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聚甲醛/聚氧化乙烯晶/晶共混体系溶液结晶行为 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究不同组成配比下的聚甲醛(POM)/聚氧化乙烯(PEO)晶/晶共混体系溶液结晶行为和结晶形态.结果表明:POM和PEO溶于其共同溶剂六氟异丙醇(HFIP),溶剂挥发过程中两组分由于分子链的相互作用,形成不完善结晶,POM在DSC升温曲线中出现熔融双峰,高熔点峰与纯POM熔点峰相同,而低熔点峰则随PEO含量增大而降低.PEO熔点随POM含量增大而降低.偏光显微镜测试表明:当体系中PEO质量含量低于40%时,POM球晶明显,其直径随PEO含量增加而增大,PEO形成碎晶;当PEO质量含量在60%到80%之间,POM先结晶形成较小的球晶,PEO后结晶,并可穿越POM球晶继续生长至布满整个视场. 相似文献
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以聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯(PUR-T)作为聚甲醛(POM)球晶生长抑制剂,采用热台偏光显微镜,即时在线跟踪POM球晶的成核与生长过程,研究了PUR-T在其不同用量以及不同结晶温度下对POM球晶成核及生长过程的影响。结果表明,PUR-T存在下,POM的成核密度明显增大,并随结晶温度的提高基本呈下降趋势;在结晶温度为155℃及以下时,PUR-T对POM成核时间基本无影响,156℃以上时,使成核时间明显增加,158℃的增加尤为显著。PUR-T使POM球晶生长速率明显下降,且结晶温度越高,生长速率下降幅度越大;PUR-T质量分数为5%~15%时,用量变化对生长速率的影响甚微。同时,PUR-T使POM结晶过程的成核参数和折叠链表面自由能增加,表明PUR-T的加入使POM成核难度增大,球晶生长所需克服的能量增加。 相似文献
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聚甲醛(POM)在成型大尺寸制件时易产生凹陷、翘曲、空洞等缺陷,适当降低结晶速率并保持高结晶度和细化晶粒是解决途径,热塑性聚氨酯(PUR-T)可使POM结晶速率下降。研究了PUR-T种类、用量以及在基体中分散对POM结晶行为的影响。结果表明,PUR-T存在下,POM初始结晶温度和峰值结晶温度几乎不受影响,尤其在PUR-T用量不高于10%时;POM结晶焓明显下降,表明结晶被抑制,且PUR-T的熔点越高,对POM结晶的干扰能力越强。聚酯型PUR-T的结晶抑制能力强于聚醚型。PUR-T含量为5%~10%时,在基体中分散性的适度提高反而不利于其对POM结晶的抑制作用,却使结晶多层次性稍增加。PUR-T被囊裹在POM微纤之间或被排除在微纤之外,使POM晶粒细化,但对球晶光性、成核与生长方式以及POM结晶结构无影响。 相似文献
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选取均聚物聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)及PTT/聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)共混物为研究对象,以偏光显微镜(POM)和X射线衍射(XRD)为研究手段探讨了均聚物PTT的结晶形态,以及结晶温度、共混物的组成、等温结晶时间等因素对PTT/PBT共混物结晶形态和性能的影响。结果表明,PTT形成环带球晶的条件是155℃,PTT/PBT共混物的结晶尺寸由于PBT的引入而变小,在PTT质量分数小于60%以后就不能产生环带球晶;PTT/PBT共混物结晶时是两个组分各自结晶,并且相互竞争,使其生成环带球晶的关键是结晶组分的结晶速率要和非结晶组分之扩散速率相匹配。 相似文献
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研究了一种β成核剂(CHB-5)的含量对等规聚丙烯(iPP)结晶性能和力学性能的影响。用广角X射线衍射(WAXD)研究CHB-5诱导iPP晶型的变化,用差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析CHB-5对iPP熔融行为和结晶行为的影响,用偏光显微镜(POM)观察CHB-5诱导iPP结晶形态的变化。结果表明,CHB-5的加入使iPP的成核能力增强;CHB-5可降低iPP的熔融温度,提高其结晶温度和结晶起始温度,加快结晶速率;CHB-5能降低球晶尺寸;CHB-5的加入可使iPP缺口冲击强度提高。 相似文献
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经口模拉伸工艺制备出高强度的抗冲共聚聚丙烯(IPC)材料,研究了不同拉伸比(λ)对高取向IPC拉伸性能、收缩特性及熔融、结晶行为的影响。结果表明:IPC的拉伸强度和收缩率均随着拉伸比的提高而明显增加。通过偏光显微镜(POM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和差示扫描量热(DSC)对其结晶形态、亚微观形貌、熔融和结晶行为进行分析可知,经口模拉伸,IPC原有的球晶结构被破坏,随着拉伸比的提高,原纤轮廓逐渐清晰,纤维结构愈加完善,且熔融峰向高温移动,结晶度提高。结晶形态由球晶转变为纤维状晶是材料力学性能大幅度提高的根本原因。 相似文献
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利用13C-NMR、POM(偏光显微镜)、DSC(差示扫描量热仪)对自制的聚1-丁烯(I-PB)及1-丁烯与少量丙烯共聚物(B-P)的组成、微观形态和结晶性能进行了研究.实验结果表明,该共聚物为嵌段共聚物,其中丙烯摩尔分数为6.4%;B-P的球晶尺寸与I-PB的球晶尺寸基本一致,但少量丙烯的引入改变了I-PB的结晶成核... 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献