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《能源工程》2015,(4)
针对现有差分吸收光谱(DOAS)大气监测系统紫外光强不足,信噪比不高等问题,研制了基于光纤收发一体的紫外增强DOAS大气监测系统。该系统在光纤收发一体结构的基础上进行了改进优化,并采用紫外增强氙灯作为系统光源,改进了系统光源耦合设计,用角反射镜阵列替代单个角反射镜。对优化的DOAS系统进行了紫外光强外场测试,结果显示,单光程为135 m下光谱仪积分时间仅为15 ms,接收光强能达到最大量程的80%以上。采用SO2、NO2标气对系统进行了标定实验,并利用系统对大气污染物SO2、NO2进行了连续监测,结果表明系统性能先进,完全满足雾霾等能见度低的天气下大气在线监测要求。 相似文献
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通过分析上海闸电燃机发电厂监测数据,发现一年中大气温度和功率的变化使得热参数监测标准难以选取。为了找出与大气温度变化、功率变化无关的热参数监测标准,本文从方差入手,采取时间序列模型方差均值方式对运行数据进行了分析。结果表明,用时间序列模型求出的方差基准线不随大气温度变化而变化,采用满负荷工况监测可以显示出故障时性能变化最大的数据。在有故障出现时,通过时间序列模型求得的各监测数据的方差将会超过警戒线而报警,从而可以起到监测作用。 相似文献
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正在巩固扩大蓝天保卫战成果中,解决大气重污染问题是非常重要的一环。为此,国务院批准由生态环保部牵头开展京津冀及周边大气重污染成因与治理攻关。在这样的背景下,以中国环境科学研究院为主要依托单位,联合直属单位、相关高校和科研院所等290多家单位,成立了跨部门多学科的国家大气污染防治攻关联合中心。针对京津冀及周边地区大气重污染成因与治理攻关进展相关情况,本刊采访了国家大气污染防治攻关联合中心副主任柴发合。 相似文献
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微生物油脂因生产不受气候、季节影响,占地少,所需人力较少等优点,被认为是生物柴油的理想原料。不同种类的油脂微生物的脂质含量差别较大,因此,高效筛选油脂含量高的微生物菌株是开发微生物油脂资源的关键问题,而如何分析、测定微生物的油脂含量是筛选高油脂含量菌株不可缺少的步骤。荧光分析法具有速度快、污染少、可原位测定等优势正逐渐取代传统氯仿/甲醇重量分析方法,被广泛应用于定性定量分析微生物油脂。本文综述了脂溶性荧光染料(以尼罗红与BODIPY 505/515为主)测定微生物油脂的研究进展,以及其应用中存在的问题,并提出了未来改进该方法的研究思路。 相似文献
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污染源自动监测系统,是指在污染源现场安装的用于监测污染物排放的仪器、流量(速)计、污染治理设施运行记录仪和数据采集传输仪等仪器仪表,是污染防治设施的组成部分。主要监测废水、废气等固定污染源,其数据作为环境保护部门进行排污申报核定、排污许可证发放、总量控制、环境统计、排污费征收和现场环境执法等环境监督管理的依据。设备在正常运行状态下所提供的实时监测数据,即为通过有效性审核的污染源自动监测数据。通过固定污染源烟气自动监测系统的建立,对某公司几个重点烟气排放口进行跟踪监测,从而摸清当前烟气排放现状。对某些排放口在进行对比监测的同时,也进行了理论推算,对数据的有效性进行全面审核,以确定自动监测设备的运行是否正常,数据是否可用。只有保证污染源自动监测数据的有效性,才能满足企业节能减排和环保要求。 相似文献
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基于投影寻踪与内梅罗指数组合模型的地下水水质评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对内梅罗指数法注重最大污染指标及未充分考虑指标权重的问题,通过投影寻踪模型构造投影指标函数,采用实码加速遗传算法对投影指标函数进行优化得到指标权重,与污染指数结合得到加权污染指数,并将改进的最大污染指数加入权重与污染指数乘积最大值,构成投影寻踪与内梅罗指数组合模型。结合阳泉市娘子关泉域地下水水质监测样本,得到评价结果。结果表明,组合模型的地下水水质评价结果与现行的水质评价方法比较在安全性与准确性方面均有一定优势。验证了组合模型的可行性与适用性。研究成果可为地下水水污染防治提供参考。 相似文献
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B0ILERHEAfINGSURraCESFOULINGM0NIT0IuNGFoulingisunavoidableforallheatingsurfacesinboiler.Foallng0nheatingsurfacesis0neofthemainfactorsthatthectskeyperformanceparameterssuchasmainsteamtemperature,boilerevaporati0ncaPac-ityexhaustfluegastemperature,b0ilerefficiency,etc.Undercertainsituations,foulingstatesdefineboiler'sfail-downfrequencyandmaintenancecycle,whichwillreduceboiler'sawtlabilityThus,itisnecessarytomonitorfoulingstatesonboilerheatingsurfaCesinordertoavoidseriousfoulingandsl… 相似文献
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BinWu You-TingShen 《热科学学报(英文版)》1998,7(3):193-201
Fouling on boiler beating surfaces is one of the important factors that damage boiler‘s economical performance and safety,with on-line monitoring of foiling states on boler heating surfaces,it is possible to optimize sootblower system,to visualize fouling states,to improve performance,as well as to remedy the insufficiency of experiment research in boiler heating surface fouling process.New method based on Fuzzy Neural Network(FNN) is presented to monitor fouling states on boiler heating surfaces on-line.Compared with regular methods,since FNN‘s reasoning process is transparent and comprehensible,it is possible to explain and comprehend reasoning process,which makes the FNN based system perform as an additional operation consulting system. 相似文献
