对我国1999年进出口油脂、油料情况分析

据海关统计 :1 999年我国进口食用植物油 2 0 8万ｔ,比 1 998年实际 2 0 6万ｔ增长了 1 1 %。其中进口棕榈油 1 1 9 4万ｔ,比1 998年实际 93万ｔ增长了 2 8 3% ;进口大豆油 80 4万ｔ,菜籽油6 9万ｔ,分别比 1 998年实际 82 9万ｔ,2 8 5万ｔ减少 3 4%和75 7%。1 999年出口食用植物油 9 7万ｔ,比 1 998年实际 30 9万ｔ减少 68 8%。其中 ,出口大豆油 5 34万ｔ,棕榈油 2 61ｔ,菜籽油2 6万ｔ;分别比 1 998年实际减少 71 3%、99 2 %和 64 6%。进出口相抵 ,1 999年净进口食用植物油 1 98 3万ｔ,比 1 998年实际1 75 1万ｔ增加 2 3 2万ｔ。其中 ,…     

2003年1～6月我国啤酒产量

省市区名 1～ 6月产量累计增长 / %省市区名 1～ 6月产量累计增长 / %省市区名 1～ 6月产量累计增长 / %北　京 58 33 - 1 1 38天　津 8 35 2 2 79河　北 57 0 7 - 1 5 34山　西 8 73 8 0 4内蒙古 2 1 81 1 2 1辽　宁 71 0 4 - 2 1 2吉　林 41 46 - 1 40黑龙江 94 2 6 9 45上　海 1 9 0 0 6 0 9江　苏 52 81 1 1 1 3浙　江 79 0 6 5 53安　徽 66 81 - 5 1 7福　建 61 35 1 0 82江　西 1 9 77 2 1 2山　东 1 63 47 0 36河　南 58 32 - 1 1 4湖　北 52 0 7 2 80湖　南 1 8 1 0 1 34广　东 85 51 5 96广　西 1 9 2 3 3 0 0海…     

1999年可口可乐公司与百事可乐公司在中国合资(灌装)厂家数、产量、利税、利润、税金及与1998年同期对照表

1999年可口可乐公司与百事可乐公司在中国合资 (灌装 )厂家数及与 1 998年同期对照表类　　别可口可乐公司百事可乐公司两公司合计1 999年 2 2家 1 2家 34家1 998年 2 1家 1 2家 33家1 999年可口可乐公司与百事可乐公司在中国合资 (灌装 )厂产量及与 1 998年同期对照表类　别可口可乐公司百事可乐公司两公司合计产量(吨 )比上年增　长( % )产量(吨 )比上年增　长( % )产量(吨 )比上年增　长( % )1 999年 2 2 0 381 0 9 1 7993 4 2 4 1 7 7931 972 34 1 1 731 998年 2 0 1 8784 1 2 1 1 84 2 8371 2 762 861 62 1 1 2 301 999年可口可乐…     

1999/2000制糖期全国甜菜糖厂生产情况

1999/ 2 0 0 0制糖期全国共有 45家甜菜糖厂开机 ,产糖量 5 3万ｔ左右 ,较 1 998/ 1 999制糖期 (甜菜糖产量 1 1 7万ｔ)减少一半以上。其中甜菜糖主产区新疆产糖量 2 5万ｔ左右 ( 1 998/ 1 999制糖期将近 5 0万ｔ) ;黑龙江产糖量 1 2 4万ｔ( 1 998/ 1 999制糖期 2 8万ｔ左右 ) ;内蒙古产糖量 7 4万ｔ( 1 998/ 1 999制糖期 1 8万ｔ左右 ) ,均较上制糖期大幅下降。1 999/ 2 0 0 0制糖期我国甜菜糖产量减少的主要原因是甜菜种植面积减少 ,糖厂甜菜收购量不足 ,生产期缩短。例如 ,黑龙江省赵光糖厂有效生产日数仅为 1 5天 ,肇源制糖有限责任公…     

1998年世界啤酒主要生产国产量

排名国家1998年产量(万吨 )构成比(% )比 1997年增减(% )比 1988年增减(% )比 1978年增减(% )排名国家1998年产量(万吨 )构成比(% )比 1997年增减(% )比 1988年增减(% )比 1978年增减(% )1美　国 2 377.0 17.90 .5 2 .313.114法　国 198.11.5 1.7- 0 .8- 13.02中　国 196 4.0 14.85 .32 0 5 .410 811.115委内瑞拉 190 .81.45 .0 46 .8—3德　国 1117.0 8.4- 2 .7- 4.6 - 2 .6 16哥伦比亚 183.0 1.4- 8.5 1.7—4巴　西 815 .6 6 .1- 0 .370 .6 2 0 7.417捷　克 182 .91.4- 2 .5 - 19.3- 17.15日　本 72 1.5 5 .40 .5 2 4.46 1.0 18澳大利亚 1…     

