基于小波变换相干积累的微弱信号检测

在低信噪比下检测信号的方法倍受关注。本文提出基于小波变换的信号相干积累方法。利用小波变换的子带编码理论，通过在多个子带中进行相干积累。积累后的信号再用周期谱方法进行估计，证明该方法可进一步改善信号的检测能力。文中以脉冲雷达回波信号和相位码信号为例。仿真结果表明，这种方法能在-19db信噪比(雷达回波)和-22db信噪比(相位码信号)下检测信号。     

强噪声背景下的信号检测

在低信噪比下检测信号的方法备受关注。利用周期谱估计方法能在较低的信噪比下检测信号。本文提出基于小波包去噪的周期谱测量方法。该方法可进一步改善信号的检测能力。文中以相位码信号争以电视为发射信号的无源相干定位系统的回波信号为例，应用小波去噪和周期谱方法进行仿真。仿真结果表明，这种方法能在-21dB信噪比(相位码信号)和-14．5dB信噪比(电视信号)下检测信号。     

OTHR低信噪比下的机动目标检测算法

在天波超视距雷达(OTHR)中,采用短时间相干积累时,可以提高数据率和检测效能,减小电离层污染。但采用短时间相干积累时,目标信噪比往往较低,检测难度较大,而机动目标的多普勒扩展进一步增加了目标的检测难度。传统的机动目标检测算法利用基于高阶模糊函数(HAF)的多普勒补偿算法来提高机动目标的可检测性,但由于HAF多次用到非线性变换,而每次非线性变换都会损失部分信噪比,因此对输入信噪比要求较高,难以适应于更低信噪比环境下的机动目标检测。将机动目标回波建模为三阶多项式相位信号,采用一种低非线性度的运动参数估计方法并结合多普勒补偿算法对目标回波进行处理,仅需要一次相位降阶操作,减少了信噪比损失,降低了对输入信噪比的要求。经过仿真验证,该算法的输入信噪比门限为-3dB,而HAF算法的输入信噪比门限为3dB。     

一种频率步进雷达目标运动参数估计方法

为实现低信噪比下目标的精确运动补偿,提出基于Keystone变换和Morlet小波变换的方法估计低信噪比下目标速度和初始距离参数。在分析频率步进雷达运动目标回波信号基础上,首先采用Keystone变换法去除回波信号高次相位项,然后对回波信号做IFFT运算,再进行FFT 操作,便可得到距离-速度二维参数谱。考虑低信噪比对参数估计的影响,文中将距离维参数谱通过Morlet小波变换去除噪声,进而获得目标运动参数的精确估计。最后计算机仿真实验进一步说明了该方法的有效性。     

Harr小波在BPSK信号检测中的应用

BPSK(二进制相移键控)信号相位突变点的检测是BPSK信号处理的一个重要特征,尤其在低信噪比情况下,对相位突变点的检测更加困难。文中利用Harr小波对含噪声的BPSK信号进行小波变换,利用BPSK信号在Harr小波变换下的特性很容易从小波系数中得到BPSK信号的基带信号。     

基于小波变换人体生命参数探测方法

探讨了使用小波变换对人体生命参数检测。其基本原理是利用电磁波照射人体,其回波信号被人体生命活动引起的体表微动(如呼吸、心跳)调制后,使得回波信号的某些参数(如频率、相位)发生改变,通过小波变换技术检测回波信号参数的变化提取出人体生命参数。重点研究了小波变换方法在人体生命参数检测和识别中的应用。     

基于小波变换的MSK信号码速率盲估计

针对最小频移键控调制信号的码速率估计问题,提出一种基于Haar小波变换的MSK信号码速率盲估计方法。首先对接收信号作傅里叶变换得到信号频谱,对频谱频点分析粗估计信号的码速率,接着通过粗估计的码速率选取短时傅里叶变换窗函数长度和3个小波尺度,利用短时傅里叶变换得到信号瞬时频率变化,再利用小波的边缘检测特性对信号瞬时频率序列相位跳变点检测,最后对检测结果作频谱分析,估计频率得到MSK信号的码速率。仿真结果表明,高于信噪比门限时本算法可以对MSK信号码速率有效估计。     

基于小波变换的可见光通信系统码间干扰抑制技术

码间干扰直接影响可见光通信系统的通信性能,当前的应对方法存在一定的不足,为了实现系统信号稳定传输,文章采用基于小波变换的可见光通信系统码间干扰抑制技术,在分析可见光通信系统信道模型和信号多径特征基础上,利用小波变换将系统回波数据频谱变换到小波域,在小波域内通过恒虚警概率方法识别码间干扰小波系数,构建码间干扰小波系数的恒虚警检测器,将小波系数大于检测门限的码间干扰去除,实现对可见光通信系统码间干扰的抑制。实验结果表明,该方法的信号干扰抑制比和信号失真比均较低,可提高可见光通信系统的输出信噪比,有效抑制码间干扰对系统信号频谱的影响,保证系统信号传输稳定性。     

基于FRFT的雷达微弱目标信号检测算法

针对低信噪比下雷达目标回波检测的问题,提出对回波预处理后接分数阶傅里叶变换的检测方法。预处理为AR滤波器抑制杂波并用小波去噪。由于低信噪比下分数阶傅里叶变换检测性能低,对回波做预处理提高回波信噪比。再运用分数阶Fourier变换对LFM信号的聚敛性质检测。仿真结果表明,文中提出算法检测性能优于直接进行分数阶傅里叶变换。     

GEOSAR相位定标附加相位估计方法

地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEOSAR)相位定标系统由于其运行于地球同步轨道之上,因而会存在弱信噪比的问题,而对信号进行相干积累是一个提高信号信噪比的有效办法。首先分析了卫星轨道运动对于相干积累过程的影响,尤其是在长时间积累过程中,卫星的轨道运动会给GEOSAR相位定标信号增加一个非线性的附加相位调制,利用容积卡尔曼滤波的方法,能够在非线性较强的条件下对附加相位依旧有较高的估计精度,并在此基础上构造匹配滤波器对信号进行匹配滤波,实现信号的相干积累。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first