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Conrad DonovanAlim Dewan Huan PengDeukhyoun Heo Haluk Beyenal 《Journal of power sources》2011,196(3):1171-1177
One of the challenges in using wireless sensors that require high power to monitor the environment is finding a renewable power source that can produce enough power. Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are considered an alternative renewable power source for remote monitoring, but current research on SMFCs has demonstrated that they can only produce several to tens of mW of continuous power. This limits the use of SMFCs as an alternative renewable remote power source to mW-level power. Such low power is only enough to operate a low-power sensors. However, there are many remote sensors that require higher power, on the order of watts. Current technology using a SMFC to power a remote sensor requiring watts-level intermittent power is limited because of limitations of power management technology. Our goal was to develop a power management system (PMS) that enables a SMFC to operate a remote sensor consuming 2.5 W of power. We designed a custom PMS to store microbial energy in capacitors and use the stored energy in short bursts. Our results demonstrate that SMFCs can be a viable alternative renewable power source for remote sensors requiring high power. 相似文献
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A brief status on condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in wind energy conversion systems 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Y. Amirat M.E.H. Benbouzid E. Al-Ahmar B. Bensaker S. Turri 《Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews》2009,13(9):2629-2636
There is a constant need for the reduction of operational and maintenance costs of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs). The most efficient way of reducing these costs would be to continuously monitor the condition of these systems. This allows for early detection of the degeneration of the generator health, facilitating a proactive response, minimizing downtime, and maximizing productivity. Wind generators are also inaccessible since they are situated on extremely high towers, which are normally 20 m or more in height. There are also plans to increase the number of offshore sites increasing the need for a remote means of WECS monitoring that eliminates some of the difficulties faced due to accessibility problems. Therefore and due to the importance of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in WECS (blades, drive trains, and generators), and keeping in mind the need for future research, this paper is intended as a brief status describing different types of faults, their generated signatures, and their diagnostic schemes. 相似文献
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为分析小流域水环境污染状况,以涪江流域射洪段为例,利用源强系数法估算研究区COD、氨氮的污染负荷量,输出系数法估算研究区总氮、总磷的污染负荷量,并通过GIS技术对污染物进行空间分异分析。结果表明,研究区2016年主要污染源为居民生活污染,主要污染物为总氮,重点治理乡镇为大于镇、金华镇、洋溪镇、太乙镇;总氮入河负荷量为1 663.2t/a,等标污染负荷占比为47.6%,说明评估的污染现状与流域水质监测结果基本一致;针对污染现状,提出了修建集中式污水处理厂和农村分布式垃圾收集池的措施。研究结果为小流域水环境污染评价提供借鉴。 相似文献