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高温高压高浓度CO_2介质下油气井管具腐蚀问题日趋严重,针对此问题,本文重点分析了CO_2腐蚀的主控因素及防腐对策。基于CO_2腐蚀环境主控因素、腐蚀类型,腐蚀机理及腐蚀评价方法,总结认为,CO_2分压、温度、流速是CO_2腐蚀的主要影响因素,且在有水的下,CO_2分压对腐蚀速率的影响最大,其次是温度,流速影响最小。防腐主要需通过缓蚀剂防护、涂层防护、化学镀层等措施来实现,咪唑啉类缓蚀剂、噻唑类缓蚀剂和硫脲类缓蚀剂具有很好的缓蚀效果,涂层防护主要包括环氧树脂防腐涂料、聚氨酯防腐涂料、聚苯胺防腐涂料、高固体分防腐涂料四种,也可以采用镍磷合金镀管或双层镀管的方法进行防护。 相似文献
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在海洋环境下服役的飞机,由于长期遭受海水、盐雾等恶劣环境的影响,极易造成飞机结构的腐蚀。为了提高飞机结构的耐腐蚀性能,采用等离子喷涂与激光熔覆两种技术在304不锈钢基体表面制备了铁基非晶涂层,借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、维氏硬度计等仪器考察了涂层的微观组织形态和显微硬度。在模拟海水的腐蚀环境下,通过测量极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱,探究了铁基非晶涂层的腐蚀行为。结果表明,这两种表面技术制备的铁基非晶涂层都具有良好的耐腐蚀性能,可以降低飞机结构的腐蚀速率,从而保障飞行运行安全。 相似文献
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《化学工业与工程技术》2021,(1):47-50
西部S油田含CO_2采油井油管腐蚀问题严重,通过室内模拟试验,采用高温高压动态腐蚀反应釜模拟井筒动态腐蚀环境,考察了采出液含水率、温度、CO_2分压、矿化度和流体流速对油管钢材腐蚀速率的影响,并优选出了一种性能优良的抗CO_2缓蚀剂RYH-301,评价了其对目标油田采油井油管钢的防腐蚀效果。结果表明:随着采出液含水率、温度、CO_2分压、矿化度以及流速的增大,油管钢材的腐蚀速率均呈现出逐渐增大的趋势;抗CO_2缓蚀剂RYH-301能够对目标油田采油井油管钢材起到较好的防护作用,当其质量浓度为150 mg/L时,缓蚀率可达98%以上。 相似文献
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L245M是常用的油气集输管线使用管材,在流动的含CO_2、Cl~-的油田采出水中容易发生严重腐蚀。采用高温高压反应釜、环境扫描电子显微镜和挂片失重实验法,测试了CO_2分压为0.02~1 MPa,Cl~-浓度为52 000~104 400 mg/L,温度为25~55℃,流速为0.1~0.75 m/s条件下的L245M碳钢的腐蚀速率和腐蚀产物形貌,分析了各因素对腐蚀速率的影响。在上述工况条件下,L245M碳钢腐蚀速率范围为0.72~3.44 mm/a。 相似文献
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结合集输管道使用环境和特点,提出了新型抗H2S、CO2、Cl-防腐层的设计。涂层经高温高压浸泡试验后外观及附着力均无变化。 相似文献
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为了提高通用聚丙烯的刚性和热变形温度,通过剖析市场上深受用户欢迎的一种进口南韩的高刚性高结晶聚丙烯(PP)的产品,对照茂名石化现有PP产品,找到性能相近的一种PP产品进行改性,改性产品V30K与进口大韩油化均聚HJ4012性能相当,产品V30K顶替进口产品HJ4012顺利进入市场,深受用户好评. 相似文献
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介绍了一种以新型高温混合材料作为铠装热电偶的绝缘材料,通过大量试验验证了封装后的热电偶传感器具有较高的测量精度、长期热电势稳定性、高绝缘性和较短的热响应时间,能够满足高温、高响应性测量要求。在1 000℃的情况下测量,其性能不亚于以氧化镁作为绝缘材料的产品,因此可应用于工业生产和科学研究中。 相似文献
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A variant of the Vienna DMA (Winklmayr et al. 1991; Reischl et al. 1997) with inner and outer electrode radii of 25 and 33 mm, and a conventional trumpet inlet diameter of 97 mm has been tested. It incorporates a reduced pressure drop sheath gas exhaust system that enables reaching flow rates approaching 4000 L/min. Several new additional flow features are included to delay the transition to turbulent conditions. A cylindrical geometry with a DMA length L of 97 mm (distance between the aerosol inlet and outlet slits) is seen to keep the flow laminar up to the highest Reynolds number achieved, though showing slight signs of flow quality deterioration at about Re = 20,000. An equally long DMA with an inner electrode shaped as a 5° cone caped by a spherical dome remains stable up to the highest Reynolds number achieved. It is expected to continue this trend to considerably higher flow rates. Both these long configurations exhibit line widths close to the ideal Brownian diffusion limit, reaching FWHH of 4% for a particle mass diameter of 1 nm. A short DMA with an axial length L of 18 mm and an inner electrode shaped as a 5° cone caped by an ellipse of 3/2 aspect ratio remains also laminar at the highest speeds attained, and exhibits FWHH as small as 2.4%. It departs moderately from ideal behaviour at small flow rates, presumably due to its non-cylindrical geometry. More serious departures observed at high Reynolds numbers may perhaps be due to flow unsteadiness radiated into the working section by sound waves from the turbulent exhaust region. This is the first report of a DMA capable of excellent resolution at 1 nm, yet with a sufficiently wide and long working section to enable (in principle) covering the size range up to 100 nm. 相似文献