麦草NaOH-AQ浆短程序TCF漂白的研究

对麦草NaOH-AQ浆短程序（OpQPo）TCF漂白工艺进行了研究。结果表明，H2O2化氧脱木素段（Op）的最佳工艺条件为：浆浓10，H2O2,0.5％，MgSO4 0.5％，用碱量4％，氧压0.6MPa,，温度100℃，时间60～90min；EDTA螯合处理（Q）的适宜工艺条件为：浆浓10％，EDTA用量0.3％，初始pH值3，温度70℃，时间60min；高温高压H2O2漂白（P0）的最适宜工艺条件为：浆浓10％，MgSO4 0.5％，Na2SiO3用量3％，NaOH用量为3％，氧压1．1MPa,，漂白温度110℃，H2O2用量3％，时间60min。在优化条件下，漂终白度达80．2％ISO。     

应用硅胶提高啤酒非生物稳定性的研究

硅胶具有多孔结构，可把蛋白质混浊的前驱体（形成蛋白质一多酚混浊）从啤酒中吸附出来，进而提高啤酒的保质期。硅胶主要有水硅胶和干硅胶两种。本公司主要进行了应用干硅胶提高啤酒的非生物稳定性的研究。l试验材料（l）BECOSORB1000稳定剂（德国BECO公司出品）怔）BG－6（St－PR00F纯硅胶）（美国SCM产品）（3）待过滤锥形罐啤酒液；2试验方法及条件问）硅胶作为助滤吸附剂；幢）选用同期酒基进行生产性对比试验；（3）预涂结束在配比罐添加硅藻土及硅胶，再加水搅拌均匀，过滤中用计量泵按比例加人；（4）添加量依次为100PPm…     

用硫化钠预处理提高过氧化物漂白纸浆效果

加拿大专利NO2215855提供了活化增白纸浆的方法。在纸浆漂白前或增白纸浆时，需要采用化学品例如硫化钠（Na2S）处理。用1％～3％Na2S与中浓浆料混合均匀，加热到60℃，保持30～90min，再经酸化和洗涤（如果可能的话先浓缩至浆浓20％～30％）。Na2S预处理浆料后在较高的温度和pH值下，采用传统的碱性过氧化物（H2O2）漂白，能加速漂白反应。     

澄清助剂对黄酒成分与酒体稳定性的影响

引起黄酒沉淀的主要因素有蛋白质、单宁与铁以及外部条件如温度、氧气等。吸附酒体蛋白质比较有效的助剂有单宁酸（去除率为52．8％）、卡拉胶（去除率为33．5％）和浙1号硅胶（去除率为33．2％）；对多酚类物质有较大吸附作用的助剂有德国硅胶（去除率为4.33％）、PVPP（去除率为3．82％）和皂土（去除率为3．89％）；对酒体热稳定性产生较大作用的助剂有卡拉胶、美国硅胶和活性炭。（孙悟）     

马尾松毛虫蛹壳中甲壳素的提取研究

从化害为宝的角度，对马尾松毛虫“蛹壳”中的甲壳素进行了提取研究。结果表明，“虫蛹壳”中甲壳素提取的最佳条件为：（1）脱矿物质：盐酸浓度为5％，处理温度为28℃，处理时间为20h；（2）脱有机物质：NaOH浓度为6％。处理温度为70℃，处理时间为10h；（3）脱色：H2O2浓度为11％，处理时间为2．5h，处理温度为85℃。在此条件下所得甲壳素产品为白色片状固体，其水分含量为8．23％，灰分为0．99％，含氮量为6．84％。所得甲壳素产品达到食品级甲壳素标准。     

马尾松CTMP过氧化氢漂白工艺优化研究

探讨了马尾松化学热磨机械浆（CTMP）过氧化氢漂白的各种影响因素。经优化后的漂白工艺条件为：H2O2 4％（质量分数，下同）；浆浓15％；NaOH4％；Na2SiO3 3％；MgSO4 0．05％；乙二胺四乙酸二钠（EDTA）0．5％；漂白温度75℃；漂白时间1．5h。此时，漂浆白度可达到65．3％ISO，且纸浆的抗张指数和撕裂指数分别提高了75％和50．8％，能够满足配抄新闻纸或普通文化用纸的要求。     

