基于两种丁腈橡胶复合填料的高性能离合器摩擦材料

本文提出了以丁腈乳胶改性水基酚醛树脂作粘合剂,分别以玻璃纤维和复合包芯纱纤维作为增强材料。采用两种新型丁腈复合填料作主要填料制备高性能离合器摩擦材料的试验方法。两种新型复合填料分别为含9％硫化丁腈橡胶和含20％未硫化丁腈橡胶。试验表明：当两种新型复合填料按1：1的比例加入,即丁腈橡胶含量在16％左右时,制备出的摩擦材料具有良好的摩擦磨损性能、适中的硬度、良好的冲击强度及较低的噪音。     

低毒液体密封胶的研究

以丁腈橡胶（NBR）为主体材料,通过硬丁腈与软丁腈搭配,使用白炭黑（SiO₂）、酚醛树脂（PF）、环氧大豆油（ESO）、低毒溶剂体系,研制出低毒液体密封胶。研究了硬丁腈NBR3604与软丁腈N237H的配合比、混合溶剂的配比及用量、SiO₂、PF及ESO用量对密封胶性能的影响。结果表明,采用m（NBR3604）∶m（N237H）=70∶30、v（DMK）∶v（120#溶剂油）∶v（DMC）∶v（SBAC）=5∶50∶25∶20,SiO₂、PF和ESO质量分数分别为30%、15%、5%,制得的密封胶综合性能优异,具有良好的应用前景。     

硫化体系对丁腈橡胶耐油、耐低温和压变性能的影响

通过对过氧化物硫化体系、过氧化物/硫磺硫化体系、过氧化物/硫载体硫化体系的研究,探究不同硫化体系的并用对丁腈橡胶(NBR)的硫化特性、物理机械性能、耐油性能、耐低温性能和压缩变形的影响。结果表明,过氧化物和硫磺并用硫化的丁腈胶物理机械性能最好,热油老化后的体积变化率和压缩永久变形小。当m(过氧化二异丙苯)∶m(二烯丙基异氰脲酸酯)∶m(硫磺)∶m(促进剂)=1.5∶0.5∶0.1∶0.1时硫化胶性能最好。硫化体系对NBR的耐低温性能影响不大。     

基于填料粒度对离合器摩擦材料性能影响的研究

本文提出采用丁腈乳胶改性酚醛树脂作粘结剂、采用玻璃纤维和复合包芯纱作为增强纤维、丁腈橡胶复合填料制备离合器摩擦材料的工艺方法。试验表,在相同配方和工艺条件下,复合填料的粒度对离合器摩擦材料的性能有很大影响。当复合填料粒度为20-60目左右时,摩擦材料具有较好的物理机械性能和良好的摩擦磨损性能。     

木质素-FCC废催化剂复合物在丁腈橡胶中的应用研究

以木质素(Lignin)和FCC(Fluid Catalytic Cracking)废催化剂(WFCC)为原料,混合球磨制备了木质素-WFCC复合物(LWF),并将其作为填料制备了木质素-WFCC/丁腈橡胶(LWF/NBR)复合材料。探讨了在填料份数为50时,复合填料组成对NBR复合物的硫化特性、交联密度、力学性能、老化性能和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)的影响。在确定了复合填料中WFCC与木质素配比为100∶40后,研究了不同填料份数对NBR复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:在填料份数为50时,当m(WFCC)∶m(木质素)=100∶40时,其综合性能较好,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、300%定伸应力和老化后拉伸强度保持率分别为14.7 MPa、724%、3.0 MPa和74%;CLF/NBR复合材料的玻璃化转变温度显示填料与丁腈橡胶存在显著相互作用。在WFCC与木质素比例为100∶40时,填料份数为60时,复合材料拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和300%定伸应力分别达到17.1 MPa、743%和3.5 MPa。对拉伸断面的扫描电镜分析(SEM)结果表明木质素有效提高了WFCC在丁腈橡胶中的分散。     

