Cu2+对磁化蒸馏水改善辉钼矿浮选效果的影响

通过单矿物浮选实验、Zeta电位测试及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)分析,研究了Cu2+对磁化蒸馏水改善辉钼矿浮选效果的影响。结果表明,用磁化蒸馏水浮选时,在煤油用量160 mg/L及2＃油用量80 mg/L的条件下,Cu2+浓度为320 mg/L时辉钼矿回收率可达83.06%,比Cu2+浓度为0时的回收率增加了3.14个百分点,Cu2+对磁化蒸馏水改善辉钼矿浮选效果的影响较小。Cu2+和Cu(OH)+吸附在辉钼矿表面使其Zeta电位正向增大,有利于煤油在辉钼矿表面的吸附。辉钼矿表面上吸附的Cu2+和Cu(OH)+与溶液中的MoO42?反应生成CuMoO4沉淀并覆盖在辉钼矿断裂面上,抑制了辉钼矿断裂面中钼元素和硫元素的氧化反应及氧化钼溶解,最终对磁化蒸馏水改善辉钼矿浮选效果有积极影响。     

Ca2+和Mg2+对辉钼矿可浮性的影响对比

通过辉钼矿单矿物浮选试验,Ca2+,Mg2+的溶液化学计算及辉钼矿表面Zeta电位和XPS检测,对比研究了Ca2+,Mg2+对辉钼矿可浮性影响的差异性.结果表明,Ca2+,Mg2+均会吸附于辉钼矿表面,改变辉钼矿表面Zeta电位并对辉钼矿的可浮性产生抑制作用,且随pH值增大,抑制作用增强;碱性条件下Mg2+对辉钼矿可浮...     

铜离子和镍离子对绿泥石的抑制作用及机理

通过浮选实验、动电位测量、ICP离子浓度测试及溶液化学计算,研究铜离子和镍离子对绿泥石浮选的影响,并考察其作用机理.结果表明,绿泥石具有一定的天然可浮性,一定pH值条件下铜离子和镍离子能够水解生成亲水的氢氧化物沉淀,通过静电作用吸附在绿泥石表面,抑制绿泥石的浮选;在较高pH条件下,生成的氢氧化物沉淀与绿泥石表面电性相同,吸附量较少,抑制效果较弱.     

油酸钠体系下Fe3+与白云母的作用机理研究

采用浮选溶液化学、Zeta电位、XPS等手段表征白云母表面性质,对油酸钠体系下Fe3+对白云母的作用机理进行了讨论.结果表明:在pH=6,油酸钠用量为9.20×10-4mol/L,Fe3+为7.41×10-5mol/L的条件下,白云母的回收率可达到86.40%,活化效果显著.当pH≤6时,Fe3+与白云母表面的羟基反应生成带正电的含铁络合物,其与溶液中的油酸根发生化学反应生成疏水的油酸铁物质,同时部分油酸根在白云母表面发生了静电吸附,在二者的效应下可明显提高白云母的疏水性.当6相似文献   

活性污泥对废水中铍的吸附与解吸

本文研究了活性污泥对水中铍的吸附特性。考察了时间、温度、pH、共存离子等对吸附过程的影响，以及吸附过程中溶液pH的变化规律，研究结果表明：铍在污泥上的吸附主要为快速的表面吸附，受温度影响不大，在pH3—7范围，吸附量随pH的升高而增大，铜、铅、锌、钙由于共同竞争吸附电位而使吸附量下降，铁、铝等由于产生微沉淀而致使吸附量增加，钠由于具有竞争和生成复盐双重作用导致吸附量交叉变化，硫酸根和磷酸根由于与铍生成沉淀而增加去除率，而氟和铍生成稳定配离子使去除率下降，溶液pH由于生成配离子而呈现反常的升高；此外，还探讨了不同解吸刑对污泥中铍的解吸效果，结果表明，盐酸解吸效果最佳，解吸率高达96．73％。     

油酸钠体系下Mg2+对白云母的活化机理研究

针对油酸钠体系下Mg2+对白云母浮选行为的影响进行了研究,结合浮选溶液化学、Zeta电位、XPS等手段探讨了Mg2+与白云母的作用机理。结果表明,Mg2+在碱性条件下可以明显提高白云母的可浮性,并且pH值越大Mg2+对白云母的活化效果越好。当pH=12,油酸钠用量为9.20×10-4 mol/L时,3.44×10-4 mol/L的Mg2+可使白云母的回收率提高到82.20%。 Mg2+活化白云母的根本原因在于：Mg2+可强化油酸根离子在白云母表面的局部正电区域的静电吸附作用,同时可以提高白云母表面铝和硅离子与油酸根离子的反应的机率。此外,白云母表面覆盖的Mg2+可与油酸根离子反应生成疏水的油酸镁。在这三者共同作用下,白云母的可浮性得到了显著的提高。     