H2O2在OCC纸浆轻度漂白过程中的应用研究

该文就H2O2在旧瓦楞纸箱（OCC）纸浆轻度漂白过程中的相关工艺参数对纸浆光学性能的影响进行了优化研究。结果表明,影响OCC纸浆H2O2漂白的主要因素是H2O2用量,其次是处理温度和处理时间,浆浓对漂白效果的影响程度最小。H2O2漂白过程的最佳工艺条件是：w（H2O2）=1％（对绝干浆,下同）,m（H2O2）：m（NaOH）=1：0．6,w（浆浓）=12％,漂白温度为70℃,漂白时间为60min,w（Na2SiO3）=3％,w（MgSO4）=0．5％。在最佳处理条件下,漂后纸浆的亮度值可达到73．61（CIE L^＊）,较OCC未漂浆提高了7．68个单位。     

Fenton和光-Fenton反应处理二次纤维制浆废水的研究

采用高效节能的Fenton和光-Fenton技术对二次纤维制浆废水的处理进行对比研究。结果表明，Fenton和光-Fenton技术处理该废水非常有效，在最佳实验条件下（Feton试剂最佳物质的量比为10：1、H2O2用量1678．75mg/L、温度为30％、Fenton和光-Fenton反应体系的最佳pH值分别为2.8和3．0），经过90min的反应。可使二次纤维制浆废水的最大吸光度降低约92％和99％，并可去除87％和95％的CODm减小Fenton试剂比可加快有机物的降解速率；增加H202用量可以增加有机物的降解程度；根据废水C0DG2值计算得到的H2O2理论投加量可以满足降解废水中有机物的需求；光照可提高最佳pH值，显著提高较高pH值体系的有机物降解速率和废水处理效果；光源和光照强度不同，有机物的降解程度不同。     

薄层扫描法测定罗汉果糖苷(Ⅴ)含量的研究

建立了采用薄层扫描法测定罗汉果糖苷（V）含量的方法。点样于硅胶G板上，以正丁醇-乙醇-水（8；2：3）为展开剂,10％硫酸乙醇显色，单波长反射法锯齿扫描，λ=500nm。结果表明，罗汉果糖苷（V）在2．0～16．0μg范围内具有良好的线性关系，r=0.9921，平均回收率为97.62％，RSD为2．59％（n=4）。该法简便快速、准确灵敏，可用于罗汉果糖苷量产质量监控。     

BIVIS法制浆

近年来，法国造纸技术中心与两家造纸公司，共同开发了BIVIS法制浆。该方法是利用BIVIS挤压机使木片纤维高解并与亚硫酸钠、硼氧化钠等化学药剂良好混合进行破化反应，然后通过H2O2，漂白剂制取高白度化学热磨机械浆。该装置主要包括串联两台BIVIS机和一台双盘磨（如图）。它的特点是：（1）木片用DTPA预处理和洗涤；（2）在含有还原介质中用亚硫酸钠液浸渍以后在缺少空气条件下，在100℃以上温度加热3～30分钟；（3）在碱性介质中用H2O2。漂白和洗涤磺化浆。最有效的还原剂是破液中的硼氢化钠，即用含12％硼氢化钠及40％的烧碱，…     

液体发酵竹红菌素的提取与表征

利用竹黄无性型菌株ZH-5-1进行液体深层发酵制备竹红菌素,利用正交试验设计优化了提取工艺,并使用萃取及硅胶柱色谱技术进行了分离纯化。结果表明,以丙酮为提取溶剂、料液比为1∶30（m/V）、于30 ℃温度条件下超声浸提30 min时,菌株ZH-5-1液体深层发酵菌丝体中竹红菌素的提取率最高达4.83 mg/g;竹红菌素提取液经萃取分离获得紫红色结晶,该晶体经过薄层层析法及高效液相色谱法分析确定为纯品,质谱分析后发现其分子式为C30H26O10,确定为竹红菌甲素,经统计分析发现其纯度达到98.20%。     

MCM-41分子筛催化D-葡萄糖酸制备D-葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯的研究

以MCM-41分子筛为催化剂,由D-葡萄糖酸制备D-葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯.考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量以及催化剂循环使用次数对D-葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯产率的影响.实验结果表明,MCM-41是制备D-葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯较好的催化剂.最佳工艺条件为:催化剂用量为30%,反应温度80℃,反应时间2h,D-葡萄糖酸-δ-内...     

