光敏丝室探测器PET的数据快速读出系统

本文介绍为光敏丝室探测器ＰＥＴ而设计的数据快速读出ＶＭＥ插件的结构和原理,我们成功地应用了多级缓冲技术,多段流水线作业以及数字信号处理技术。ＰＲＯ读取一个正电子漂灭事例数据仅用５４０ｎｓ,ＰＲＯ的平均数据处理能力达２００ｋ－ｅｖｅｎｔｓ／ｓ。     

同步辐射丝扫描连续采样测量系统设计

为提高同步辐射丝扫描探测器的测量分辨率,设计了连续采样测量系统。该系统采用了扫描丝匀速运动、电子学连续采样的新工作方式,可获得更好的分辨率,提高采样率与降低扫描速度可提高光束中心位置的测量分辨率,降低扫描速度可提高光斑大小的测量分辨率,并可根据实验结果方便地确定特定分辨率要求下的采样率和扫描速度等参数的取值,对丝扫描的设计和使用提供了极大的便利。     

A Wire Spark Chamber Spectrometer with a Capacitor Memory and FET Readout

A 20-plane wire chamber spectrometer utilizing capacitors as memory elements and suitable for operation in a magnetic field is described. The (parallel) wire planes are separated by 1 cm. The active areas of the chambers range in size from 120 × 120 cm2 to 200 × 240 cm2. The wire separation is 1 mm. Each readout wire is connected to a separate capacitor resulting in a 30 K-bit memory for the total system. Using FET's as gates, the capacitors are read out in 32 bit words. These words are formatted into data sets of 18 bits/spark and transferred to a PDP-9 computer. Digital processing of data is briefly described, including the computer interface and test procedures. Advantages of this system are discussed together with some performance characteristics.     

An integrated architecture for the ITER RH control system

The ITER remote handling (RH) system has been divided into 7 major equipment system procurements that deliver complete systems (operator interfaces, equipment controllers, and equipment) according to task oriented functional specifications. Each equipment system itself is an assembly of transporters, power manipulators, telemanipulators, vehicular systems, cameras, and tooling with a need for controllers and operator interfaces.From an operational perspective, the ITER RH systems are bound together by common control rooms, operations team, and maintenance team; and will need to achieve, to a varying degree, synchronization of operations, co-operation on tasks, hand-over of components, and sharing of data and resources. The separately procured RH systems must, therefore, be integrated to form a unified RH system for operation from the RH control rooms.The RH system will contain a heterogeneous mix of specially developed RH systems and off-the-shelf RH equipment and parts. The ITER Organization approach is to define a control system architecture that supports interoperable heterogeneous modules, and to specify a standard set of modules for each system to implement within this architecture. Compatibility with standard parts for selected modules is required to limit the complexity for operations and maintenance. A key requirement for integrating the control system modules is interoperability, and no module should have dependencies on the implementation details of other modules.The RH system is one of the ITER Plant systems that are integrated and coordinated through the hierarchical structure of the ITER CODAC system. It is distinguished from other Plant systems by the man-in-the-loop nature of RH operations and the need for control rooms at a level below the main control room. The RH control system architecture has been designed to also support the central monitoring and coordination of the RH activities.     

Software integration for monitoring systems with high flexibility

A new scheme of software integration methodology is applied to the implementation of a neural-network-based real-time monitoring aid system. In this scheme, the data communication between modules is established by means of connecting a standard I/O stream of a module to that of another. The methodology enables easy coupling of software modules with the least modifications of existing source code, and it can make distributed software systems highly flexible, portable and testable.     

MIDAS: A Multilevel Interactive Data Acquisition System

A system is described for using a medium scale computer in real time data acquisition, analysis, and control of high-energy physics experiments utilizing wire spark chambers.     

The Application of a Digital Computer to the Control and Monitoring of a Proton Linear Accelerator

Preliminary design studies have been carried out on the control system for an 800-Mev proton linear accelerator based on the use of an on-line digital computer as the main controlling element. The accelerator system is divided into fifty-two subsections or modules. A module has complete control of all the equipment associated with it. Selected data and monitoring signals are transmitted on a time-shared basis to a central control computer. The functions which the computer performs in the control of the accelerator may be classified into Operational Control, Operational Supervision, and Data Monitoring and Handling. The operator gives instructions to the computer through interrupt lines. Commands to the modules and displays for the operator time-share a common channel in the computer output system. Synchronization of the input and output data flow is controlled by the computer through a timing unit. A comparison has been made of the computer-based control system with a possible alternate system which does not use a computer. The computer replaces much of the control and data handling equipment required by the alternate system. As a result, the costs of the two systems are comparable. However, the computer-based system is preferable since it has many functional advantages over the alternate system.     

