共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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《耐火材料》2018,(6)
针对水冷壁式粉煤气化炉在使用过程中由热应力引起的耐火材料和渣层损毁现象,建立了水冷壁的局部热应力模型,运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对水冷壁式粉煤气化炉使用过程的应力场进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明:1)水冷壁式气化炉的最大应力出现在锚固钉与耐火材料的界面以及耐火材料与渣层的界面,渣层最大应力的位置在渣层表面。2)渣层厚度的增加可显著降低锚固钉与耐火材料界面处的热应力,但是会导致渣层与耐火材料层间的热应力增大。3)当热导率为2~6 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1)时,随着热导率增加,会导致热应力迅速升高;而当热导率为6~10 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1)时,热应力基本稳定。4)降温速率越快,炉衬各点的温度和热应力下降得越快。 相似文献
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水冷壁气流床气化炉的核心思想是"以渣抗渣",因此对熔渣沉积形态与流动规律的研究尤为重要。文中在实验室小型水冷壁气化炉热模装置上,以神府煤气化灰渣、柴油和纯氧气为原料模拟气流床水冷壁气化实验,采用高温内窥镜并结合数字图像处理技术研究了熔渣的沉积、流动过程。实验结果表明:气化炉操作温度高于熔渣临界黏度温度时,渣层表面灰渣处于熔融状态;运动到壁面处的灰渣颗粒主要被熔融渣层吸收;熔渣的流动速度和渣层表面温度有关系,渣层表面温度越高,熔渣流动速度越大。在实验条件下,熔渣层表面速度约为0.002 6—0.003 m/s。 相似文献
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建立了气流床煤气化炉煤灰渣颗粒沉积和壁面反应模型,相应完善了渣层流动、传热传质和相变模型,发展了数值模拟方法,并以国内某型两段式干煤粉加压气流床煤气化中试炉为对象进行了模拟。利用建立的模型可以得到壁面反应速率、渣层含碳量、固态渣层厚度、液态渣层厚度、渣层平均温度和液态渣层平均速度等。结果表明:氧煤比升高,渣层平均温度升高,固态渣层厚度、液态渣层厚度和气化炉出口灰渣含碳量降低。计算得到的灰渣含碳量在14%左右,整体碳转化率为95.2%左右,与实际值相近。通过模拟发现壁面反应对于所分析气化炉的碳转化率、排渣含碳量、壁面渣层流动和温度状态具有重要影响,进而影响气化炉的安全稳定运行。 相似文献
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水冷壁气化炉温度分布及影响因素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对气流床水冷壁气化炉炉壁的温度分布及影响因素进行了计算和分析。建立了气流床水冷壁气化炉的三维传热数学模型,运用有限元方法,计算出水冷壁的温度分布,炉壁导热主要通过渣钉完成;探讨了水冷管内工质传热系数、炉内温度、渣钉间距、鳍片厚度、鳍片宽度及熔渣厚度对渣钉、水冷管、鳍片端部和根部等关键部位的最高温度点温度的影响;为了验证热分析的正确性,在实验室的小型气化炉上进行试验,鳍端背火侧温度计算值与实验测量值吻合良好,误差在5%之内;其计算模型和分析结果可为水冷壁气化炉的设计提供相应依据。 相似文献
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辐射废锅作为气流床煤气化中重要的热回收装置,可显著提高合成气热利用率。针对辐射废锅单面受热水冷壁及其表面覆盖的灰层和渣层,建立三维传热模型,并通过流动与传热耦合的数值模拟方法探究不同工况下水冷壁金属管和鳍片温度分布。结果表明,水冷壁表面温度随高度变化幅度较小。合成气温度下降导致水冷壁表面热流密度减小,金属管表面温度随之降低。水冷壁表面沉积物降低了合成气与冷却水之间的换热效率,但在一定程度上保护金属管和鳍片不受高温侵蚀。水冷壁与壳体之间通入保护气可有效降低鳍片温度。 相似文献
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Numerical modeling for non-steady thermal stress analysis of slag layer in a membrane wall entrained-flow gasifier 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Membrane wall entrained-flow gasifier (MWEFG) generally has a long service life for the protection of the solid slag layer adhered to the metal wall during operation. However, cracking will generate in the slag layer when the temperature changes greatly in the gasifier, which results from the thermal stress exceeding the strength of slag deposit. In this study, the gasification experiment was performed in a bench-scale MWEFG and a three-dimensional model was developed for non-steady thermal stress analysis of slag layer. Based on experimental data, the thermal stresses of cooling process were numerically simulated using transient thermal analysis. The results indicate that the thermal stresses of the slag layer are tensile during the cooling and the Von Mises stresses (SEQVs) increase with the reduction of temperature. Comparing the results of the selected nodes, it is found that the SEQV always increases from the slag surface to the slag-SiC interface. The contributions of slag porosity and thickness were also investigated. We draw a conclusion that the maximum SEQV decreases with the increasing porosity, while it increases with the increasing slag thickness. 相似文献
