阳离子絮凝剂在污泥脱水中的应用和国产化

简述宝钢焦化酚氰污水处理中污泥脱水工艺,阳离子絮凝剂絮凝脱水机理以及絮凝操作要点。介绍国产阳离子絮凝剂代用的烧杯试验,模拟脱水试验生产使用试验情况以及工业应用情况。表明国产阳离子絮凝剂的絮凝效果与日本栗田产品相当,可以在污泥脱水中使用。     

《焦化产品测定方法通则》标准修订助推焦化发展

通过修订焦化产品检测基础性和纲领性的技术标准—《焦化产品测定方法通则》的研究工作实践,对标准主要修订内容及其解释说明进行详细阐述,并结合焦化发展的现状及未来趋势变化的探讨与分析,使之更有利于整个行业对该修订标准的正确理解和规范使用,助推焦化行业健康稳定发展。     

GB/T6699焦化萘国家标准述评

介绍了原ＧＢ６６９９与ＧＢ６７００合并为新标准ＧＢ／Ｔ６６９９焦化萘的起草过程,分析了我国不同时期萘标准技术条件,重点介绍了焦化萘标准中几项技术指标修订情况,并对各国标准进行对比。     

股份炼铁厂焦化废水应用实践

介绍了自2008年12月,股份炼铁厂吸收焦化废水以来,对焦化废水的应用与管理情况。焦化废水水质差,污染严重,实践出一套合理有效的管理措施,保证了焦化废水正常循环使用,杜绝了焦化废水外排的问题。     

焦化重油的利用

介绍了宝钢对焦化厂副产品——焦化重油进行利用的试验和实际使用情况及成果。在对焦化重油和石油重油的性质进行对比分析的基础上，以大于和等于1：9的比例混合后分别用作低压钢炉和高炉喷吹燃料，均获得良好结果。文中较详细地叙述了混合重油使用条件和应注意的技术问题。     

酚类新产品的研制与生产

介绍了采用波纹丝网填料塔,以酚全馏分为原料,一次精馏得到合格的焦化苯酚、间对甲酚产品(均为一级品)以及邻甲酚馏分(含量大于50%)的试验及生产情况.邻甲酚馏分经过精馏可得到邻甲酚产品(含量大于96%).     

汽轮机背压汽在化产回收中的应用

介绍承德焦化煤气股份有限公司,把汽轮机背压汽用于化产回收的使用情况。     

焦化重油的利用

介绍了近3年来焦化重油利用试验的基本情况。实践表明,将少量焦化重油与石油重油混合后,没有发现明显的分层和结块现象。以大于1:9和等于1:9的比例混合后分别作低压锅炉和高炉喷吹燃料,都获得了良好的结果。用焦化重油取代部分石油重油,不但能解决产、贮、销之间的矛盾,且为合理利用内部能源资源,提高经济效益开辟了新途径。文中较详细地叙述了混合重油使用条件和应注意的技术问题。     

汽轮背压汽在化产回收中的应用

介绍承德焦化煤气股份有限公司,把汽轮机背压汽用于产回收的使用情况。     

6 m焦炉炉门框焊接实践

介绍了石家庄焦化集团有限责任公司对断裂的焦炉炉门框进行的焊接试验,对断裂的6m焦炉炉门框进行的焊接使用结果表明,该焊接方案安全可靠、能够满足使用要求。     

Luigi Guerri, an ordinary pharmacists who became the "first son" of pharmaceutical chemistry

Fever is a major symptom to characterize individual health status. Measurement of temperature is systematically made in everyday medical practice. In France, this measurement is generally assumed with a rectal glass mercury thermometer. In order to protect people and the environment, the "Conseil Supérieur d'Hygiène Publique de France" has approved recommendations to withdrawn medical use of mercury, specifically for thermometer. Rectal measurement is also debated since infectious risks are described. Thus, substitution of rectal glass mercury thermometer is on the agenda. New sites and techniques for measurement of temperature have been studied through a literature review, interview of experts and companies, and clinical research protocols. Cutaneous and axillary measurements are inaccurate and unsatisfactory. Two methods seems to be worth: oral measurement and tympanic measurement. Oral measurement is widespread in the world. This technique has some limits. Tympanic measurement is a new method in progress without these limits. Whatever the choice of the technique is, the substitution of rectal glass mercury thermometer requires training and awareness of staff and patients.     

Are electronic thermometry techniques suitable alternatives to traditional mercury in glass thermometry techniques in the paediatric setting?

Three thermometers, mercury in glass, Becton-Dickinson digital and IVAC tympanic membrane thermometer, were compared. The study was designed to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference between the thermometer recordings, meaning that electronic thermometry is a suitable alternative to traditional mercury in glass thermometry. Children aged between 0 and 15 years old were entered into the study, n = 114. Standard procedures were used throughout the study to minimize the risk of errors in the data collection and technical errors were recorded. The data were analysed using graphical techniques described by Bland and Altman. The differences between the temperature recordings were plotted against their mean (the estimated true value), with the bias and limits of agreement (2 standard deviations from the mean) calculated for the mercury in glass/digital, mercury in glass/tympanic and digital/tympanic temperature recordings. The range of temperatures were 35.1 degrees C-38.5 degrees C, with a mean of 36.85 degrees C for the mercury in glass thermometer, 36.8 degrees C for the digital thermometer and 36.65 degrees C for the tympanic thermometer. The bias for each comparison was 0.36 degrees C, 0.21 degrees C and 0.17 degrees C and the limits of agreement were wide, -0.516 degrees C to 1.234 degrees C, -0.84 degrees C to 1.252 degrees C and -0.940C to 1.244 degrees C for the mercury in glass/digital, mercury in glass/tympanic and digital/ tympanic recordings respectively. A difference of 0.2 degrees C is usually accepted for clinical practice, therefore the null hypothesis was rejected.     