1998年日本酒类消费量

酒种 消费量 (ｋｌ)1 998年 1 997年较上年增长( % )构成比 ( % )1 998年 1 997年清　　酒 1 0 52 3 4 7 1 1 2 2 1 8893 .81 1 .1 1 1 .9合成清酒 51 670 51 0 3 0 1 0 1 .3 0 .50 .5甲类烧酎 3 92 753 4 0 0 82 998.0 4 .2 4 .3乙类烧酎 2 960 962 91 3 1 3 1 0 1 .63 .1 3 .1小　　计 688851 692 1 3 999.57.3 7.4味　　淋 9592 3 93 4 881 0 2 .61 .0 1 .0啤　　酒 58573 4 2 63 2 970 692 .561 .967.3果酒类果　酒 2 97883 2 2 4 774 1 3 2 .53 .2 2 .4甜味果酒 1 52 3 2 1 4 0 1 2 1 0 8.7 0 .2 0 .1小　计 3 1 3 1 1 62 3 8787 1 3 1…     

1999年纸浆及废纸进口情况

1999年我国进口纸浆 3 0 9 79万吨 ,比上年增长 40 86%。其中硫酸盐木浆 2 40 2 8万吨 ,增长了 48 44 % ;半化学木浆 1 2 49万吨 ,比上年的0 87万吨增长了 1 3 3 8%。进口废纸 2 5 1 64万吨 ,同比增长了 3 1 42 %。主要品种进口量及同比情况见下表。1 999年纸浆、废纸进口情况 (万吨 )1999年 1998年同比 /%一、纸浆 30 9 792 19 9340 86　 1 机械木浆 2 1 6 12 3 0 1- 6 0 8　 2 化学溶解浆 8 957 7914 99　 3 硫酸盐木浆 2 4 0 2 816 1 874 8 4 4其中 :未漂针叶浆 2 3 9814 96 6 0 2 9未漂非针叶浆 0 0 90 74 - 87 38漂白针叶…     

俄罗斯金属制品行业在产品结构调整中前进

1999年度俄罗斯各企业大大提高了有效益的产品生产量。 1 999年前 9个月共生产了 62 .64万ｔ制品 ,较 1 998年产量提高了 1 8% ,1 999年 9月份金属制品产量与 1 998年同期的产量相比提高了 50 %。其中 ,钢帘线产量提高了 57.6% ,钉子产量提高了56.8% ,钢丝网产量提高了 1 9.3% ,钢丝产量提高了1 7.5% ,铁丝产量提高了 2 7.7% ,固定件产量提高了1 3.2 % ,冷拉型钢产量提高了 7.9%。俄金属制品企业在提高有竞争能力品种的份额的同时 ,积极降低生产成本。例如 ,马格尼特哥尔斯克冷拔厂近两年来已掌握了 2 8种新品种生产技术(如掌握镀铜焊丝连续…     

1999年全国利税总额亿元以上啤酒生产企业

┌───┬─────────────┬───────┬─────┬───────┐│序号 │企业名称 │省市区 │利税总额 │1999年产量 ││ │ │ │ (万元) │ (吨) │├───┼─────────────┼───────┼─────┼───────┤│l │燕京啤酒集团公司 │北京市 │80608 .30 │1。;。78.。。!│├───┼─────────────┼───────┼─────┼───────┤│2 │青岛啤酒股份有限公司 │山东省 │59237 .00 │1。71531.。o…│├───┼─────────────┼───…     

上半年我国纸浆和新闻纸进口剧增

据中国海关总署 7月 2 6日公布的“2 0 0 3年 1至6月我国主要进口商品量值表” ,上半年我国进口原木计 12 85万m3,用汇 12 2 932 .7万美元 ,比去年同期进口量增长 5 .4 % ,用汇增长 16 .3% ;进口锯材 2 75 .0 2 7万m3,用汇 5 80 19.9万美元 ,分别比去年同期增长 9.3%和 4 .8% ;进口各类纸浆 2 96万t ,用汇12 6 82 9.9万美元 ,进口量比去年同期增长 12 .9% ,用汇增长 2 5 .7% ,平均吨浆进口用汇由去年的 385 .0 4美元提高到 4 2 8.4 8美元 ,增长 11.2 8% ;进口各类纸和纸板 (未切成形的 ) 32 5万t ,用汇 190 6 2 3.3万美元 ,进口量比去年同期…     

Changes in smoking prevalence in Ukraine in 2001-5

Objectives

To analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine from three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes, in order to estimate the stage of tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.

Design

Repeated national interview surveys in Ukraine in 2001, 2002 and 2005.

Main outcome measure

Prevalence of current smoking among the population aged ⩾15 years.

Results

The age‐standardised prevalence of current smoking in Ukrainian men was 54.8% in 2001 and 66.8% in 2005. Among Ukrainian women, prevalence increased from 11.5% in 2001 to 20.0% in 2005. ORs for yearly increase in prevalence were estimated as 1.164 (95% CI 1.111 to 1.220) for men and 1.187 (1.124 to 1.253) for women, which implies that, on average, 3–4% of men and 1.5–2% of women living in Ukraine join the smoking population each year.

