番茄牛肉条方便食品的研制

以牛肉、番茄酱为主要原料,研究了番茄牛肉条方便食品的工艺和配方。对食盐添加量、白砂糖添加量、煮制时间、番茄酱添加量等影响因素进行研究,通过正交实验确定最佳工艺参数,得到最佳工艺条件为:食盐添加量2%,白砂糖添加量1.9%,煮制时间55min,番茄酱添加量17%。     

藏香猪白切肉加工研究

藏猪白切肉是一种通过腌制、浸泡、煮制而成的能体现藏香猪自身特有香味和滋味的特色产品。实验研究通过正交试验和单因素试验依次确定了白切肉加工过程中腌制肉时食盐、八角、陈皮、亚硝酸钠的添加量和煮制前浸泡腌肉的的时间及煮制时间。结果发现:以藏猪的臀部肉为原料,当食盐、八角、陈皮、亚硝酸盐的添加比例分别为6%,0.9%,0.6%,0.03%;浸泡时间为8h;煮制时间为9min时,所得的产品在色泽、滋味、香味、质地上表现的最佳。     

响应面法优化青豆复合鸡肉香肠的工艺条件

应用响应面法对青豆复合鸡肉香肠进行工艺优化,通过单因素试验初步确定,以食盐添加量、腌制时间、青豆添加量为自变量,以亚硝酸盐残留量为响应值,进行Box-Behnken试验设计,并构建二次回归方程。结果表明:最佳工艺条件为食盐添加量2.54%、腌制时间36 h、青豆添加量10.84%,此时亚硝酸盐残留量最低,香肠整体色泽、口感最佳。     

调理鸡肉制品的加工条件对鸡肉质地的影响

以鸡胸肉为原料,通过研究鸡肉的加工条件(切片厚度、食盐添加量、磷酸盐添加量以及腌制、滚揉和热处理三段时间)对鸡肉剪切力、韧性和蒸煮损失率的影响,筛选出最佳鸡肉质地的加工条件。在单因素试验基础上进行正交试验考察磷酸盐添加量、腌制时间、滚揉时间和热处理时间对鸡肉的协同作用。结果表明:鸡肉的最优加工条件为鸡肉片厚度8 mm、腌制液(啤酒)中食盐添加量0.1%、磷酸盐添加量0.1%、腌制处理时间60 min;滚揉中食盐添加量1.5%、滚揉时间15 min、热处理时间8 min。鸡肉剪切力、韧性和蒸煮损失率分别为2230.10g、10 503.88g·s和5.33%。     

响应面法优化猪骨汤制备工艺

在高温高压加热的条件下,研究煮制温度、煮制时间及食盐添加量对猪骨汤感官品质和营养成分的影响,得到最佳猪骨汤制备工艺。采用单因素方差分析,以猪骨汤的感官评分、可溶性蛋白含量和可溶性固形物含量作为评价指标,确定最佳水平。采用响应面试验设计多项式回归方程模型,得出最佳制备工艺：煮制温度113℃、煮制时间53 min、食盐添加量1.0%。在此工艺条件下,猪骨汤的感官评分为89、可溶性固形物含量为3.7 g/100 g、可溶性蛋白含量为8.53 mg/mL,与理论值相符。     

腌制条件对咸肉色泽的影响

探讨腌制条件对咸肉色泽的影响。通过对影响咸肉色泽的因素进行研究,以a*值、b*值、L*值为指标,初步得出影响产品复水率的各因子(食盐添加量、腌制温度和腌制时间)最佳取值范围。结论如下:食盐添加量为17%,腌制温度为16℃,腌制时间为25d。     

蜜汁猪肉卷的研制

以猪五花肉为主要原料,采用腌制及高温煮制的加工方法,对蜜汁猪肉卷的配方和加工工艺进行研究。通过预试验,确定了主要影响因素为白砂糖添加量、食盐添加量、酱油添加量、黄酒添加量。采用正交试验确定了蜜汁猪肉卷的最佳工艺条件,并对各主要因素对产品感官质量影响进行讨论。试验结果表明,原辅料添加量的最佳配比为:五花肉100g,白砂糖12g,食盐1.5g,酱油5g,黄酒4g。     

基于响应曲面法的糟鲫鱼腌制工艺优化

采用响应曲面法(RSM)研究食盐添加量、腌制温度、腌制时间对鲫鱼腌制效果的影响,建立腌鲫鱼含盐量的二次多项数学模型,并验证模型的有效性.得出优化的腌制工艺条件为:食盐添加量8.86%,腌制温度11.92℃,腌制时间15.94 h,所得腌鱼含盐量为6.09%.     

淮扬捆蹄加工工艺的研究

利用现代肉制品加工工艺和保藏技术,对传统捆蹄加工工艺进行优化。在腌制食盐用量、绵白糖用量、腌制时间和煮制时间4个单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验得出淮扬捆蹄制作的最佳工艺:腌制食盐用量为4%、绵白糖用量为2%、腌制时间为20h以及蒸煮时间为50min,在此条件下可制成皮酥肉嫩、鲜香可口、风味独特的即食类酱卤肉制品——淮扬捆蹄。     

即食皱纹盘鲍腌制配方及食盐渗透规律

利用皱纹盘鲍生产即食食品,运用感官模糊综合评判法确定最佳腌制配方,并对腌制过程不同温度条件下食盐渗透规律进行了研究.正交实验结果表明,最佳腌制配方为食盐添加量5％,白糖添加量9％,味精添加量1％,食醋0.15％,此腌制配方所得即食皱纹盘鲍风味、质地、色泽均较好.按照最佳腌制配方,通过对不同温度下(30、40、50℃)腌制过程中食盐渗透量的数据进行拟合,得到相关方程,温度越高渗透速度常数越高;30、40、50℃渗透速度常数分别为0.6224、0.7431、0.8777;要得到食盐含量3.8％的鲍鱼,在最佳腌制配方的腌制溶液中的腌制条件为:30℃-3.78h、40℃-2.95h、50℃-1.99h.本研究为合理控制即食鲍鱼的加工时间及其扩大化工业生产提供一定的基础.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press