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采用温度法模型对高温熔融高炉渣颗粒的相变冷却特性进行了分析,考虑颗粒固液相热导率随温度的变化及颗粒与环境的辐射换热,获得了高温熔渣颗粒内的温度分布以及相界面位置随时间的推移过程。讨论了变热导率、换热条件、颗粒尺寸,冷却流体速度和温度对相变冷却过程的影响,结果表明:热导率的变化使得颗粒冷却凝固时间延长,高温辐射换热极大加快了冷却速率;颗粒直径增加,相界面移动速度降低,凝固时间增加;冷却流体速度增加,温度降低,相界面移动速度增加,凝固时间缩短。 相似文献
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通过将3D气化炉模型、熔渣一维流动传热模型和颗粒壁面捕捉模型耦合,对工业水煤浆水冷壁气化炉内的熔渣流动特性进行模型研究。重点分析了颗粒壁面行为对气化炉结渣的影响以及氧煤比变化对于渣层厚度的影响,并简要分析了水冷壁气化炉和耐火砖气化炉的差异。研究结果表明:大粒径颗粒易于被壁面捕捉,利于穹顶和直筒段渣层的形成,但不利于碳转化率的提高;小粒径颗粒具有高碳转化率,是下游细灰的主要来源,容易加剧下游受热面和灰黑水系统的负担;水冷壁气化炉内形成的固态渣层是气化炉热阻的主要组成部分,能够起到"以渣抗渣"的作用。 相似文献
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固定管板式换热器的温差热应力数值分析 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
建立由管板、壳体和换热管组成的有限元分析简化模型,利用通过CFD数值模拟得到的各个相应壁面温度数据拟合而成的温度-距离函数关系式,在ANSYS软件中对固定管板式换热器的换热管、壳体和管板表面加栽进行结构热分析,得到了温度分布模型。还将所得的节点温度作为热载荷加栽到结构时应点上计算换热器的整体温差热应力,着重分析管板与管子及壳体连接处附近的热应力分布,并给出了沿管板径向和厚度方向上的热应力变化曲线。 相似文献
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通过数值模拟,结合前人实验结果,探索低温保存血管壁出现裂纹或断裂的机理;为血管低温保存的优化设计提供理论依据.使用有限差分方法求解焓法模型,自行编制程序,求解该非线性热-力耦合问题.得到了一般低温保存过程(降温-恒温-复温-恒温)中血管壁内部瞬态温度场与应力场;研究了降温速率、复温速率、降温终止温度等因素对该应力场变化历史的影响.结合前人实验结果,指出降温阶段血管最大轴向压应力的出现并非是导致血管内外壁出现裂纹的决定因素;复温初始阶段拉应力的出现才是导致血管内外壁出现裂纹的真正因素;分步复温实质上并非是缓解或者减少热应力,而是复温至某个温度区间,在血管弹性恢复至一定程度后,使其得以安全承受原本在脆性温区内不能承受的拉应力. 相似文献
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《Ceramics International》2022,48(9):12098-12111
The building sector is focused on adopting passive design strategies to reduce the energy needs of the building envelope. Currently there has been lack of research related to the understanding of thermal and energy efficiency performance of foamed geopolymer based material. In this regard, this research provides a solution of thermally efficient wall material developed from copper industry by-product (copper slag). All the performance criteria (i.e. physical, mechanical and thermal) of the developed foamed copper slag geopolymer (FCSG) blocks as a building block was found to be in compliance with the performance of standard commercial product (i.e., autoclave aerated block). Further, the numerical analysis of the developed FCSG material is performed and the conjugate heat transfer through three different solid-wall zones to the fluid domain is perceived. The incompressible conjugate heat transfer solver is developed in the open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool OpenFOAM to perform the present numerical analysis. It is noted that the temperature in the fluid zone for the FCSG layer attained less than 300 (K) however, for the red clay bricks it reaches 302 (K). Hence, the thermal efficiency of the FCSG incorporated insulation layer reduces the heat transmission from outdoor to indoor, consequently improving the comfortable environment of occupants. Further, the developed blocks were subjected to simulation study using eQuest tool to understand the influence of its thermal characteristics on energy demands. The study found that the yearly energy savings was found to be 7.5% in comparison to commercially available clay bricks. Also, the cost savings can reach up to 8.94% during the peak summer month and 7.4% annually. Thus, the developed blocks emphasize waste utilization, providing better indoor thermal for occupant and energy efficiency benefits for end-users. Thus, achieving overall sustainability as a building envelope component. 相似文献