CAMAC插件自动测试系统的软件设计

介绍了CAMAC插件自动测试系统软件的设计，该系统能对5种CAMAC插件功能进行自动测试，操作方便可靠，MS-Windows人机图形界面显著，而且还能对5种之外的CAMAC插件进行手动功能测试。     

The PAN-DA data acquisition system

The VAXONLINE data acquisition package has been extended to include a VME-based data path. The resulting environment, PAN-DA, provides a high throughput for logging, filtering, formatting, and selecting events. The authors describe the history and rationale of the system, the VME hardware modules, PAN-DA systems coordination, and system connectivity     

Multiprocessor data acquisition system for high event rates at theHeidelberg/Darmstadt crystal ball

The Heidelberg/Darmstadt crystal ball detector uses a distributed data acquisition system consisting of a FASTBUS/CAMAC front-end, the Heidelberg Polyp multiprocessor system with thirty processor modules, and an online VAX. For this heterogeneous multicomputer system a distributed real-time operating system, which allows for even rates up to 2×10⁴ events/s, was developed. It is managed user-transparently and fault-tolerantly. An overview of the system is given. The operating system is discussed, covering its general organization, event management, and control and communication. The data acquisition software is described     

多路背散射穆斯堡尔谱仪

多路背散射穆斯堡尔谱仪包括多丝正比室、多路数据获取和处理系统(包含有多路前放和数字单道、多路数据获取单元、控制微机和图像显示器)。该谱仪具有高的几何效率,可实时数据采集和处理,可以同时获取几个来自不同深度和方向的信息。     

基于FELIX的微结构气体探测器读出电子学系统设计

微结构气体探测器因其精度高、面积大等优点,在粒子物理实验中得到了非常广泛的应用。微结构气体探测器的未来应用将面临ASIC种类多、通道数多、数据量大等问题,给读出电子学系统的设计带来了很大的挑战,已成为微结构气体探测器进一步发展应用的瓶颈。FELIX系统具有数据带宽大、通道数多等特点,可很好解决这一问题。基于FELIX的电子学系统由完成探测器信号数字化的前端电子学模块、完成数据汇总的GBT模块、完成数据读出的FELIX系统、完成数据处理的数据处理终端组成,可完成10 240路半数字通道读出或4 096路模拟通道读出。该系统与Micromegas探测器一起实现宇宙线径迹探测,验证了该系统的通用性和兼容性,为微结构气体探测器的应用需求提供了一个通用的解决方案。     

辐射监控门系统研制

辐射监控门系统采用功能模块的设计思路,将整个系统设计为辐射探测模块、控制模块、机械模块和选用模块、每个模块完成独立的功能。该系统有效集成了辐射检测技术和门禁控制技术,是一种高灵敏度的出入口辐射检测设备,有望为国家核安全事业提供技术支持。     

Digitized Spark Chamber for Space Science Experiments

A digitized spark chamber has been developed for gamma-ray and charged particle experiments on balloons and satellites. The spark chamber is assembled from modular units, which are stacked to the desired number of levels. Each module consists of parallel spark planes formed from two orthogonal wire grids. Ferrite memory cores, strung on the wires of both grids, record the X-Y coordinate of the spark. Factors affecting the operating characteristics of these modules are discussed. A gamma-ray detector of 32 module levels has been assembled and balloon-flown in a search for cosmic gamma-ray point sources. The construction of this detector is described and its performance briefly discussed.     

基于TKO－CAMAC的羊八井EAS阵列数据采集系统

本义介绍一个基于ＴＫＯ－ＣＡＭＡＣ数据采集系统，该系统采集坐落在西藏羊八井的广延空气簇射阵列数据，它是由ＴＫＯ－ＡＭＡＣ系列插件和ＰＣ－３８６微机组成。除此以外，它还包括一个激光标定检测系统及由原子钟和ＧＰＳ（全球定位系统）组成的定时系统。     

高速串行数据通信VME插件的研制

点对点高速串行数据传输是实现开关型多路并行事例组装器的关键之一，介绍了一种高速串行数据通信VME插件的研制，采用数据传输率为160－330Mbit/s的标准HOTLink器件来实现串行数据通信，实测最大数据传输率达到400Mbit/s，误码率小于10^-10。     

An expert diagnostic system for the MACRO experiment at the GranSasso Laboratory

The maintenance of the MACRO (a Monopoles, Astrophysics and Cosmic Ray Observatory), a large-area detector that will be used to search for rare constituents or phenomena in cosmic radiation penetrating deep underground, is addressed. A real-time expert system for diagnosing detector and data acquisition system anomalies, which is based on the NEXPERT commercial tool, is described. It performs online diagnosis and, if an abnormal condition is identified, takes the appropriate action to reduce the unavailability of the apparatus. The data acquisition system is CAMAC-based, and the sensor modules, which gather the significant values for diagnosis, are implemented in the VME crate     

多路穆斯堡尔谱数据获取与处理系统

本文叙述了一个以BC3-80微型计算机为基础,通过一个以Z80-CPU为中心的控制机与8个带有存贮器的数据获取通道组成的多路数据获取与处理系统。这个系统除能对8个通道的数据进行数据获取外,同时可以对其进行显示、保存和数据处理。它与穆斯堡尔谱仪部件相接,构成一个恒加速穆斯堡尔谱仪系统。 这个系统配上高计数率多丝正比室,可以使穆斯堡尔谱的探测效率大大提高。多丝室中的每根丝的信号分别通过各自的放大器、单道分析器,由相应的数据通道记录下来,然后由微机进行相加和处理。另一方面,这个系统还可以利用不同的通道同时测出样品的透射谱和散射谱,同时得到样品的内部和表面信息。     

A new TOF system for target recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy at IMP

A high resolution time measurement system with high data transfer rate was designed for the COLTRIMS (Cold Target Recoil-Ion Momentum Spectroscopy) system in Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.It is used to measure the Time of Flight(TOF) with a high resolution for all 20 channels.Based on the PCI Extensions for Instrumentation(PXI) standard,the readout electronics system consists of one Clock-Trigger fan-out module and four TOF modules.Test results show that the system meets the demands of COLTRIMS,with a time resolution of better than 25 ps and a data transfer rate over 20 MB/s.