Mg2+,Al3+和Fe3+对氟磷灰石表面性质的影响(英文)

矿物表面性质是影响其分散聚集和浮选行为的主要因素，通过溶液化学分析计算、浊度、接触角及Zeta-电位测试分析，研究了矿浆中，Mg²⁺,Al³⁺,Fe³⁺等金属离子对氟磷灰石(FAP)表面性质的影响。结果表明：金属离子在溶液中的存在形式随pH值的变化而改变，FAP是亲水性矿物，添加Fe³⁺对FAP的润湿性影响受pH的影响较大，在酸性环境中，Fe³⁺对FAP的亲水起促进作用，在中性及碱性环境下，Fe³⁺能较好地抑制FAP的亲水。Mg²⁺和Al³⁺受pH的影响较小，在中性环境下Mg²⁺,Al³⁺离子均抑制FAP的润湿性。在pH=3～11范围内，Mg²⁺主要以+2价的离子存在，压缩FAP表面双电层；Al³⁺和Fe³⁺主要是通过水解的作用生成氢氧化物沉淀覆盖在FAP表面，并且Mg²⁺,Al     

F-在方解石表面的吸附及其对方解石表面性质的影响

氟元素主要存在于磷矿和萤石等矿物中,这些矿物中都伴生有方解石脉石矿物,在浮选分离的弱酸条件下,矿物表面的F^-会部分溶出并吸附到矿物表面,从而影响矿物表面性质。本文研究了F^-在方解石表面的吸附及其对方解石表面性质的影响机理。结果表明,在矿浆pH 值为5.5时,F^-以化学吸附的方式吸附在方解石表面,随着吸附时间的增加吸附量逐渐增加,90 min时方解石对F^-的吸附达到平衡。在油酸钠(NaOL)为捕收剂时,F^-的存在会降低方解石表面的疏水性。通过Zeta电位测试、溶液化学计算和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)分析表明,F^-会和方解石表面的Ca²⁺反应生成CaF₂沉淀,占据方解石表面的Ca位点,降低NaOL在方解石表面的吸附量。     

中性条件下蓝晶石矿物的浮选行为研究

通过单矿物浮选实验、动电位、吸附量及红外光谱测试分析,考察了蓝晶石、石英、黑云母的浮选行为以及矿物与药剂的作用机理。浮选实验结果表明,在中性条件下,单独用十二胺盐酸盐(DAC)作捕收剂,3者可浮性差异不大,不能有效分离,必须添加抑制剂。3种抑制剂在相同的质量浓度下,对蓝晶石矿物的抑制强弱顺序为:淀粉水玻璃氟化钠。金属阳离子的添加对3种矿物的浮选影响也不同,对蓝晶石及石英的抑制强弱顺序为:Al 3+Fe3+Mg2+Ca2+,对黑云母的抑制顺序为Ca2+Mg2+Al 3+Fe3+,黑云母总体趋势变化不明显。动电位、吸附量及红外光谱分析表明,淀粉在蓝晶石表面的吸附为物理吸附,并且主要通过氢键作用来实现,这样淀粉对蓝晶石具有更强的抑制能力,能有效地实现蓝晶石矿物的反浮选分离。     

Cu(Ⅱ)/Ni(Ⅱ)离子对镜铁矿和绿泥石浮选的活化作用及机理

通过单矿物浮选试验、动电位测试和溶液化学分析,研究了油酸钠体系中,Cu2+和Ni2+对镜铁矿和绿泥石浮选行为的影响,并探究其作用机理.单矿物浮选试验结果表明,油酸钠对镜铁矿和绿泥石有较好的捕收作用,Cu2+浓度较低时对镜铁矿起活化作用,而浓度较高时对镜铁矿起抑制作用;Ni2+对镜铁矿和绿泥石均有一定的活化作用;动电位测试和溶液化学分析结果表明,Cu2+和Ni2+水解生成的羟基络合物吸附在镜铁矿和绿泥石表面,使镜铁矿和绿泥石表面电位升高,促进油酸钠吸附,从而达到活化镜铁矿和绿泥石的效果.     