含腈基橡胶耐低温性能和耐油性能的研究

对比丙烯腈含量接近的丁腈橡胶(NBR)、氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)和丁腈酯橡胶(BNBR)的各项性能,尤其是硫化胶的耐低温性能和耐油性能。结果表明:HNBR由于分子链规整性较高,其硫化胶具有较高的强度和较低的弹性;与NBR硫化胶相比,BNBR硫化胶的各项物理性能略好;3种含腈基橡胶硫化胶中,BNBR和NBR硫化胶的耐低温性能更好,HNBR硫化胶的耐油性能更好。     

聚芳醚腈酮/SiC/Si3N4耐高温耐磨纳米复合涂层研究

以新型耐高温聚芳醚腈酮(PPENK)树脂作为涂料成膜物质,纳米SiC和Si3N4共同作为耐磨填料,制备了一系列新型耐高温耐磨PPENK/SiC/Si3N4纳米复合涂料。对复合涂层的摩擦学性能及热性能进行研究,通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察涂层磨损表面形貌,分析涂层磨损机理。结果表明:纳米SiC和Si3N4填料能有效改善纯PPENK树脂涂层的摩擦磨损性能。当PPENK树脂含量为22%,m(SiC)∶m(Si3N4)为3∶2时,涂层摩擦系数最小;当PPENK树脂含量为20%,纳米填料m(SiC)∶m(Si3N4)为1∶1时,涂层磨损质量损失最小。热重分析(TGA)表明无机纳米填料的加入对涂层的热性能有略微增强的作用。PPENK/SiC/Si3N4纳米复合涂层的磨损机理以粘着磨损为主,兼有犁耕磨损。     

丁腈橡胶-聚丙烯腈互穿网络材料的合成与耐油性能研究

通过利用丙烯腈在丁腈橡胶(NBR)硫化过程中原位聚合,制备了NBR交互聚丙烯腈复合材料,并研究了NBR腈含量、丙烯腈用量以及交联剂用量对NBR互穿网络复合材料(NBR-IPN)耐油性能的影响。结果表明,丙烯腈与NBR共混后在硫化过程中丙烯腈原位聚合制备互穿网络复合材料,各项性能均优于传统NBR,但会使得断裂伸长率略有下降;高腈含量NBR互穿网络化后耐油性能提高更为明显;丙烯腈用量为10质量份左右、交联剂偶氮二异丁腈用量为3.5质量份左右时,互穿网络材料的耐油性能最佳。     

1-(4-氯苯基)-2-环丙基-1-丙酮合成的改进方法

改进了1-(4-氯苯基)-2-环丙基-1-丙酮的合成方法。以2-(4-氯苯基)-3-环丙基丁腈为原料,在臭氧和氢氧化钠的作用下合成产物,优化条件为:m(水)∶m[2-(4-氯苯基)-3-环丙基丁腈]=12∶1,n(臭氧)∶n[2-(4-氯苯基)-3-环丙基丁腈]=1.6∶1.0,反应温度50℃,臭氧通入和氢氧化钠滴加时间为2 h,优化条件下,收率达80%。     

木质素/陶土复合物的制备及其在丁腈橡胶中的应用研究

以木质素(lignin)和陶土(clay)为原料,混合球磨制备了木质素/陶土复合物(CLC),并将其作为填料制备了木质素-陶土/丁腈橡胶(CLC/NBR)复合材料。首先,探讨了在填料为50份数时,填料组成对NBR复合材料的硫化特性、交联密度、力学性能、老化性能和玻璃化转变温度(T_g)的影响。基于优化的填料组成比例,研究了不同填料份数对NBR复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:在填料份数为50时,陶土与木质素比例为100∶40时,其综合性能较好,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、300%定伸应力和老化后拉伸强度保持率分别为16.1 MPa、697%、3.2 MPa和62%;CLC/NBR复合材料的Tg相对未填充丁腈橡胶上升了6.8℃。在陶土与木质素比例为100∶40时,当填料份数为60,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和300%定伸应力分别为17.5 MPa、734%和3.4 MPa。     

