对旋轴流风机叶顶形态对其性能的影响

为了探究改变叶顶结构对风机性能的影响，采用Fluent对不同叶顶形态的对旋轴流风机性能进行数值模拟。分析了不同叶顶形态对风机效率、全压、叶顶泄漏流和泄漏涡的影响。结果表明：风机效率随叶顶开槽长度的增加而增大。在开槽长度和深度相同时，与第一级叶轮相比，改变第二级叶轮的叶顶形态对风机性能的改善更加显著。与后缘相比，在叶顶前缘开槽对风机性能改善更大。叶顶开槽后，间隙处形成泄漏涡，且叶顶泄漏流入口处涡流强度明显提高，可有效削弱叶顶泄漏流的发展，改善风机性能。     

对旋轴流风机叶顶间隙对其性能的影响

为了探究改变对旋轴流风机两级叶轮的叶顶间隙对其性能的影响，建立不同叶顶间隙下风机三维模型，利用Fluent进行数值模拟，并结合风机性能试验验证仿真的正确性。分析压升、效率、轴功率、湍流动能和叶顶泄漏涡随两级叶轮叶顶间隙的变化情况，结果表明：在相同流量下，压升、效率随间隙的增大而减小；与第一级叶轮相比，间隙对第二级叶轮的轴功率、湍流动能及泄漏涡影响更加显著；随间隙增大，叶顶泄漏涡的强度和影响区域越大。     

汽轮机动叶栅顶部泄漏流的数值分析

为研究围带对汽轮机叶顶间隙泄漏流的影响,以某汽轮机级为研究对象,采用?-?SST湍流模型、结构化网格,对无围带及有围带动叶顶部的间隙泄漏流动进行数值模拟,分析间隙流和泄漏涡的形成、发展及其对汽轮机性能的影响。结果表明,无围带时,叶顶间隙泄漏流在叶顶前缘形成顺时针的漩涡,在吸力面附近和尾缘出口形成顺时针的泄漏涡;沿着轴向流动距离的增加,泄漏涡的影响范围逐渐变大。有围带时,叶顶间隙泄漏流在叶顶尾缘附近形成逆时针的泄漏涡。但无论有无围带,与泄漏涡对应的通道涡的旋向都和泄漏涡相反。随着叶顶部间隙的增加,有围带和无围带时的泄漏涡强度都变大,总压损失系数都增加。当叶顶间隙相同时,靠近叶顶处约80%叶高以上的区域内,有围带叶栅出口截面上的总压损失系数均小于无围带叶栅出口截面上相应位置的总压损失系数。     

轴流前弯叶轮叶顶流场特征分析

针对不同化工用前弯叶片的轴流通风机,在额定工况处数值模拟了三维粘性流场以及利用粒子图像测速仪PIV试验测量了叶顶流场。在数值结果与测量结果相吻合的前提下,分析了叶轮近上端壁面极限流线、叶顶轴向速度大小分布以及不同前弯角度叶片对叶顶泄漏流在发展阶段的影响。结果展示了叶顶流场的基本特征-叶顶泄漏涡的初始段和发展段;揭示了叶顶泄漏涡是叶顶流动阻塞的最主要原因之一;叶片前弯角度与叶顶泄漏涡稳定度之间的非线性变化;在泄漏涡发展阶段,涡度随叶片前弯角度之间"先增强后减弱"的变化规律。     

用CFD研究离心压缩机叶顶间隙对内部流场的影响

采用商用软件NUMECAL中FINE/TURBO模块对低速大尺度离心压缩机(LSCC)在不同间隙条件下的内部流场进行了数值模拟。给出了压缩机叶轮出口处的通流速度分布以及不同截面二次流矢量、二次流流线等计算结果。结果表明:叶顶间隙的大小与泄漏流动的强度和通道内的尾迹区位置分布密切相关,泄漏流动与通道涡的相互作用严重影响了通道内的流场分布。     

叶顶间隙对轴流风机性能影响的大涡模拟研究

为了研究分析叶顶间隙对轴流式通风机性能的影响,分别对1mm、2mm和4mm的三种叶顶间隙建立了三维全流道作为计算域,采用大涡模拟方法对其三维全流场进行数值模拟,得到了轴流式通风机的效率和压升随流量的变化曲线,对比分析了不同的叶顶间隙对风机性能的影响,另外,得到了叶顶泄漏涡的强度和影响区域随着叶顶间隙的增大而增大。     

叶顶间隙对低速离心叶轮性能影响及尾缘附近流场分析

为了深入了解不同叶顶间隙下低速离心叶轮性能变化及尾缘附近流场变化,利用商用计算流体力学软件包NUMECA FINE/TURBO分别对0.5、1、2倍叶顶间隙的LSCC离心叶轮内部三维粘性流场进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明:随着叶顶间隙的增加,叶轮通道内损失增大,尾迹损失增大,离心机的效率压比降低;随着叶顶间隙的增加,间隙泄漏流增强,通道内叶顶、机匣表面附近低速区扩大,由于尾缘附近低速区扩大并向吸力面移动,低速区与尾迹掺混加剧了叶轮出口通道涡运动,尾迹中心从压力面向通道中心移动。     

低压轴流风机叶顶间隙对叶尖涡及外部性能的影响研究

基于其一动叶可调的低压轴流风机叶轮,通过对其在不同叶顶间隙下的叶顶区域进行数值模拟分析。计算结果分析表明:该轴流风机在叶顶间隙较小时虽然会出现泄漏流动,但不一定会出现泄漏涡,随着叶顶间隙的增大,泄漏流动将变得不明显,取而代之的是泄漏涡,并且泄漏涡的强度和影响区域随着间隙的增大而增大;在相同流量下,通风机的全压随着叶顶间隙的增大而减小;随着流量的降低,叶顶间隙越大,越早进入非稳定状态。     

叶片载荷对半开式离心叶轮气动性能的影响

为提高半开式离心叶轮的气动性能,采用数值模拟及分析方法对三种叶片载荷分布的叶轮在不同叶顶间隙下的流动特征及性能参数影响进行了量化对比,结果表明:载荷分布形式与叶顶间隙值对叶轮气动性能有影响,当载荷前置时,叶轮性能受间隙的影响最小;叶顶间隙引起的泄漏量对叶轮性能影响不明显;叶轮流道中后段的流动性能更易受载荷、叶顶间隙值等因素的影响,导致效率下降。     

轴流泵端壁间隙流动特性的数值分析

采用CFD计算软件CFX11.0,基于标准的k-ε紊流模型和SIMPLEC算法,对带间隙的轴流泵的内部流场进行了数值模拟.研究和分析了0、1、1.5、2和2.5mm五种不同径向间隙对轴流泵的能量特性的影响,并进行了性能预估.本次数值模拟捕捉到了叶顶间隙泄漏流动和间隙泄漏涡,并通过分析得出了间隙泄漏涡是由于间隙泄漏流与主流发生卷吸而形成的.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.