Separation of phospholipids from hen egg yolk by short packed silica gel column chromatography

Short packed silica gel column chromatography has been performed to optimize the production of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) from hen egg yolk with very low or no toxic solvents. The effects of silica type, sample loading amount, dimension of the glass chromatotube, and mobile phase compositions were investigated and high separation efficiency was achieved: gradient elution as 200 mL ethanol followed by 300 mL 95% ethanol to fractionate PE and PC after neutral lipids (NL) removed by 120 mL ethyl acetate, 40 mm silica gel (54 to 74 μm) bed height of the chromatotube with 22 mm inner dia (ID), and 0.25 g sample loading amount. By this procedure, 3.69 g PE and 2.88 g PC per 100 g egg yolk lipids were obtained, respectively. The refined PE and PC were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) with purity over 96%. The fatty acids in egg yolk revealed that PE and PC characterized higher ratios of n- 6/n- 3 (PE, 7.41; PC, 8.99). 18:2 n- 6 of PC (15.21%) predominated over PE (10.29%), whereas the level of 20:4 n- 6 of PC (8.78%) was lower than PE (15.67%).     

Development of regenerable MgO-based sorbent promoted with K2CO3 for CO2 capture at low temperatures

To improve their CO2 absorption capacity, alkali-based sorbents prepared by impregnation and wet mixing method of potassium carbonate on supports such as activated carbon and MgO (KACI30, KACP30, KMgI30, and KMgP30), were investigated in a fixed bed reactor (C02 absorption at 50-100 degrees C and regeneration at 150-400 degrees C). Total CO2 capture capacities of KMgI30-500 and KMgP30-500 were 178.6 and 197.6 mg CO2/g sorbent, respectively, in the presence of 11 vol % H2O even at 50 degrees C. The large amount of CO2 capture capacity of KMgP30-500 and KMgI30-500 could be explained by the fact that MgO itself, as well as K2CO3, could absorb CO2 in the presence of water vapor even at low temperatures. In particular, water vapor plays an important role in the CO2 absorption of MgO and KMgI30-500 even at low temperatures below 60 degrees C, in marked contrast to MgO and CaO which can absorb CO2 at high temperatures. The CO2 capture capacity of the KMgI30-300 sorbent, however, was less than that of KMgI30-500 due to the formation of Mg(OH)2 which did not absorb CO2. MgO based-sorbents promoted with K2CO3 after CO2 absorption formed new structures such as K2Mg(CO3)2 and K2Mg(CO3)2 x 4(H2O), unlike KACI30 which showed only the KHCO3 crystal structure. The new Mg-based sorbents promoted with K2CO3 showed excellent characteristics in that it could satisfy a large amount of CO2 absorption at low temperatures, a high CO2 absorption rate, and fast and complete regeneration.     

分子筛型与KG型复合添加剂对焊丝化学镀铜质量影响

以φ1.2 mm H08Mn2Si钢丝为原料,添加不同成分的添加剂进行化学镀铜,比较镀铜的颜色,光亮度和结合力.实验证实:(1)在较低含量的分子筛添加剂基础上,为提高铜层光亮度而添加KG添加剂存在一个饱和值0.25％(体积分数);(2)铜层颜色与分子筛添加剂含量关系不明显,却会因KG添加剂含量增加而颜色变白变浅;(3)...     

食品包装用吸湿剂的研究进展

食品包装用吸湿剂作为食品流通过程中的重要组成部分, 在防止食品受潮变质, 延长食品保质期, 保留食品的口感和风味方面起着关键作用。本文综述了目前在食品中常用的4种包装用吸湿剂, 包括生石灰吸湿剂、蒙脱石吸湿剂、硅胶吸湿剂和氯化钙吸湿剂。其中, 生石灰吸湿剂吸湿能力与外界空气的湿度高低无关、价格低廉, 但存在安全隐患; 蒙脱石吸湿剂空气湿度较低时吸湿能力较强、绿色环保、无毒无味、价格低廉, 但在空气湿度高时吸湿能力下降、吸湿时伴有体积的膨胀; 硅胶吸湿剂吸湿性能好、无毒无味、化学性质稳定, 但其成本高、吸附大量水后易破裂, 且再生温度高, 难降解; 氯化钙吸湿剂吸湿性能好、价格低廉, 但吸湿后易液解成溶液。此外, 还列举了纤维吸湿剂、复合吸湿剂、高吸水树脂吸湿剂和其他新型材料吸湿剂, 展开介绍了这些新型吸湿剂的优势和一些食品包装用吸湿剂研究新技术。目前食品包装用吸湿剂研究热点主也要集中在2个方面: 高吸湿性能且低成本食品吸湿剂的研发和高环保、低污染、低浪费的生产工艺的研发。     

Development of cost-effective noncarbon sorbents for Hg(0) removal from coal-fired power plants