Friction properties of graphene reinforced nitrile rubber composites after thermal oxidation aging: Experiment and molecular dynamics simulation

We established friction models for pure NBR, GNS/NBR, and GO/NBR composites through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Our study focused on the impact of GNS and GO on the friction properties of nitrile rubber (NBR) composite materials after undergoing thermal oxygen aging. Based on the simulation results, it can be observed that the GNS/NBR and GO/NBR composites' coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 20.8% and 24.8%, respectively, at 348 K. Additionally, the abrasion rate is reduced by 17.4% and 25.7%, respectively, for the same composites. Adding GNS and GO can effectively improve the friction performance of the NBR composite system, and compared with GNS, GO shows a better enhancement effect. Pure NBR and GO/NBR composite materials were prepared by mechanical blending method, and the friction properties of GO-enhanced NBR composite materials were studied. The experimental results show that the GO/NBR composite material can maintain a low friction and wear coefficient after thermal and oxygen aging. It shows that adding GO can effectively improve the friction properties of NBR composite systems and slow down the weakening effect of aging on the friction properties of NBR composite materials. This is because the GO surface contains wealthy functional groups such as epoxy groups, which enhances the binding strength between the GO and NBR interface so that the GO/NBR composite material exhibits better friction properties and thermal oxygen aging resistance. In addition, the wear surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the damage mechanism of friction and wear of NBR composite materials.     

温度对酚醛树脂/丁腈橡胶复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

采用机械共混法将酚醛树脂（PF）与丁腈橡胶（NBR）进行混合而制得PF/NBR复合材料,研究了PF用量对NBR的拉伸性能、撕裂性能及硬度的影响,使用多功能材料表面性能综合测试仪、三维表面形貌仪和扫描电子显微镜对力学性能最优的PF/NBR复合材料试样A 2（添加5份PF）在不同温度下的摩擦性能进行了探究,并与未添加PF的试样A 0进行了对比,此外还对PF/NBR复合材料的磨损机理进行了初步分析。结果表明,当温度超过75 ℃时,试样A 0的摩擦系数曲线整体呈持续上升的趋势,同时其表面有较多孔洞,分子间结合力下降,耐磨性变差,而试样A 2的摩擦系数则基本保持稳定,磨损行为表明其磨损机理由磨粒磨损逐渐转变为黏着磨损;相对于试样A 0而言,试样A 2在高温下仍能保持较好的摩擦性能。     

纳米MH/AF/NBR复合材料物理力学性能及耐热阻燃机理

为了获得具有较好物理力学性能和耐热阻燃性能的橡胶密封材料,以NBR、芳纶纤维(AF)和纳米Mg(OH)₂(MH)为主要原料制备了纳米MH/AF/NBR复合材料.研究了纳米MH和AF不同配比时,复合材料的物理力学性能变化、耐热阻燃性能变化.结果表明:纳米MH对复合材料内部结构有很好的补强作用,而AF添加量较多时,与橡胶的结合强度有变差的趋势.不同配比的纳米MH与AF能够有效改善NBR的物理力学性能.当纳米MH与AF填料配比份数配比为20/10时,复合材料的拉伸强度、定伸应力可以提高4%左右,永久压缩变形降低1%左右,当纳米MH/AF份数配比为30/10时,硬度提高到73度.比较发现纳米MH的阻燃性能要优于AF,纳米MH/AF份数配比为10/10时,复合材料分解温度提高了近20℃,MH/AF填料的加入改善了NBR原有的热稳定性,且复合材料燃烧时烟气生成量较小,为该类复合材料在密封等领域进一步应用奠定了基础.     