Removal of Cadmium from Aqueous Solution Using Adsorptive Bubble Separation Techniques

Abstract

Cadmium ion was removed from aqueous solutions using adsorptive bubble separation techniques. The effect of pH, coagulant and activator concentrations, and ionic strength on separation efficiency was studied. Adsorbing colloid flotation using ferric hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide as the coprecipitant and sodium lauryl sulfate as the collector and frother was found to be very effective provided that the ionic strength of the solution was no greater than 0.01 M. The residual cadmium concentration was less than 0.02 ppm after foaming for 10 min from a solution containing 20 ppm cadmium initially. Effective separation can be achieved from solutions containing 0.1 M NaNO₃ or 0.05 M Na₂SO₄ when zinc ion is used as the activator. The results of foam flotation were compared with the zeta potential of the floc. It was found that the zeta potential of the floc decreases with increasing ionic strength of the solution. The zeta potential of the floc is more positive when activators (aluminum and zinc ions) were added, which presumably gives the floc a stronger affinity for anionic surfactant adsorption, resulting in better separation efficiency. Adsorbing colloid flotation becomes less effective with increasing inert salt concentration of the solution; this effect can be compensated for to quite a large extent with the aid of activators, and the applicability of foam separation techniques for heavy metal removal from wastewater is thus greatly extended     

锰氧化物锂离子筛的掺杂改性及吸附性能研究

以二氧化锰和氢氧化锂为原料,采用高温固相法合成了锂锰氧化物前驱体,再经离子交换技术制备了锰氧化物锂离子筛并用于溶液中Li ⁺的吸附。考察了Al ³⁺和La ³⁺掺杂对锂离子筛结构、形貌和吸锂性能的影响。用粉末X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）对制备产物进行了表征。结果表明,产物为尖晶石型锰氧化物锂离子筛,呈片状形貌,分散性较均匀。Al ³⁺和La ³⁺掺杂后产物仍然保持尖晶石结构,形貌有所变化,分别呈现出不规则的立方体和纳米颗粒。吸附结果表明,掺杂后锰氧化物锂离子筛的吸附容量有所提高。     

Flotation behavior and mechanism of andalusite and kyanite in the presence of sodium oleate

Andalusite and kyanite are two polymorphic minerals with the same formula but different crystal structures. Despite of their high economic values, selectively recovering them by flotation is a challenge. The flotation recovery of andalusite is higher than that of kyanite with sodium oleate. Sodium oleate adsorbs onto the surfaces mainly through the chemical interaction of oleate ions with aluminum atoms. The higher adsorption of sodium oleate on andalusite surface between the two minerals is related to the higher chemical activity of the aluminum atoms which leads to the better affinity and therefore the lower adsorption energy of sodium oleate.     

Ionic complexation and adsorption of small organic molecules on calcium silicate hydrate: Relation with their retarding effect on the hydration of C3S

The ion complexing power and the adsorption of set-retarders such as sugar derivatives (d-glucitol, d-gluconate…), amino-carboxylates and phosphonates (EDTA, EDTMP, …) on C-S-H were identified and compared. The complexation equilibria of the predominant calcium and/or hydroxide complex and its relative constant were determined after measuring the solubilizing effect of the molecules in suspensions buffered by portlandite. The adsorption of the molecules on C-S-H as well as their possible complexation with silicate ions in solution were also investigated. All the molecules studied are shown to complex calcium and/or hydroxide ions but only amino-phosphonates, d-gluconate and d-glucitol complex silicate ions. They all adsorb on portlandite and C-S-H but to different extents. These organic compounds are also revealed to be sensitive to the presence of calcium counter-ions at the surface of C-S-H. Finally, the relation between their ionic complexing powers, adsorption properties and retarding effects on the hydration of C₃S are discussed.     

Ion migration law in flotation pulp and its influence on the separation of smithsonite and quartz

This study investigated the migration law of ion release and adsorption in the flotation pulp of oxide zinc ore, and found that numerous different ions existed in the pulp. The total concentrations and major sources of various ions (Pb²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe³⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, SO₄^2-, etc.), released from the minerals after grinding, were determined. The zeta potential tests indicated that a mixed-ion solution strongly influences the surface charge of the minerals. The flotation tests show that the migration law of ions is detrimental to the separation and concentration of minerals.     

Phosphorus removal from wastewater by ionic exchange using a surface-modified Al alloy filter

In this study, a cost-effective and eco-friendly route for removal of phosphate in wastewater was demonstrated using an Al alloy foam filter with a mesoporous aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH₃) film. The mesoporous Al(OH)₃ film on which the ion exchange and adsorption of phosphate occur was generated using a simple alkali surface modification process. For higher phosphate removal by the surface-modified Al alloy foam filter, the number of filters was increased up to 20, which achieved 90% phosphate removal within a very short contact time. As a recycling process, a second alkali surface modification was applied to the used filter after phosphate adsorption. It clearly indicated that the used filter can be recycled via a second alkali surface modification due to the ion exchange mechanism. It was shown that an alkali surface-modified Al alloy foam filter is a powerful candidate for phosphate removal in water treatment facilities.