H.264整数DCT的硬件实现

该文在分析了H.264整数DCT（Discrete Cosine Transform）变换原理的基础上,介绍了一种实现4×4前向整数变换的新算法。该算法较多地运用了矩阵运算,与传统的将一个二维DCT变换转变为两个一维DCT变换相比,省略了转置模块,降低了时钟延时,减少了资源占用,更利于达到基于H.264的视频信号处理的性能要求。根据新的算法编写了verilog程序并在QuartusⅡ8.0软件中进行了仿真并得出结果。     

AVC/H.264整数离散余弦变换及反变换的结构设计

根据AVC/H.264标准中提出的整数离散余弦变换(DCT)及其反变换(iDCT)算法,旨在给出一种能够同时实现4×4,8×8 DCT/IdCT和Hadamard变换的设计方法.设计中充分利用DCT和iDCT的相似性和算法对称性,用高度并行结构来加快处理速度.采用一维DCT/iDCT单元复用的方式实现二维DCT/iDCT运算,同时提出实现设计的全定制实现方法,对全定制实现此设计进行初步布局规划.     

一种高性能的H.264变换编码IP设计

H.264是ITU与ISO联合共同开发的具有高编码效率、高压缩质量的视频新标准.H.264采用了4×4 块的无乘法整数变换编码算法,有效地降低了编解码的运算量,且避免了反变换的误匹配问题.文章通过详细分析H.264的整数DCT变换及Hardmard变换的算法,提出了一种高性能的变换编码的硬件IP设计,通过Modlesim仿真和DC综合能较好地达到预先设计要求.     

H．264／AVC中的整数变换与DCT变换的比较

数字视频技术在通信和广播领域获得了日益广泛的应用,视频信息和多媒体信息在网络中的处理和传输成为当前我国信息化中的热点技术。运动图像专家组和视频编码专家组给出一种更好的标准,确定为MPEG-4标准的第十部分,即H.264/AVC。简述H.264的研究意义及DCT的原理。为了减少运算量,分析H.264中如何对宏块的整数变换,详述H.264的编码变换的方法,给出整数变换方法与传统的DCT的区别和联系,并给出H.264的整数变换方法的快速算法即蝶形算法,这与传统的DCT变换是不同的。     

基于TMS320C64x DSP的H.264整数变换快速实现方法

基于4×4块的整数变换是H.264的技术亮点之一,介绍了4×4整数变换原理及一种整数变换的快速实现算法.在此基础上提出了一种基于TMS320C64x DSP的整数变换快速实现方法,并着重论述了如何对其进行并行汇编优化,以提高指令的并行度,达到提高程序执行效率的目的,从而提高硬件的可实现性.     

H.264变换编码及量化策略分析

H.264采用4×4的整数变换替代通用的8×8DCT变换.并将其融合在量化过程中,有效降低了变换算法的复杂度和运算量.避免了逆变换的失配问题.对H.264变换编码及量化策略进行了详细的分析,给出了其具体的实现过程.     

H.264中的整数DCT及其蝶形算法

H.264是应用非常广泛的视频图像编码标准.其频域图像预处理采用的是基于4×4图像块的整数DCT.研究了如何由4×4浮点DCT得到4×4整数DCT,并设计了4×4整数DCT的蝶形算法,比较了蝶形算法与普通算法的运算量.     

基于H.264标准的一种新颖的DCT硬件实现

H.264是新一代视频编码标准,具有很好的视频压缩性能.H.264的DCT变换是一种4×4的整数变换,适用于专用集成电路的硬件实现.采用一种新颖的实现方法,利用4-2压缩器和超前进位加法器来代替传统的加法,提高了运算速度.     

“类整数DCT”变换快速并行算法的硬件实现

在分析"类整数DCT"变换基生成规则及其优越综合性能的基础上,设计了一种基于硬件流水线的"类整数DCT"变换快速并行算法的硬件结构,用加法和移位操作实现整数乘法。该设计结构简单、运算速度高、易于与微处理器系统接口,类整数DCT变换及其快速硬件流水算法的获得,为进一步降低视频编解码器的复杂度,提供了一个有价值的参考方案。     

用于H.264编解码的面向HDTV应用的动态可重构多变换VLSI结构

提出了一种新的支持MPEG-4 AVC/H.264标准4×4整数变换的动态可重构结构.首先,针对4×4正反变换分别推导了两个新的二维直接信号流图.进而设计了一个面向HDTV应用的动态可重构多变换结构.该结构无需转置寄存器且计算单元仅需16个加法器(减法器).采用0.18μm CMOS工艺实现了该电路结构.结果表明,最高...     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks