferometric comparator has been developed for the calibration of the fine linear encoders and scales up to 1600 mm. In the comparator, the interferometer is fully arranged in vacuum and the calibration objects are mounted under atmospheric conditions. The Abbe’s principle on the alignment of workpiece with the measuring beam is satisfied in the structure of a long measuring range. A travelling slide table, on which the calibration objects are mounted, is supported on guide rails by the air bearing and is driven through a recirculating ballscrew. The exhaust of the air bearing is guided to the exterior of the booth in which the comparator is placed. The travel of the table is measured by a reference interferometer with a beam path in vacuum shielded by an evacuated metal bellow, so that the effect of refractive index is eliminated. The laser beam is led by a polarization plane maintaining glass fiber from a self-designed stabilised He–Ne laser, which is placed in an adjacency room, to the beam inlet of the main unit. The measurement system can input the interferometer signal by the encoder signal or the scale signal, and input the encoder or scale data by the interferometer signal. The system resolution is approximately 0.8 nm and maximum travelling measurement speed is 20 mm/s at continuous measurement. The uncertainly (k=2) of measurement is approximately 30 nm in linear encoders of 500 mm length and, approximately 40 nm in scales of 500 mm, although it depends on the length and the characteristics of encoders and scales. It is successful such a high accuracy that the uncertainty of measurement system is smaller than 40 nm in encoders of 1 m length.     

x-y-Recording in transmission electron microscopy. A versatile and inexpensive interface to personal computers with application to stereology

An interface for IBM XT/AT-compatible computers is described which has been designed to read the actual specimen stage position of electron microscopes. The complete system consists of (i) optical incremental encoders attached to the x- and y-stage drivers of the microscope, (ii) two keypads for operator input, (iii) an interface card fitted to the bus of the personal computer, (iv) a standard configuration IBM XT (or compatible) personal computer optionally equipped with a (v) HP Graphic Language controllable colour plotter. The small size of the encoders and their connection to the stage drivers by simple ribbed belts allows an easy adaptation of the system to most electron microscopes. Operation of the interface card itself is supported by any high-level language available for personal computers. By the modular concept of these languages, the system can be customized to various applications, and no computer expertise is needed for actual operation. The present configuration offers an inexpensive attachment, which covers a wide range of applications from a simple notebook to high-resolution (200-nm) mapping of tissue. Since section coordinates can be processed in real-time, stereological estimations can be derived directly “on microscope”. This is exemplified by an application in which particle numbers were determined by the disector method.     

NURBS曲线在快速原型制造系统中的应用

大多数快速原型制造系统采用 STL 文件作为与 CAD系统之间的数据交换接口。但是 ,STL 文件是通过用一系列的三角片逼近实际零件表面而产生的 ,STL 文件本身及其创建过程均存在许多问题。要提高模型的精度 ,就必须增加三角片的数量 ,同时减小三角片的尺寸。这必然造成 STL 文件庞大 ,后续处理时间较长 ,而且易产生缺陷 ,使后续处理不能进行。针对上述问题 ,本文分析了 STL文件的不足 ,提出一种 CAD系统与 RPM系统之间新的数据交换方法。该方法对 CAD系统中的真实模型直接切片 ,将切片后所得到的轮廓数据作为 CAD系统与快速原型制造系统之间的数据交换接口。该切片算法已在“超人 2 0 0 0 CAD/ CAM”系统中实现 ,算法表现稳定     

The development of a multi-turn absolute encoder—a new concept in accordance with a design insensitive to accuracy

A new design concept of a multi-turn absolute rotary encoder which is insensitive to the accuracy of encoder components is proposed. This new design does not demand high accuracy of the encoder structure other than the fundamental pattern to produce the least significant digit. The allowable error in the encoder structure is compensated by electronic light circuits. This absolute encoder has been applied to the measurement of height position in a cylindrical form-measuring system. The new encoders can be connected in series by reduction gears whose accuracy is fairly rough, so that a multi-turn device in realized. The allowable tolerances in the encoder structure are presented.     

CONVERSE REASONING FOR FULL DEPRESSION－FEATURE MODEL AND PROCESS

A new approach, namely, "defining protrusion-feature with depression-parameter" is advanced, which focuses on the shortcomings of protrusion-feature alteration method; The full depression-feature model is built up, and a basic converse reasoning iterative algorithm for machining process is given. The detailed examination has been implemented on the feature-based modeling system for light industry product (QJFMS) and the converse reasoning on fixture-based machining process is achieved.