Conclusions

In Ukraine, smoking prevalence is increasing in most population groups. Among men, the medium deprivation group with secondary education has the highest smoking prevalence. Among women, while the most educated, young and those living in larger cities are the leading group for tobacco use, other groups are also increasing their tobacco use. Tobacco promotion efforts appear to have been significantly more effective in Ukraine than smoking control efforts. The decrease in real cigarette prices in Ukraine in 2001–5 could be the main factor explaining the recent growth in smoking prevalence.Ukraine is a large eastern European country with high smoking prevalence. Tobacco products are widely available at very low prices, and the transnational tobacco industry is extremely successful in promoting its products and lobbying for its interests in the legislative field. Advocacy of tobacco control has only recently achieved some success in the legislative field, with the first tobacco control law being adopted in late 2005. Ukraine ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, but there is still much cause for concern regarding the enforcement and effectiveness of the adopted legislative measures. Unfortunately, the government is not yet involved in nationwide surveillance of the tobacco problem, and the available data have mostly been gathered with funding from foreign donors. Several attempts have been made to measure the extent of the tobacco epidemic in the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU).^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7} Most of these studies have shown rather high smoking prevalence among men (50–70%) and comparatively low prevalence among women (5–20%). Most countries in the FSU have similar smoking rates, while certain trends are shown to be related to the differences in how the transnational tobacco industry succeeds in every national tobacco market.⁶ Unfortunately, few studies have been published showing trends in smoking prevalence in the FSU.⁷ In Ukraine, two studies^3,4 provided point estimates of smoking prevalence.The aim of this study was to analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine, on the basis of three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes in order to estimate the stage of the tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.     

2010年河南省部分食品中重金属污染状况分析

了解河南省部分食品中重金属污染的现状。方法 在河南省18个省辖市采集8大类3 657份食品样品,按照国家标准检测食品中铅、镉和汞的含量,检测结果按照GB 2762—2012《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》进行评价。结果 河南省部分食品中铅含量的平均值为0.34 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.8%(320/3 656),其中粮食、肉类和蔬菜中超标率较高,分别为17.2%(95/552)、14.5%(85/587)和10.7%(57/534);部分食品中镉含量的平均值为0.054 mg/kg,总体超标率为3.9%(143/3 657),其中食用菌和蛋类中超标率较高,分别为9.6%(49/508)和8.1%(42/518);部分食品中汞含量的平均值为0.077 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.3%(303/3 657),其中蔬菜和粮食中超标率较高,分别为25.3%(135/534)和12.3%(68/551)。结论 河南省部分食品中铅、汞污染情况较为严重,其中粮食、蔬菜和肉类食品中污染情况尤为突出,需要加强监管。     

Moulds and mycotoxins in sorghum stored in traditional containers in India

Various traditional containers have been used in India for storage of sorghum grains. Sorghum is susceptible to fungal infestation and toxin elaboration. The present study relates to the mould and mycotoxin contamination (aflatoxin B₁ and T-2 toxin) in stored sorghum in different storage containers viz. “Kotlu” (Storage rooms), earthenware pots, gunny bags and reed baskets. Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. were the prominent genera and the “Kotlu” form of storage was most susceptible to fungal attack. Storage treatment had little effect on fungal contamination, but despite the fungal infestation, the mycotoxin contamination was found to be very low.     

中国固态发酵白酒中功能细菌研究进展

细菌是白酒酿造3大类微生物之一,其在白酒生产中有着重要的作用,如:芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、放线菌和梭菌等,它们能产生酯类、有机酸、吡嗪、萜烯等微量成分,从而影响白酒的风味与品质。基于细菌在白酒中的重要功能以及微生物分离培养技术和分析检测技术的进步,近年来相关研究越来越深入。该文综述了近年来白酒功能细菌的研究进展,介绍了酿酒各个环节中主要功能细菌及其在白酒中的作用,旨在为白酒功能细菌的研究提供参考。     

Heavy metals in vegetables sold in the local market in Jordan

Heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in various vegetables (cabbage, green onion, lettuce, parsley, rocket, spinach, carrot, onion, potato and cauliflower) from the market in Jordan were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn ranged from 0.009–0.275 mg kg^?1 wet weight, 0.004–0.060 mg kg^?1, 0.003–0.401 mg kg^?1, 0.105–3.51 mg kg^?1, 0.15–1.15 mg kg^?1, 0.93–14.39 mg kg^?1, 0.044–0.702 mg kg^?1, 0.072–0.289 mg kg^?1 and 2.23–6.65 mg kg^?1, respectively. Parsley, followed by spinach, contained the highest concentration of heavy metals. Onion contained high levels of toxic heavy metals. The content of Cu in parsley and spinach and Pb in onion exceeded the Codex limits. However, the daily intake of heavy metals from the tested vegetables was lower than the maximum limits for allowable intake.