The ear thermometer; not a good replacement for the rectal thermometer

OBJECTIVE: To compare the measurements of body temperature with the tympanic infrared thermometer and the digital rectal thermometer. DESIGN: Prospective, comparative. SETTING: Beatrix Hospital, Gorinchem, the Netherlands. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 2057 almost simultaneous measurements of rectal and tympanic temperature were performed in 164 patients in 9 different wards. RESULTS: The mean difference between the two methods was 0.45 degree C with a standard deviation of 0.57 degree C. The tympanic temperature was lower than the rectal temperature. The differences ranged from -1.5 to 3.6 degrees C. The correlation coefficient was 0.69. If a rectal temperature > 37.8 degrees C was applied as the criterion of fever, the diagnosis was not made in 175/291 measuring moments (60%) with the tympanic thermometer. If a tympanic temperature > 37.8 degrees C was applied as the criterion of fever, the rectal thermometer failed to show fever in 16/132 measuring moments (12%). CONCLUSION: The low sensitivity of the tympanic measurement to establish fever renders the tympanic infrared thermometer unsuitable for use as a fever thermometer.     

"Healthometer"--an instrument for self-distributed health screening and prevention in the population

In the ongoing expansion of medical systems toward prevention and health promotion, primary care is increasingly recognized as a key vehicle and agent. In order to establish a comprehensive health dialogue in the population, there is a need for innovative instruments corresponding to the information and linked media revolution that this shift is a part of. Based upon the experiences of the Department of Preventive Medicine in Malm?, Sweden, a self-mediated, interactive health testing and promotion instrument called "healthometer" has been developed and tested for feasibility. The instrument uses a special variety of a quintile-distributed visual analog scale with the thermometer as reference and allows: (a) easy summation and averaging of single or different aggregates of the test items as a "wellness" profile and score with emphasis upon the positive aspects of health, and (b) recognition against this on the whole favorable background of the weak points motivating further action. The instrument, which can be distributed on paper or electronic medium, supports participation and insight in the initial stages of a directed individual health program for the continuation of which the utilization of professional counsel is stimulated.     

Thermometer use among Mexican immigrant mothers in California

A community-based household survey was utilized to assess the relationship between thermometer use, home treatment and utilization of health care services. Using a cross-sectional design, the study surveyed 688 low income Mexican origin mothers of children between the ages of 8 and 16 months in San Diego County. Mothers were asked how they determine that their child has fever and how often they use a thermometer. Nearly 40% of low income Mexican mothers interviewed in San Diego county never used a thermometer for determining childhood fever. Approximately two-thirds (64.7%) relied either primarily or exclusively on embodied methods such as visual observation or touch to determine fever in their child. A multivariate logistic regression analysis determined that low education and a separated or divorced marital status decreased the odds of thermometer use, whereas regular contact with the health care system doubled the likelihood of thermometer use. Mothers who relied on embodied methods were more likely to use over-the-counter medications than those who relied on thermometers; however, no significant differences were found between groups using other methods of home treatment. Fever determination modalities can be used to screen for lack of access to care and to provide for other health care needs in a culturally appropriate manner. While clinicians' expectations may include parental experience with temperature taking, current pediatric literature questions the need for home-based thermometer use. Possible alternatives to the traditional rectal thermometer might include digital thermometers and color coded thermometer strips.     

GB/T 15712—2008《非调质机械结构钢》标准编制综述

GB/T 15712-2008标准是修改采用ISO 11692:1994《经热加工析出强化相铁素体和珠光体组织的工程用钢》对GB/T15712-1995进行修订的。该标准较原标准在"非调质机械结构钢"的定义、牌号及化学成分、力学性能、高、低倍检验等方面作了较大修改。介绍了该标准编制原则,主要内容及编制说明。     

Evaluation of ear temperature measurements in a geriatric department

We evaluated an infrared tympanic thermometer (Genius 3000A) by comparing it with parallel measurements with an electronic rectal thermometer (Philips HP 5316) on 121 patients admitted to a geriatric department. Rectal temperature was on average 0.14 degree C +/- (ISD) above the ear temperature. 95% of the differences are within the interval from -1.18 degrees C to 1.46 degrees C. The coefficient of determination was only 0.30. The tympanic thermometer, Genius 3000A, cannot be recommended for daily use on a geriatric ward.     

Contribution of pretesting to several measures of semantic desensitization effectiveness.

32 snake- or spider-phobic Ss were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: pretest–posttest therapy, posttest-only therapy, pre–post control, or post-only control. Ss receiving semantic desensitization therapy showed less posttest anxiety on the semantic differential than controls regardless of testing condition. However, therapy Ss demonstrated less anxiety on a fear survey, a fear thermometer, and a behavioral approach test only in the pretest–posttest condition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A note on the "fakability" of the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory.

To test whether prospective teachers can fake the MTAI, and whether signing his name influences his score, 406 prospective teachers were administered the MTAI, first under standard directions and then under directions to "fake." Directions to "fake" resulted in significantly higher (more "progressive") attitude scores; under standard directions the anonymous respondents had a lower mean score than the signers. The implications for use of the Inventory in counseling and in selection are mentioned. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)