Nitrile rubber/sliding graft copolymer damping material with significantly improved strength and damping performance

Nitrile rubber (NBR)/sliding graft copolymer (SGC) composites with significantly improved strength and damping property are successfully prepared. SGC is a novel kind of supramolecular material with sliding crosslink junctions. The micromorphology analyses of NBR/SGC composites indicate that the SGC phase with particle size less than 500 nm is fairly uniformly dispersed in the NBR matrix. As SGC content increases, the loss factors (tan δ) of NBR/SGC composites increase gradually. Specifically, the tan δ of NBR/SGC (100/40) is about 1.2 times higher than that of pristine NBR rubber. The tensile strength and elongation at break of NBR/SGC composites are unexpectedly improved after the addition of SGC. The significantly improved damping performance and tensile strength can be ascribed to the pulley effect of SGC and the strong interfacial hydrogen bonds between SGC and NBR. The high damping performance and good mechanical strength make the NBR/SGC composite a promising high-performance damping material. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47188.     

Friction and wear properties of NBR/PVC composites

Acrylonitrial butadiene rubber (NBR)/Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites with different PVC content were prepared. The effect of PVC content on the mechanical strength and tribological properties of the NBR/PVC composites was investigated. The morphologies of the worn traces and debris of NBR/PVC composites and worn traces of mating ball were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that the friction and wear of NBR/PVC was lower than that of NBR without PVC. The NBR/PVC composite with 30% PVC content showed the best synthetic mechanical and tribological properties. The inferior elastic properties and the lesser deformation under the applied load of composites with PVC resulted in hysteric force and adhesion force decrease, which leading to a lower friction and wear of NBR/PVC composites. The frictional failure unit of NBR70/PVC30 composite being smaller should be an important reason of the wear of the composite being lowest. The lubricating effect of PVC played an important role in decreasing the friction coefficient and wear of NBR/PVC composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

溴化丁基橡胶/丁腈橡胶并用胶微观结构及性能研究

用改性沥青作相容剂,研究溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)并用胶的微观结构和性能。结果表明:与未添加改性沥青CJ-100的BIIR/NBR并用胶相比,添加改性沥青CJ-100的BIIR/NBR并用胶的相容性较好,加工性能改善,气密性、耐屈挠和耐臭氧性能提高;添加5份改性沥青CJ-100的BIIR/NBR(并用比为80/20)并用胶物理性能、气密性、耐屈挠和耐臭氧性能较好,气密性接近全BIIR胶料,有望用于全钢载重子午线轮胎气密层。     

PVC/NBR复合材料的生产技术及应用

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)为原料制备的复合材料综合了两种聚合物的优势,弥补了各自的缺陷,成为一种性能卓越的橡塑并用材料。我国NBR生产及应用位居世界前列,对PVC/NBR复合材料的研究及生产已有一定基础,已经具备生产条件,具有相当广阔的市场空间。建议国内PVC,NBR生产和加工应用企业有计划、有步骤地开发并推广应用这种复合材料。     

水滑石/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用乳液复合法制备水滑石(LDHs)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)纳米复合材料,并对其结构和性能进行研究。结果表明:复合材料中LDHs均匀分散在NBR基体中;与NBR胶料相比,LDHs/NBR复合材料的物理性能和气体阻隔性能明显提高;当LDHs/NBR用量比为1/20且LDHs用量为1份时,LDHs/NBR复合母胶/溴化丁基橡胶并用胶的气体阻隔性能较好。     

Cure kinetics of a polymer‐based composite friction material

In the present article, cure kinetics of a commercially available composite friction material used in railroad vehicles is investigated using the rheometer measurements. Effect of ingredients of friction material compound, including rubber matrix, phenolic resin, and fillers, on overall cure kinetics of friction compound is also investigated by comparing the cure kinetics of friction material and rubber matrix compound. A phenomenological model and an Arrhenius‐type equation is developed for cure kinetics and induction time of both friction material and rubber matrix. The parameters of the models are extracted from experimental data, using the rheometer at different temperatures and utilizing appropriate optimization method. The good agreement between experimental measurement and models prediction indicates the good performance of the models developed in this study. The results demonstrate that phenolic resin and fillers have dominant effects on the overall cure behavior of the friction material compound. A comparison between the present results and other published data based on the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows a reasonable agreement as well. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 9–17, 2006