Noncarbonaceous materials or mineral oxides (silica gel, alumina, molecular sieves, zeolites, and montmorillonite) were modified with various functional groups such as amine, amide, thiol, urea, and active additives such as elemental sulfur, sodium sulfide, and sodium polysulfide to examine their potential as sorbents for the removal of elemental mercury (Hg(0)) vapor at coal-fired utility power plants. A number of sorbent candidates such as amine- silica gel, urea- silica gel, thiol- silica gel, amide-silica gel, sulfur-alumina, sulfur-molecular sieve, sulfur-montmorillonite, sodium sulfide-montmorillonite, and sodium polysulfide-montmorillonite, were synthesized and tested in a lab-scale fixed-bed system under an argon flow for screening purposes at 70 degrees C and/or 140 degrees C. Several functionalized silica materials reported in previous studies to effectively control heavy metals in the aqueous phase showed insignificant adsorption capacities for Hg(0) control in the gas phase, suggesting that mercury removal mechanisms in both phases are different. Among elemental sulfur-, sodium sulfide-, and sodium polysulfide-impregnated inorganic samples, sodium polysulfide-impregnated montmorillonite K 10 showed a moderate adsorption capacity at 70 degrees C, which can be used for sorbent injection prior to the wet FGD system.     

Efficient recovery of CO2 from flue gas by clathrate hydrate formation in porous silica gels

Thermodynamic measurements and NMR spectroscopic analysis were used to show that it is possible to recover CO2 from flue gas by forming a mixed hydrate that removes CO2 preferentially from CO2/N2 gas mixtures using water dispersed in the pores of silica gel. Kinetic studies with 1H NMR microimaging showed that the dispersed water in the silica gel pore system reacts readily with the gas, thus obviating the need for a stirred reactor and excess water. Hydrate phase equilibria for the ternary CO2-N2-water system in silica gel pores were measured, which show that the three-phase hydrate-water-rich liquid-vapor equilibrium curves were shifted to higher pressures at a specific temperature when the concentration of CO2 in the vapor phase decreased. 13C cross-polarization NMR spectral analysis and direct measurement of the CO2 content in the hydrate phase suggested that the mixed hydrate is structure I at gas compositions of more than 10 mol % CO2, and that the CO2 molecules occupy mainly the more abundant 5(12)6(2) cages. This makes it possible to achieve concentrations of more than 96 mol % CO2 gas in the product after three cycles of hydrate formation and dissociation. 1H NMR microimaging showed that hydrate yields of better than 85%, based on the amount of water, could be obtained in 1 h when a steady state was reached, although approximately 90% of this yield was achieved after approximately 20 min of reaction time.     

栀子黄色素标准品藏红花素的制备

用栀子果实为原料,采用大孔吸附树脂法联合硅胶层析法精制栀子黄色素的标准品藏红花素。其栀子黄色素树脂精制条件:吸附条件为树脂30 mL,栀子黄色素提取液上样量300 mL;吸附流速1.5 mL/min;洗脱条件为提取液杂质洗脱乙醇体积分数30%,洗脱体积150 mL;栀子黄色素洗脱乙醇体积分数50%,洗脱体积150 mL;在此条件下可制得色价≥300,OD值0.4的桅子黄色素,并用其硅胶层析精制藏红花素。硅胶柱层析条件,洗脱流动相:V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(甲醇)∶V(水)=10∶2∶1;V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(甲醇)∶V(水)=10∶3∶1,进行梯度洗脱制取藏红花素。栀子黄色素提取液经过分离纯化,红外光谱、质谱测定,确定为藏红花素的结构,经高效液相色谱检测,藏红花素的纯度达98%。     

Selective solid-phase extraction using molecular imprinted polymer for the analysis of diethylstilbestrol

A simple imprinted amino-functionalized silica gel material was synthesized by combining a surface molecular imprinting technique with a sol–gel process for solid-phase extraction–high performance liquid chromatography (SPE–HPLC) determination of diethylstilbestrol (DES). Activated silica gel was used as the supporter and non-imprinted silica sorbent was synthesized without the addition of DES using the same procedure as that of DES-imprinted silica sorbent. Compared with non-imprinted polymer particles, the prepared DES-imprinted silica sorbent showed high adsorption capacity, significant selectivity, good site accessibility and fast binding kinetics for DES. The maximum static adsorption capacity of the DES-imprinted and non-imprinted silica sorbent for DES was 62.58 mg g⁻¹ and 19.89 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The relatively selective factor value of this DES-imprinted silica sorbent was 61.7 at the level of 50 mg L⁻¹. And the uptake kinetics was fairly rapid so that the adsorbent equilibrium was achieved within 10 min. Furthermore, the DES-imprinted polymers were used as the sorbent in solid-phase extraction to determine DES in fish samples. The MIP–SPE–HPLC method showed higher selectivity and good recoveries higher than 87.5% (R.S.D. 11.6%).